References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ17.285

vavilov-1188

Research Article

ГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКА

PLANT GENETICS AND BREEDING

Скрининг сортов и гибридов огурца для выявления источников устойчивости к пероноспорозу

Screening of cucumber varieties and hybrids for selection of downy mildew resistance sources

Амирханова

Н. Т.

Amirkhanova

N. T.

n.amirkhanova@mail.ru

Рсалиев

А. С.

Rsaliyev

A. S.

aralbek@mail.ru

Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности, Жамбылская областьКазахстанResearch Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambyl regionKazakhstan

2017

29112017

216677685

2017

Амирханова Н.Т., Рсалиев А.С.

Amirkhanova N.T., Rsaliyev A.S.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1188

Пероноспороз (возбудитель – Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostowz) относится к наиболее вредоносным болезням огурца в Казахстане. Одна из причин возрастающей вредоносности P. cubensis – высокая изменчивость гриба, приводящая к возникновению новых агрессивных патотипов и, соответственно, к потере устойчивости ряда сортов огурца. Цель исследований – провести иммунологическую оценку сортов и гибридов огурца из 18 стран мира к казахстанской популяции гриба и определить уровень их устойчивости на фоне искусственного заражения, а также выделить стабильные источники устойчивости огурца к болезни. В открытом грунте изучали устойчивость к пероноспорозу 80 образцов огурца казахстанского, узбекистанского, таджикистанского, турецкого, индийского, сербского, российского, украинского, американского, молдавского, германского, нидерландского, итальянского, французского, израильского, китайского, тайваньского и южнокорейского происхождения. Для заражения была использована синтетическая популяция возбудителя пероноспороза огурца. В результате исследований в 2015–2016 гг. среди изученных образцов выделено 29 (36.2 %) сортов и гибридов огурца, проявляющих высокую степень полевой устойчивости к данному патогену. Устойчивыми оказались 9 (11.2 %), среднеустойчивыми – 3 (3.8 %), восприимчивыми – 3 (3.8 %), высоковосприимчивыми – 36 (45.0 %) образцов различного происхождения. Устойчивые образцы сравнительно часто встречались среди материалов Казахстана и Нидерландов. Внедрение и возделывание устойчивых сортов огурца в производстве позволит сократить применение химических средств защиты, получать экологически чистую сельхозпродукцию и избежать загрязнения экосистем.

Cucumber downy mildew (causative agent – Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostowz) is one of the most harmful diseases of cucumbers in Kazakhstan. High variability of the fungus leading to the emergence of new aggressive pathotypes and consequently to loss of resistance by some crop cultivars causes ever-growing harmfulness of P. cubensis. The goal of the research is to carry out immunological evaluation of cucumber varieties and hybrids from 18 countries to Kazakhstanean population of the fungus and to assess their resistance against the background of artificial inoculation as well as to find stable sources of crop resistance to the disease. Eighty cucumber cultivars from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, India, Serbia, Russia, Ukraine, USA, Moldova, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, France, Israel, China, Taiwan and South Korea were tested for their resistance to the downy mildew in the field. Synthetic population of the cucumber downy mildew agent was used for inoculation. The studies in 2015–2016 resulted in the detection of 29 (36.2 %) cucumber varieties and hybrids that demonstrated a high rate of field resistance to the pathogen. Nine (11.2 %) varieties and hybrids appeared to be resistant, three (3.8 %) were moderately resistant, three (3.8 %) were susceptible, and 36 (45.0 %) cultivars of different origin appeared to be highly susceptible. Resistant cultivars were rather frequent among materials from Kazakhstan and Netherlands. Adoption and cultivation of resistant cucumber varieties will allow reducing application of chemical protection means, producing ecologically safe farm produce and avoiding pollution of ecosystems.

огурцыпероноспорозPseudoperonospora cubensisсортгибридустойчивостьвосприимчивость

cucumberdowny mildewPseudoperonospora cubensisvarietyhybridresistancesusceptibility

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.