vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ18.329vavilov-1360Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ КАРТОФЕЛЯPOTATO GENETICS AND BREEDINGМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЙ СКРИНИНГ СОРТОВ И ГИБРИДОВ КАРТОФЕЛЯ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОЙ ЗОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИMOLECULAR SCREENING OF POTATO VARIETIES BRED IN THE NORTHWESTERN ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERАTIONГавриленкоТ. А.GavrilenkoТ. A.

St. Petersburg

tatjana9972@yandex.ruКлименкоН. С.KlimenkoN. S.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

АнтоноваО. Ю.AntonovaO. Yu.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

ЛебедеваВ. А.LebedevaV. A.

Ленинградская область, Гатчинский район

Gatchinsky district, Leningrad region

ЕвдокимоваЗ. З.EvdokimovaZ. Z.

Ленинградская область, Гатчинский район

Gatchinsky district, Leningrad region

ГаджиевН. М.GadjiyevN. M.

Ленинградская область, Гатчинский район

Gatchinsky district, Leningrad region

АпаликоваО. В.ApalikovaO. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

АлпатьеваН. В.AlpatyevaN. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

КостинаЛ. И.KostinaL. I.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

ЗотееваН. М.ZoteyevaN. M.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

МамадбокироваФ. Т.MamadbokirovaF. T.ЕгороваК. В.EgorovaK. V.

St. Petersburg

Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР); Санкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR); St. Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian FederationЛенинградский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства «Белогорка»; ООО Селекционная фирма «ЛиГа»РоссияLeningrad Scientific Research Institute “Belogorka”; Ltd Breeding company “LiGa”Russian FederationЛенинградский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства «Белогорка»РоссияLeningrad Scientific Research Institute “Belogorka”Russian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation2018210320182213545Copyright © Гавриленко Т.А., Клименко Н.С., Антонова О.Ю., Лебедева В.А., Евдокимова З.З., Гаджиев Н.М., Апаликова О.В., Алпатьева Н.В., Костина Л.И., Зотеева Н.М., Мамадбокирова Ф.Т., Егорова К.В., 20182018Гавриленко Т.А., Клименко Н.С., Антонова О.Ю., Лебедева В.А., Евдокимова З.З., Гаджиев Н.М., Апаликова О.В., Алпатьева Н.В., Костина Л.И., Зотеева Н.М., Мамадбокирова Ф.Т., Егорова К.В.Gavrilenko Т.A., Klimenko N.S., Antonova O.Y., Lebedeva V.A., Evdokimova Z.Z., Gadjiyev N.M., Apalikova O.V., Alpatyeva N.V., Kostina L.I., Zoteyeva N.M., Mamadbokirova F.T., Egorova K.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1360

Задача повышения устойчивости сортов к болезням и вредителям является приоритетной для селекции картофеля. Многие сорта, созданные селекционерами северо-западной зоны Российской Федерации, являются многовидовыми гибридами, обладают комплексной устойчивостью к наиболее вредоносным патогенам в сочетании с высокой пластичностью, о чем свидетельствует их районирование в разных регионах нашей страны. В статье представлены результаты молекулярного скрининга сортов и гибридов, созданных в разные годы в ЛенНИИСХ «Белогорка» и в ООО Селекционная фирма «ЛиГа». Молекулярный скрининг проведен с использованием 22 маркеров 14 R-генов устойчивости к вирусам PVY и PVX, к цистообразующим нематодам – Globodera pallida (патотипы Pa2, Ра3) и G. rostochiensis (патотип Ro1) и к фитофторозу. Данные молекулярно-генетического анализа сопоставлялись с результатами Государственного испытания сортов на устойчивость к болезням и с другими опубликованными источниками. В работе использованы также маркеры стерильных и фертильных типов цитоплазм. По результатам молекулярного скрининга выделены сорта и гибриды c разными сочетаниями маркеров R-генов (Rysto, Ry-fsto, Rx1, Rx2, Gro1-4, H1, Gpa2, R1, R3a, Rpi-blb1, Rpi-sto1), обладающие D-, T-, W/gamma стерильными типами цитоплазм. Анализ фертильности пыльцы, результатов скрещиваний и данных родословных показал, что селекционерам удалось получить фертильные формы с D- и Т-типами цитоплазм, несущие генетический материал мексиканских полиплоидных видов Solanum stoloniferum и S. demissum. Информация о наличии у гибридов и сортов маркеров R-генов и о типах цитоплазм, полученная в настоящей работе, позволит повысить эффективность дальнейших селекционных программ, в том числе направленных на пирамидирование генов устойчивости к патогенам. Данные молекулярного скрининга позволили уточнить родословные ряда сортов и гибридов, которые создавались на протяжении нескольких десятилетий.

Increasing the resistance of varieties to diseases and pests is a priority in potato breeding. Many potato varieties created in the Leningrad Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture “Belogorka” are multi-species hybrids possessing complex resistance to the most spread pathogens in combination with a high plasticity, which determined their zoning in many regions of the Russian Federation. Potato varieties and hybrids created in different periods of time in this institute and in the Ltd Breeding company “LiGa” were included in marker-assisted selection with 22 markers of 14 R genes conferring extreme resistance to viruses PVY and PVX, resistance to cyst nematodes Globodera pallida (patotypes Pa2, Pa3) and G. rostochiensis (pathotype Ro1) and resistance to late blight. The data of molecular screening were compared with the results of the State Test of Varieties for Disease Resistance, as well as with other published sources. Markers of sterile and fertile cytoplasm types were also used in the study. Based on the results of molecular screening, varieties and hybrids with different combinations of markers of R genes conferring resistance to the most harmful pathogens (Rysto, Ry-fsto, Rx1, Rx2, Gro1-4, H1, Gpa2, R1, R3a, Rpi-blb1, Rpi-sto1) were detected. Among them, genotypes with sterile D-, T-, W/gamma cytoplasmic types were selected. Analysis of their pollen fertility, crossability and pedigree data showed that breeders succeed in obtaining fertile forms with the D- and T-types of cytoplasm carrying genetic material of Mexican polyploid species Solanum stoloniferum and S. demissum. The information about the presence of markers of R genes and about cytoplasm types of hybrids and varieties will allow an effective implementation of further breeding programs for resistance to a complex of pathogens, including pyramiding of R genes. The data of molecular screening made it possible to specify the pedigrees of several varieties and hybrids that have been created over several decades.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.