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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.308</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРУКТУРА И ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ МАКРОМОЛЕКУЛ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STRUCTURE AND INTERACTION OF MACROMOLECULES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кватернионное моделирование траектории спирали для анализа формы молекулы ДНК</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quaternion modeling of the helical path for analysis of the shape of the DNA molecule</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мутерко</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muterko</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>878</fpage><lpage>886</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мутерко А.Ф., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мутерко А.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muterko A.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1262">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1262</self-uri><abstract><p>Пространственная организация, форма молекулы ДНК являются ключевой характеристикой, определяющей ее функциональную специфичность и природу межмолекулярных взаимодействий. Специфическая форма, которую молекула ДНК принимает при определенных условиях, обусловлена ее микромеханическими и структурными особенностями, зависящими от последовательности нуклеотидов. Следовательно, отдельные характеристики формы ДНК могут быть прогнозированы. Предложен ряд моделей для описания внутренней кривизны ДНК, включа ющий набор геометрических параметров двойной спирали, при­  меняемых при компьютерной реконструкции пространственных структур. С другой стороны, необходимые пара метры пар оснований можно рассчитать исходя из общедоступной информации атомной структуры ДНК. Принимая пары оснований как твердые тела, их относительное распо ложение в пространстве можно оценить по полученным параметрам. Матрицы являются наиболее распространенным способом реализации преобразований твердого тела и широко используются в моделировании формы ДНК. Более простая и надежная альтернатива матрицам – кватернионы. Единичные кватернионы представляют только поворот, тогда как двойные кватернионы объединяют в себе и поворот, и смещение. В настоящем руководстве алгебра единичных и двойных кватернионов впервые применена для моделирования траектории молекулы ДНК исходя из конформационных параметров динуклеотидных шагов. Хотя использование двойных кватернионов опти мально для детального моделирования структуры, единич ные кватернионы достаточны для прогнозирования траек тории двойной спирали и последующих расчетов ее простран­  ственных характеристик. Обсуждаются широко используемые, а также оригинальные алгоритмы вычисления кривизны, радиуса гирации, персистентной длины и фазирования статических изгибов для анализа формы молекулы, вычисления статистики полимерной цепи и прогнозирования микромеханических свойств на основе координат траектории ДНК­спирали. Приведенные алгоритмы будут полезны как в ходе in silico анализа относительно коротких фрагментов ДНК, так и в топологическом картировании полных геномов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The three­dimensional shape of a DNA molecule is a key property influencing its functional specificity and the nature of its molecular interactions. The characteristic shape into which a DNA molecule folds under certain conditions is a manifestation of its micromechanical and structural features, which are sequence­dependent. DNA shape­related properties can there fore be determined in a predictable manner. A number of models have been designed to describe intrinsic DNA curvature, incorporating a set of helical parameters which can be applied to operative three­dimensional reconstruction of the DNA structures. Alternatively, desired base pair parameters can be computed based on publicly available information about atomic DNA structures. Further, taking the base pairs as rigid bodies, their relative location in space can be estimated based on these parameters. Matrices are a common method to implement any rigid body transformations and are widely used in the modeling of DNA structures. Quaternions are the more straightforward and robust alternative for matrices. Unit quaternions can represent only a rotation, whereas dual quaternions combine rotation and translation into a single state. In the present guide, the algebra of unit and dual quaternions is applied for the first time to modeling of the DNA helical path, based on conformational parameters of the base pair steps. Although dual quaternions are preferable for  modeling of DNA structure in detail, the use of unit quaternions is sufficient to predict the DNA trajectory and all calculations of DNA shape features. In order to analyze DNA shape and chain sta ­ tistics, and predict the micromechanical properties of DNA molecules based on coordinates of the helical path, the widely used as well as original algorithms for computing DNA curvature, radius of gyration, persistence length and phasing of DNA bends are described. Taken together, these algorithms will be useful both in the in silico analysis of relatively short DNA fragments as well as in topological mapping of whole genomes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>: кватернионное моделирование</kwd><kwd>структура ДНК</kwd><kwd>кривизна</kwd><kwd>радиус гирации</kwd><kwd>персистентная длина</kwd><kwd>преобразование Фурье</kwd><kwd>фазирование</kwd><kwd>изгибаемость.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>quaternion modeling</kwd><kwd>DNA structure</kwd><kwd>curvature</kwd><kwd>radius of gyration</kwd><kwd>persistence length</kwd><kwd>Fourier transform</kwd><kwd>phasing</kwd><kwd>bending</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babcock M.S., Pednault E.P., Olson W.K. Nucleic acid structure analysis. 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