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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.288</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА И КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MOLECULAR GENETICS AND CELL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Получение индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток американской норки: протокол</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Generation of American mink induced pluripotent stem cells: a protocol</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пристяжнюк</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pristyazhnyuk</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">menzorov@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мензоров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Menzorov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">menzorov@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, Новосибирск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, Новосибирск;&#13;
Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет, Новосибирск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk;&#13;
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>701</fpage><lpage>709</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пристяжнюк И.Е., Мензоров А.Г., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пристяжнюк И.Е., Мензоров А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pristyazhnyuk I.E., Menzorov A.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1191">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1191</self-uri><abstract><p>Возможность репрограммирования генома млекопитающих активно исследуется более полувека. В 1962 г. Гёрдон впервые показал возможность репрограммирования генома дифференцированной клетки факторами энуклеированного ооцита. В 2006 г. Яманака получил индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки (ИПСК) мыши из фибробластов с помощью всего лишь четырех транскрипционных факторов: Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 и c-Myc. Получение ИПСК поставило вопрос о полноте репрограммирования: остаются ли активными гены, экспрессирующиеся в исходных фибробластах?  И насколько характеристики ИПСК соответствует эмбриональным стволовым (ЭС) клеткам, которые в данном случае являются стандартом. В настоящее время ИПСК получены для десятков видов животных, однако ЭС клетки – менее чем для двадцати. В 1993 г. в Институте цитологии и генетики СО РАН были получены ЭС клетки ценного пушного зверя – американской норки (Neovison vison), благодаря чему появилась уникальная возможность сравнить индуцированные и полученные из эмбриона плюрипотентные клетки. В 2015 г. нами получены ИПСК американской норки и показано репрограммирование генома фибробластов на уровне анализа экспрессии генов: часть генов была успешно репрограммирована, часть имела промежуточную между фибробластами и ЭС  клетками экспрессию, часть не репрограммировалась, и наконец, присутствовали гены, экспрессия которых отличалась от обоих типов клеток. Таким образом, еще для одного вида животных стало возможным изучать плюрипотентность и дифференцировку на двух типах плюрипотентных клеток: ЭС и ИПСК. В настоящей статье представлен подробный протокол получения ИПСК американской норки с использованием векторов, несущих гены OCT4, KLF4, SOX2 и c­MYC человека. Кратко описан необходимый набор методов анализа: морфология ИПСК, цитогенетический анализ, полимеразная цепная реакция с обратной транскрипцией на присутствие «маркирующих» плюрипотентность генов и тест на формирование тератом в иммунодефицитных мышах. Данный протокол позволяет воспроизводимо и эффективно получать ИПСК из фибробластов американской норки.</p><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mammalian genome reprogramming has been studied for more than half a century. First, Sir John Gurdon showed the possibility of diﬀerentiated cell genome reprogramming by enucleated oocyte factors in 1962. Dr. Shinya Yamanaka produced induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse ﬁbroblasts by the use of just four transcription factors in 2006: Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc. Generation of iPS cells put a question about the reprogramming completeness: do genes derived from ﬁbroblasts retain their expression? And are the features of iPS cells in compliance with those of embryonic stem (ES) cells that serve as a standard? To date, iPS cells have been produced for tens of species, while ES cells, for less than twenty. In 1993 American mink (Neovison vison) ES cells were produced in the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. That created a unique opportunity for comparison of induced and embryo-derived pluripotent cells. In 2015 we produced American mink iPS cells and showed ﬁbro-blast genome reprogramming at the level of gene expression and divided genes into four groups: reprogrammed, with intermediate expression, non-reprogrammed, and the ones with a “novel” expression pattern. Thus, an opportunity to study pluripotency and diﬀerentiation on two pluripotent cell types, ES and iPS cells, was added for one more species. In this article we present a detailed protocol for generation of American mink iPS cells with human OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c­MYC genes. In addition, we brieﬂy describe necessary methods for their analysis: morphology, cytogenetic analysis, PCR with reverse transcription for the presence of pluripotency “marker” genes, and teratoma formation test in immunodeﬁcient mice. This protocol allows reliable and efficient generation of American mink iPS cells from embryonic ﬁbroblasts.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ИПСК</kwd><kwd>плюрипотентность</kwd><kwd>Neovison vison</kwd><kwd>американская норка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iPS cells</kwd><kwd>pluripotency</kwd><kwd>Neovison vison</kwd><kwd>American mink</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baird A., Barsby T., Guest D.J. Derivation of canine induced pluripo-tent stem cells. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 2015;50(4):669-676. DOI 10.1111/rda.12562.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baird A., Barsby T., Guest D.J. Derivation of canine induced pluripo-tent stem cells. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 2015;50(4):669-676. 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