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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.280</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ювенильные окраски мини-свиней селекции ИЦиГ СО РАН</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Juvenile coat colours in mini-pigs at ICG</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохин</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhin</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаренко</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharenko</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Запорожец</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaporozhets</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермолаев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermolayev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nsv1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, Новосибирск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный аграрный&#13;
университет», кафедра разведения, кормления и частной зоотехнии, Новосибирск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Российской академии наук, Новосибирская область, пос. Краснообск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Bio Tecnologies RAS,&#13;
Novosibirsk region, Krasnoobsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>638</fpage><lpage>645</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитин С.В., Князев С.П., Шатохин К.С., Гончаренко Г.М., Запорожец В.И., Ермолаев В.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитин С.В., Князев С.П., Шатохин К.С., Гончаренко Г.М., Запорожец В.И., Ермолаев В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitin S.V., Knyazev S.P., Shatokhin K.S., Goncharenko G.M., Zaporozhets V.I., Ermolayev V.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1182">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1182</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая работа продолжает начатое в предыдущем исследовании изучение расцветок мини-свиней селекции ИЦиГ СО РАН. Она тоже носит феноменологический характер, но рассматривается ювенильная окраска, которая является обязательным онтогенетическим элементом масти дикого типа (агути) у свиней вида Sus scrofa L. Однако у мини-свиней ИЦиГ, кроме особей масти дикого типа, ювенильной окраской обладают и поросята черно-пестрой масти. Следует заметить, что данных о подобном явлении у свиней черно-пестрой масти в литературе найти не удалось. Предположено, что своеобразная ювенильная окраска черно-пестрых мини- свиней ИЦиГ – следствие повышенного синтеза пигментов волосяного покрова, интенсивность которого, очевидно, превышает показатели как у дикого кабана, так и у домашних свиней. Показано, что у поросят мини-свиней ИЦиГ масти дикого типа цветовая гамма и рисунок ювенильной ливреи не соответствуют нормальным для дикого кабана. Новорожденные поросята у мини-свиней ИЦиГ масти дикого типа, как правило, имеют либо избыток желтого (оранжевого, коричневого) пигмента, что делает рисунок ювенильной ливреи размытым, неконтрастным, либо его недостаток, в результате чего они окрашены в серый или серо-голубой цвет с темно-серыми продольными полосками. Сам рисунок ювенильной ливреи у поросят мини-свиней ИЦиГ нарушен. Как правило, вместо продольно-полосатого имеет место сетчатый рисунок ливреи. Поэтому наблюдаемую у мини-свиней ИЦиГ масть, подобную агути, следует называть более корректно – масть псевдодикого типа. Предположено, что благодаря специально спланированным скрещиваниям удалось «вывести на поверхность» генетический груз мутаций в комплексе аллелей, принимающих участие в формировании масти дикого типа, и накопившийся в популяции, не подвергавшейся стабилизирующему отбору по этой архаичной для домашних свиней расцветке. Накопление этого генетического груза у мини-свиней стало возможным благодаря гипостатичности масти дикого типа по отношению к эпистатичным окраскам, стандартным для современных коммерческих заводских пород.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article continues a previous study colors in minipigs at ICG. It also has a phenomenological character, but it consideres juvenile colour, which is an integral element of the ontogenetic formation of the suit, wild type agouti pigs of the species Sus scrofa L. However, in ICG mini pigs, in addition to individuals with the suit of the wild type, juvenile colour is a feature of pigs with the black spotted suit. It should be noted that data about a similar phenomenon in pigs with black spotted colour were not found in the literature. We proposed that a unique juvenile colour of black spotted mini-pigs ICG is a consequence of increased synthesis of pigments of hair, the intensity of which obviously exceeds the performance by the wild boar and domestic pigs. Newborn piglets of mini pigs ICG of the colour of the wild type typically have too little or too much yellow (orange, brown) pigment, which makes the figure of juvenile livery blurry – low contrast, or the lack of it, with the result that they are gray or gray-blue color with dark gray longitudinal stripes. The pattern of juvenile livery piglets of mini pigs ICG is disrupted. As a rule, instead of a longitudinal stripe, a mesh pattern livery is observed. Therefore, the agouti like colour observed in mini-pigs ICG should rather be called more properly pseudowild type. It was suggested that the specially planned crosses were able to “reveal” the genetic load of mutations in the complex of alleles involved in the formation of the suit of the wild type and accumulated in the population, not exposed to stabilizing selection on this archaic for domestic pigs’ colour. The accumulation of this genetic cargo at the mini-pigs was made possible by gipostatic suit wild type relative to epistatic colour standard for modern commercial plant breeds.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мини-свиньи</kwd><kwd>ювенильная ливрея</kwd><kwd>масть дикого типа</kwd><kwd>агути</kwd><kwd>масть черно-пестрая</kwd><kwd>синтез пигментов</kwd><kwd>локусы масти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mini pigs</kwd><kwd>juvenile livery</kwd><kwd>colour of the wild type</kwd><kwd>agouti</kwd><kwd>black spotted colour</kwd><kwd>the synthesis of the pigments</kwd><kwd>the loci of the colour</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersson L., Plastow G. Molecular genetics of coat colour variation. The Genetics of the Pig. Ed. by M.F. Rothschild, A. Ruvinsky. CAB International. 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