vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ17.317vavilov-1272Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И ПОПУЛЯЦИОННАЯ ГЕНЕТИКАECOLOGICAL AND POPULATION GENETICSПаразитические организмы родов Nosema, Crithidia и Lotmaria в популяциях пчел и шмелей: исследование в ИндииParasites of the genus Nosema, Crithidia and Lotmaria in the honeybee and bumblebee populations: a case study in IndiaВавиловаВ. Ю.VavilovaV. Y.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

valeriya-vavilova@bionet.nsc.ruКонопацкаяИ. Д.KonopatskaiaI.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

 ЛузянинС. Л.LuzyaninS. L.

Кемерово.

Kemerovo.

ВойцеховскийМ.WoyciechowskiM.

Краков.

Krakow.

БлиновА. Г.BlinovA. G.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS.Russian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет.РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University.Russian FederationИнститут биологии, экологии и природных ресурсов, Кемеровский государственный университет.РоссияInstitute of Biology, Ecology and Natural Resources, Kemerovo State University.Russian FederationИнститут наук об окружающей среде, Ягеллонский университет.РоссияInstitute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University.Russian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Институт систематики и экологии животных Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS; Institute of Systematics and Ecology SB RAS.Russian Federation201720012018218943951Copyright © Вавилова В.Ю., Конопацкая И.Д.,  Лузянин С.Л., Войцеховский М., Блинов А.Г., 20182018Вавилова В.Ю., Конопацкая И.Д.,  Лузянин С.Л., Войцеховский М., Блинов А.Г.Vavilova V.Y., Konopatskaia I., Luzyanin S.L., Woyciechowski M., Blinov A.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1272

В последние десятилетия наблюдается резкое снижение численности популяций медоносных пчел и шмелей на территории большинства стран мира. Вклад в снижение численности данных опылителей вносят различные паразитические организмы (бактерии, грибы, простейшие, нематоды, клещи и насекомые). Паразиты рода Nosema (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) и родов Crithidia и Lotmaria (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) оказывают значительное негативное влияние на численность медоносных пчел и шмелей. В недавних исследованиях, проведенных с использованием ядерных ДНК­маркеров, были описаны новые виды и генетические варианты данных паразитов. Целью настоящей работы являлось установление уровня зараженности медоносных пчел и шмелей микроспоридиями (Nosema spp.) и трипаносоматидами (Crithidia spp. и Lotmaria passim), а также изучение генетической вариабельности этих паразитов на ранее не исследованной территории Индии. В работе проанализировано 119 образцов из четырех видов медоносных пчел и пяти видов шмелей. Уровни зараженности популяций пчел и шмелей паразитическими организмами на территории двух штатов (Джамму и Кашмир, Карнатака) были определены с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции с праймерами, специфичными к кластеру генов  рибосомной РНК Nosema, Crithidia и Lotmaria. Совместное заражение популяций медоносных пчел и шмелей микроспоридиями и трипаносоматидами было зафиксировано на территории штата Джамму и Кашмир. В результате сравнительного анализа нуклеотидных последовательностей кластера генов рибосомной РНК установлено, что в популяциях медоносных пчел на территории Индии были представлены N. bombi, N. ceranae и L. passim. Популяции шмелей были поражены микроспоридией Nosema D и трипаносоматидами Crithidia bombi и Crithidia expoeki. В образцах медоносных пчел, собранных на территории штата Карнатака, паразиты родов Crithidia и Lotmaria не выявлены. В популяции медоносных пчел впервые выявлена микроспоридия N. bombi. Данные о распространении микроспоридий и трипаносоматид в популяциях медоносных пчел и шмелей по всему миру были обобщены и дополнены.

The populations of honeybees and bumblebees have been decreasing around the world in the recent decades. A variety of pathogens and parasites, including  bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, mites and insects play signi ficant role in honeybee and bumblebee colonies loss. Pa rasites of the genus Nosema (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) and the genera Crithidia and Lotmaria (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) have a significant negative impact on honeybee and bumblebee colonies. Recent  studies of nuclear DNA markers of these parasites allowed to describe new species and genetic variants. The aim of this study was to investigate the Microsporidia (Nosema spp.) and Trypanosomatidae (Crithidia spp. and Lotmaria  passim) prevalence and genetic diversity in honeybee and bumble bee populations of Indian territories that haven’t been studied before. In total 119 specimens of 4 honeybee and 5 bumblebee species were analyzed in this study. The prevalence of parasites in honeybee and bumblebee po pulations of the two Indian states (Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka) were identified using PCR with primers specific for the ribosomal RNA genes cluster of Nosema, Crithidia and Lotmaria species. Co­infection by microsporidian and trypanosomatid parasites was detected in several honeybee and bumblebee specimens from Jammu and Kash mir state. Comparative analysis of ribosomal RNA genes sequences showed that honeybee samples from India studied were infected by N. bombi, N. ceranae and L. passim.  Bumblebee populations were infected by Nosema D, Crithidia bombi and Crithidia expoeki. No honeybee’s specimen with trypanosomatid infection was found in Karnataka state. For the first time N. bombi infection was detected in the honeybee population. The studies of distribution of microsporidia and trypanosomatid parasites among the honeybee and bumblebee populations all over the World were summarized and supplemented.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.