vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RASvavilov-112Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ RAPD-МАРКЕРОВ ДЛЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ОТБОРА ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ПЕРЦА СЛАДКОГО (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) В СЕЛЕКЦИИ НА ГЕТЕРОЗИСUSE OF RAPD MARKERS OPTIMIZES THE SELECTION OF SOURCE MATERIAL OF SWEET PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) IN BREEDING FOR HETEROSISШаптуренкоМ. Н.ShapturenkoM. N.Shapturenko@igc.bas-net.byТарутинаЛ. А.TarutinaL. A.Shapturenko@igc.bas-net.byПечковскаяТ. В.PechkovskayaT. V.Shapturenko@igc.bas-net.byМишинЛ. А.MishinL. A.ХотылеваЛ. В.KhotylevaL. V.Shapturenko@igc.bas-net.byГосударственное научное учреждение «Институт генетики и цитологии НАН Беларуси», Минск, БеларусьБеларусьInstitute of Genetics and Cytology, Belarus NAS, Minsk, BelarusBelarusИнститут овощеводства, Минск, БеларусьБеларусьInstitute of Vegetable Crops, Belarus NAS, Minsk, BelarusBelarus2013181220141716371Copyright © Шаптуренко М.Н., Тарутина Л.А., Печковская Т.В., Мишин Л.А., Хотылева Л.В., 20142014Шаптуренко М.Н., Тарутина Л.А., Печковская Т.В., Мишин Л.А., Хотылева Л.В.Shapturenko M.N., Tarutina L.A., Pechkovskaya T.V., Mishin L.A., Khotyleva L.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/112

С целью изучения эффективности использования ДНК-скрининга для проведения отбора дивергентных пар гибридизации в селекции на гетерозис выполнен RAPD анализ полиморфизма образцов перца сладкого различного эколого-географического происхождения. Определены генетические дистанции, коллекция расклассифицирована методом UPGMA. Отобраны дивергентные генотипы и проведена их гибридизация по полной диаллельной схеме 5×5. Дана оценка комбинационной способности линий и эффекта гетерозиса их гибридов. Выявлены комбинации с высоким уровнем гетерозиса по основным показателям продуктивности и определен вклад аддитивных и доминантных генов в реализации генетического потенциала исходных родительских форм. Показано, что при формировании гетерозиса в F1 у изученных нами гибридов перца сладкого вклад специфической комбинационной способности родительских линий был более важен, чем общая комбинационная способность.

При оценке сопряженности величины эффекта гетерозиса и уровня дивергенции родительских форм перца сладкого выявлены положительные связи для основных признаков продуктивности, однако их величины невысокие. В целом ДНК-анализ оказался наиболее информативным для установления генетических различий между фенотипически однородным материалом, он нацеливает на поиск отдельных ДНК-локусов, положительно ассоциированных с гетерозисом в F1.

RAPD analysis of sweet pepper lines of various ecogeographical origins was made to study DNA screening efficiency for hybrid breeding. Genetic distances among parental lines were calculated. The collection was classified by UPGMA. Hybridization of polymorphic genotypes was carried out in 5 × 5 diallel cross. The combining ability of lines and the F1 heterosis effect were evaluated. Combinations with high levels of heterosis for performance traits were revealed. The contributions of additive and dominant genes to the realization of the genetic potential of parental lines were determined. Our study showed that the specific combining ability of lines of the sweet pepper collection was more important for the formation of heterosis than the general combining ability. Positive correlations between DNA marker distances of parents and heterosis degree were found for some performance traits, however, their levels were low. We plan seeking specific DNA loci that would be positively associated with hybrid performance.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.