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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.273</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ, КАЧЕСТВО, ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И СТРЕССОУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENETICS AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль условий среды пренатального роста плодов в формировании массы новорожденной особи у домашних свиней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of prenatal environmental conditions on the weight of newborn domestic pigs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермолаев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermolayev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет, кафедра разведения, кормления и частной зоотехнии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>569</fpage><lpage>575</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитин С.В., Князев С.П., Ермолаев В.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитин С.В., Князев С.П., Ермолаев В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitin S.V., Knyazev S.P., Ermolayev V.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1142">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1142</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время массу новорожденной особи у домашних свиней не причисляют к селекционно-значимым хозяйственно ценным континуальным количественным признакам сельскохозяйственных животных, хотя она и обладает всеми необходимыми для этого атрибутами. Последнее, в совокупности с тем, что масса новорожденного поросенка не подвергается стандартизирующему отбору, делает ее удобной моделью для изучения особенностей данной группы признаков. Настоящее исследование показало, что относительный вклад условий среды пренатального роста плодов в вариацию массы новорожденных поросят составляет 0.4717, генотипической компоненты – 0.4032, взаимодействия условий среды с неоднозначностью связи генотип–фенотип – 0.0846, неопределенности фенотипической реализации генотипов однопомётников – 0.0405. Вероятно, среди факторов, формирующих условия среды пренатального роста, главную роль играет материнский ресурс, направляемый на рост и развитие плодов. Ресурс этот ограничен, а так как делится он между всеми плодами, то, чем их больше, тем меньше доля отдельного индивидуума. Как следствие, должен существовать верхний предел значений признака, который и будет определять среднюю массу новорожденной особи в помёте. Зависимость массы новорожденной особи у домашних свиней от условий пренатального роста плодов существенно сказывается на оценке успешности прогнозирования параметров данного признака. Оказывается, что для прогнозирования среднего значения и стандартного отклонения массы новорожденной особи у домашних свиней, соблюдение идентичности условий среды имеет большее значение, чем идентичность генотипов в исходной и результативной (прогнозируемой) группах особей. Положительный эффект идентичности условий среды превосходит в четыре раза эффект идентичности среднего генотипа группы при прогнозе среднего значения и в полтора раза – при прогнозе стандартного отклонения. Поскольку многие количественные продуктивные признаки, подобно массе новорожденной особи у домашних свиней, имеют одностороннее ограничение диапазона вариации, неудивительно, что соблюдению условий содержания сельскохозяйственных животных уделяется внимания не меньше, чем собственно селекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The weight of newborn piglets in domestic pigs depends on the maternal environment. Using an original algorithm based on the comparison of the coefficients of correlation between the half-nests (the same average genotype and the same conditions of the embryonic environment) and the twin sockets (the same genotype, different conditions of the embryonic environment), it was possible to estimate the relative contribution of the various components to the weight of the newborn in the domestic pigs. Our investigation found that the relative contribution of environmental conditions during prenatal development into newborn weight variation is equal to 0.4717, the contribution of genotypic component is 0.4032; the contribution of interaction between environmental conditions and ambivalence of the “genotype–phenotype” relationships is 0.0846, indeterminacy of phenotypic realization of the littermate’s genotypes is 0.0405. Maternal resource plays the main role amongst factors forming the environmental conditions of prenatal development. The gene pool will remain unchanged in any number of generations, despite a change in the population parameters of the trait. In principle, it can be assumed that when a population reaches a certain level, when the mean value of the trait and the gene pool are optimal (the selection pressure vectors are mutually balanced), selection becomes less effective in transforming the average phenotype than changing environmental conditions. Obviously, therefore, livestock maintenance and feeding are paid as much attention as breeding, and breeds of farmed animals are zoned.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>условия среды</kwd><kwd>пренатальный рост</kwd><kwd>масса новорожденной особи</kwd><kwd>домашние свиньи</kwd><kwd>коэффициент повторяемости</kwd><kwd>успешность прогнозирования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>environment conditions</kwd><kwd>prenathal development</kwd><kwd>newborn weigh</kwd><kwd>domestic pigs</kwd><kwd>coefficient of repeatability</kwd><kwd>forecast’s successfullness</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>State Budgeted Project 0324-2015-0004</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersen I.L., Nævdal E., Bøe K.E. 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