vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ17.23-ovavilov-1132Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGЗасухоустойчивый генофонд твердой яровой пшеницы, идентифицированный в многолетних испытаниях питомников казахстанско-сибирской селекции пшеницыDrought tolerance gene pool in developing adaptive varieties of durum wheat identified in study nurseries under the Kazakhstan-Siberian programЕвдокимовМ. Г.EvdokimovM. G.

Омск

Omsk

ЮсовВ. С.YusovV. S.

Омск

Omsk

vs_ysov@rambler.ruМоргуновА. И.MorgounovA. I.

Анкара

Ankara

ЗеленскийЮ. И.ZelenskyYu. I.

Астана

Astana

Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйстваРоссияSiberian Agricultural Research InstituteRussian FederationПредставительство Mеждународного центра улучшения кукурузы и пшеницы в Центральной Азии и Закавказье (CIMMYT)ТурцияInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)Turkey201730102017215515522Copyright © Евдокимов М.Г., Юсов В.С., Моргунов А.И., Зеленский Ю.И., 20172017Евдокимов М.Г., Юсов В.С., Моргунов А.И., Зеленский Ю.И.Evdokimov M.G., Yusov V.S., Morgounov A.I., Zelensky Y.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1132

В условиях Западной Сибири и Северного Казахстана в течение вегетационного периода часто проявляются засухи различных видов. В связи с этим большое значение имеют сорта, адаптивные к климатическим зонам, с повышенной засухоустойчивостью и высокой стабильностью. Эффективность и скорость селекции по этим направлениям зависят от количества информации, характеризующей генотипы, поступающей в каждом цикле исследований. Увеличение такого «потока» информации за один год достигается системной организацией сортоиспытаний по экологическим пунктам, различающимся динамикой и стрессовой нагрузкой метеофакторов. Основная цель работы заключается в следующем: с использованием результатов экологических испытаний в системе КАСИБ (Казахстанско-Сибирская сеть по селекции яровой пшеницы) дифференцировать селекционный материал научных учреждений Сибири и Казахстана и сформировать исходный материал по засухоустойчивости. На протяжении 2000–2015 гг. проведено изучение генофонда яровой твердой пшеницы КАСИБ в экологических пунктах Казахстана и России. Отмечен прогресс в селекции яровой твердой пшеницы в селекционных учреждениях России и Казахстана. Выделены генотипы, представляющие интерес по засухоустойчивости, урожайности и ее стабильности и пластичности при создании сортов в условиях Казахстана и Сибири. Для практической селекции на засухоустойчивость рекомендуются сорта и линии твердой пшеницы – 383-МС, 452-МС, Каргала 303, Каргала 447, Каргала 24, Каргала 1515/06, Каргала 1516/06, Каргала 69, Каргала 1538, Каргала 1540, Каргала 1539, Каргала 1671, Каргала 1411 (Актюбинская СХОС), Гордеиформе 91-25-5, Гордеиформе 91-22-2, Жемчужина Сибири, Гордеиформе 94-94-13, Гордеиформе 98-42-1, Гордеиформе 01-121-3, Гордеиформе 02-156-1 (Сибирский НИИСХ), Алтын шыгыс, Алтын дала, линия Г1549 (Карабалыкская СХОС), Гордеиформе 373, Гордеиформе 627 (Алтайский НИИСХ), 17394, 18053, Наурыз-6 (Казахский научно-призводственный центр земледелия и растениеводства), Коллективная 2, ТС-15 (Курганский НИИСХ), линия 653д-4 (Самарский НИИСХ).

Drought during the wheat vegetative period happens often in West Siberia and Kazakhstan condition. For this reason, varieties with adaptation to climatic zones, drought tolerance and high stability have high importance. The breeding efficiency and rates depend on the amount of information on genotypes in every study cycle. The aim of this study was to screen breeding material in Siberian and Kazakhstan research institutes from KASIB nurseries for drought tolerance and to develop a drought tolerant pool. For the evaluation of genotypes, it is necessary to study them in diverse condition. The basic purpose of the present work is to study breading material of durum wheat from KASIB institutions at different ecological sites. In 2000–2015, durum wheat entries in the Kazakhstan-Siberian program were studied. Progress in durum wheat breeding was tested in Russian and Kazakhstan institutes. Entries were screened for drought tolerance, yield and yield stability. They have value for including in hybridization for developing varieties with adaptation to Siberian and Kazakhstan conditions. The following varieties and lines are recommended for breading for drought tolerance: 383-МС, 452-МС, Каrgala 303, Каrgala 447, Каrgalа 24, Каrgala 1515/06, Каrgala 1516/06, Каrgala 69, Каrgala 1538, Каrgalа 1540, Каrgalа 1539, Kargalа 1671, Каrgalа 1411 (Акtubinsk Agricultural Experimental Station), Hordeiforme 91-25-5, Hordeiforme 91-22-2, Jemthujina Sibiri, Hordeiforme 94-94-13, Hordeiforme 98-42-1, Hordeiforme 01-121-3, Hordeiforme 02-156-1 (Siberian Research Agricultural Institute), Аltin schigis, Аltin dala, Line Г1549 (Каrabalyk Experimental Station), Hordeiforme 373, Hordeiforme 627 (Altai Research Agricultural Institute), 17394, 18053, Nauriz-6 (Кazakh Research-Production Center of Agriculture and Plant Growing), Коllektivnaya 2, ТС-15 (Kurgan Research Agricultural Institute), Line 653d-4 (Sаmara Research Agricultural Institute).

сортлиниягенофондзасухоустойчивостьстабильностьадаптивностьvarietylinegene pooldrought tolerancestabilityadaptivityReferencesClarke J., Romagosa I., Jana S. Relationship of excised – leaf water loss rate and yield of durum wheat in diverse enviropments. Canad. J. Plant Sci. 1989;69(4):1075-1081.Clarke J., Romagosa I., Jana S. Relationship of excised – leaf water loss rate and yield of durum wheat in diverse enviropments. Canad. J. Plant Sci. 1989;69(4):1075-1081.Dospechov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methods of Field Experiments]. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1973.Dospechov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methods of Field Experiments]. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1973.Eberhart S.A., Russel W.A. Stability parametrs for comparing varieties. Crop Sci. 1966;6(1):36-40.Eberhart S.A., Russel W.A. Stability parametrs for comparing varieties. Crop Sci. 1966;6(1):36-40.Ehdaie B., Waines J. Yield potential and stress susceptibility of durum landraces in ponstress and stress environments. Proc. 7th Int. Wheat Genet. Symp. Cambridge. 1988;2:811-815.Ehdaie B., Waines J. Yield potential and stress susceptibility of durum landraces in ponstress and stress environments. Proc. 7th Int. Wheat Genet. Symp. Cambridge. 1988;2:811-815.Evdokimov M.G., Yusov V.S., Zhorov A.A., Kolmakov Y.V., Meshkova L.V. Results of complex research of durum spring wheat in West Siberia for the KASIB program. Agromeridian = Agromeridian. 2008;4(10):19-28.Evdokimov M.G., Yusov V.S., Zhorov A.A., Kolmakov Y.V., Meshkova L.V. Results of complex research of durum spring wheat in West Siberia for the KASIB program. Agromeridian = Agromeridian. 2008;4(10):19-28.Genkel P.A. Fiziologiya zharo- i zasukhoustoychivosti rasteniy [Physiology of Heat and Drought Tolerance in Plants]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1982.Genkel P.A. Fiziologiya zharo- i zasukhoustoychivosti rasteniy [Physiology of Heat and Drought Tolerance in Plants]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1982.Golovotchenko A.P. Osobennosti adaptivnoy selektsii yarovoy myagkoy pshenitsy v lesostepnoy zone Srednego Povolzhya [Adaptive Breeding of Spring Bread Wheat in the Forest Steppe of the Middle Volga Region]. Kinel, 2001. Grabovets A.I., Fomenko M.A. Improving wheat breeding methodology under insufficient moistening. Zernobobovye i krupyanye kultury = Legumes and Groat Crops. 2016;2(18):48-53.Golovotchenko A.P. Osobennosti adaptivnoy selektsii yarovoy myagkoy pshenitsy v lesostepnoy zone Srednego Povolzhya [Adaptive Breeding of Spring Bread Wheat in the Forest Steppe of the Middle Volga Region]. Kinel, 2001. Grabovets A.I., Fomenko M.A. Improving wheat breeding methodology under insufficient moistening. Zernobobovye i krupyanye kultury = Legumes and Groat Crops. 2016;2(18):48-53.Gumnuluri S., Hobbs S.L., Jana S. Physiological responses of drought tolerant and drought susceptible durum wheat genotypes. Photosynthetica. 1989;23(4):479-485.Gumnuluri S., Hobbs S.L., Jana S. Physiological responses of drought tolerant and drought susceptible durum wheat genotypes. Photosynthetica. 1989;23(4):479-485.Havaux M., Ernes M., Lannoye R. Correlation between heat tolerance and drought tolerance in cereals demonstrated by rapid chlorophyll fluorescence. J. Plant Physiol. 1988;133(5):555-560.Havaux M., Ernes M., Lannoye R. Correlation between heat tolerance and drought tolerance in cereals demonstrated by rapid chlorophyll fluorescence. J. Plant Physiol. 1988;133(5):555-560.Jaradat A., Konzak C. Screening of wheat genotypes for brought tolerance. 1. Excised-leaf water retention. Cereal Res. Commun. 1983; 11(3-4):179-186.Jaradat A., Konzak C. Screening of wheat genotypes for brought tolerance. 1. Excised-leaf water retention. Cereal Res. Commun. 1983; 11(3-4):179-186.Kozhushko N.N., Vasiltchuk N.S., Chernyshova S.V., Andreeva A.F. Drought tolerance of durum wheat of different ecogeographical origins in the Lower Volga region. Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii = Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics, and Breeding. 1990;134:101-106.Kozhushko N.N., Vasiltchuk N.S., Chernyshova S.V., Andreeva A.F. Drought tolerance of durum wheat of different ecogeographical origins in the Lower Volga region. Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii = Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics, and Breeding. 1990;134:101-106.Kubaily S., Borodina S.A., Semenova L.V. Salt tolerance and drought– heat resistance of bread and durum wheat accessions. Nauchnotekhnicheskiy byulleten VNII rastenievodstva = Scientific and Technological Bulletin of the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry. 1990; 206:66-67.Kubaily S., Borodina S.A., Semenova L.V. Salt tolerance and drought– heat resistance of bread and durum wheat accessions. Nauchnotekhnicheskiy byulleten VNII rastenievodstva = Scientific and Technological Bulletin of the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry. 1990; 206:66-67.Kumakov V.A. Fiziologiya yarovoy pshenitsy [Physiology of Spring Wheat]. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1980.Kumakov V.A. Fiziologiya yarovoy pshenitsy [Physiology of Spring Wheat]. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1980.Lepekhov S.B., Korobeinikov N.I. Field and agronomical drought tolerance of breed wheat varieties in the forest-steppe of the Altai Krai. Vestnik Altayskogo Gosudarstvennogo Agrarnogo Universiteta = Bulletin of the Altai State Agricultural University. 2013;1(99):9-12.Lepekhov S.B., Korobeinikov N.I. Field and agronomical drought tolerance of breed wheat varieties in the forest-steppe of the Altai Krai. Vestnik Altayskogo Gosudarstvennogo Agrarnogo Universiteta = Bulletin of the Altai State Agricultural University. 2013;1(99):9-12.Malchikov P.N., Myasnikova M.G. Approaches to the development of durum wheat cultivars (Triticum durum Desf.) with wide variability of the growing season. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2015;19(2):176-184.Malchikov P.N., Myasnikova M.G. Approaches to the development of durum wheat cultivars (Triticum durum Desf.) with wide variability of the growing season. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2015;19(2):176-184.Malchikov P.N., Myasnikova M.G., Oganyan T.V. Durum wheat biotypes for the Middle Volga and Ural regions. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, 9–10 avgusta 2016 g., Astana-Shortandy “Zemledelie i selektsiya selskokhozyaystvennykh rasteniy na sovremennom etape” [Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference “Current State of Crop Agriculture and Breeding”, Astana–Shortandy, Aug. 9–10, 2016]. 2016;2:252-255.Malchikov P.N., Myasnikova M.G., Oganyan T.V. Durum wheat biotypes for the Middle Volga and Ural regions. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, 9–10 avgusta 2016 g., Astana-Shortandy “Zemledelie i selektsiya selskokhozyaystvennykh rasteniy na sovremennom etape” [Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference “Current State of Crop Agriculture and Breeding”, Astana–Shortandy, Aug. 9–10, 2016]. 2016;2:252-255.Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu mirovoy kollektsii pshenitsy: metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Guidelines on the study of the worldwide wheat collection]. Leningrad: Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry Publ., 1999.Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu mirovoy kollektsii pshenitsy: metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Guidelines on the study of the worldwide wheat collection]. Leningrad: Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry Publ., 1999.Morgounov A.I. Results and potential of the collaboration in the Kazakhstan-Siberian wheat breeding network. Vestnik regionalnoy seti po vnedreniyu sortov pshenitsy i semenovodstvu = Bulletin of the Regional Network for Wheat Variety Introduction and Seed Production. Almaty, 2003;1(4):7-15.Morgounov A.I. Results and potential of the collaboration in the Kazakhstan-Siberian wheat breeding network. Vestnik regionalnoy seti po vnedreniyu sortov pshenitsy i semenovodstvu = Bulletin of the Regional Network for Wheat Variety Introduction and Seed Production. Almaty, 2003;1(4):7-15.Rajaram S. Is conventional plant breeding still relevant? Increasing wheat production in Central Asia through science and international cooperation. Proc. First Central Asia Wheat Conf. Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2003;1-4.Rajaram S. Is conventional plant breeding still relevant? Increasing wheat production in Central Asia through science and international cooperation. Proc. First Central Asia Wheat Conf. Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2003;1-4.Udovenko G.V. Diagnostika ustoychivosti rasteniy k stressovym vozdeystviyam [Diagnostics of Plant Resistance to Stress]. Leningrad: Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry Publ.,1988.Udovenko G.V. Diagnostika ustoychivosti rasteniy k stressovym vozdeystviyam [Diagnostics of Plant Resistance to Stress]. Leningrad: Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry Publ.,1988.Venora G., Calcagno F. Influence of the vascular system in Triticum durum Desf. on drought adaptation. Cereal Res. Commun. 1991;19(3): 319-326.Venora G., Calcagno F. Influence of the vascular system in Triticum durum Desf. on drought adaptation. Cereal Res. Commun. 1991;19(3): 319-326.Yanchenko V.I., Rozova M.A., Melnik V.M. Development of highly adaptive varieties of the Siberian ecotype using the gene pool of drought-resistant durum spring wheat. Vestnik regionalnoy seti po vnedreniyu sortov pshenitsy i semenovodstvu = Bulletin of the Regional Network for Wheat Variety Introduction and Seed Production. Almaty, 2004;1-2(7-8):31-36.Yanchenko V.I., Rozova M.A., Melnik V.M. Development of highly adaptive varieties of the Siberian ecotype using the gene pool of drought-resistant durum spring wheat. Vestnik regionalnoy seti po vnedreniyu sortov pshenitsy i semenovodstvu = Bulletin of the Regional Network for Wheat Variety Introduction and Seed Production. Almaty, 2004;1-2(7-8):31-36.Zykin V.A., Meshkov V.V., Sapega V.A. Parametry ekologicheskoy plastichnosti selskokhozyaystvennykh rasteniy, ikh raschet i analiz [Parameters of Ecological Flexibility in Agricultural Plants: Calculation and Analysis]. Novosibirsk, 1984.Zykin V.A., Meshkov V.V., Sapega V.A. Parametry ekologicheskoy plastichnosti selskokhozyaystvennykh rasteniy, ikh raschet i analiz [Parameters of Ecological Flexibility in Agricultural Plants: Calculation and Analysis]. Novosibirsk, 1984.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.