vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ17.274vavilov-1143Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНАPOPULATION GENETICSПолиморфизм генов глутатион-S-трансфераз в этнических группах, проживающих на территории Восточной СибириGlutathione S-transferase polymorphism in ethnic groups living in Eastern SiberiaБеляеваЕ. В.BelyaevaE. V.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

belyeva_irk@mail.ruЕршоваО. А.YershovaO. A.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

АстаховаТ. А.AstahovaT. A.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

БугунО. В.BugunO. V.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человекаРоссияScientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction ProblemsRussian Federation201701112017215576580Copyright © Беляева Е.В., Ершова О.А., Астахова Т.А., Бугун О.В., 20172017Беляева Е.В., Ершова О.А., Астахова Т.А., Бугун О.В.Belyaeva E.V., Yershova O.A., Astahova T.A., Bugun O.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1143

Роль глутатион-S-трансфераз в жизнедеятельности клетки и всего организма связана с их участием в процессах детоксикации ксенобиотиков и антиоксидантной защите. Генетическая вариабельность генов глутатион-S-трансфераз проявляется в различной ферментативной активности соответствующих белковых продуктов. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ частоты аллелей и генотипов трех генов суперсемейства глутатион-S-трансфераз (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) у подростков из двух этнических групп – русских и бурят. Для этого было проведено генотипирование образцов ДНК методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Показано, что между сравниваемыми группами подростков наблюдаются статистически значимые различия по частоте встречаемости аллелей A, B, C гена GSTP1 (р = 0.026). Аллель «дикого» типа A, кодирующий «активный» вариант фермента, чаще встречается у коренного населения, в этногруппе бурят (p = 0.012). Аллель В, продуктом которого является «медленный» вариант фермента, напротив, чаще отмечается у пришлого населения, в этногруппе русских (р = 0.014). По генам GSTM1 и GSTT1 статистически значимых различий по частоте встречаемости «нулевых» и «функциональных» генотипов между сравниваемыми группами не обнаружено. Тем не менее отмечена тенденция увеличения частоты «нулевого» генотипа гена GSTM1 у пришлого населения; кроме этого, частота «нулевого» генотипа одновременно по двум генам, GSTM1 и GSTT1, в этногруппе русских почти в два раза больше. Полученные данные позволяют высказать предположение о том, что в этногруппе бурят, которая относится к коренному населению Восточной Сибири, лучше сформированы адаптационные механизмы, позволяющие глутатион-S-трансферазам эффективно защищать клетку от токсического действия эндогенных и зкзогенных соединений.

The role of glutathione S-transferase for the life of the cell and the entire organism is related to their participation in the processes of detoxification of xenobiotics and antioxidant protection. Genetic variability of glutathione S-transferases appears in the form of different enzymatic activity of the corresponding protein products. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted on the frequency of genotypes of three genes in the glutathione S-transferases gene superfamily (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) from representatives of two ethnic groups, Russian and Buryat. To this end, genetic typing of DNA samples was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of alleles A, B, C of the GSTP1 gene (р = 0.026) were found between the groups of teenagers compared. It was found that the frequency of the allele A, which codes for the active variant enzyme, is significantly higher in the Buryat ethnic group (p = 0.012). The allele B, the product of which is a “slow” version of the enzyme, was significantly more common in the Russian ethnic group (p = 0.014). In the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, no statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of “zero” and “functional” genotypes between the compared groups of teenagers were found. However, there was a tendency to increase in the frequency of the “zero” genotype of the GSTM1 gene in the Russian ethnic group. In addition, the frequency of the “zero” genotype in two genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 at once was almost two times higher in the Russian ethnic group than in the Buryat ethnic group.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.