<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.351</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1445</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация и генетическая характеризация этиологического агента пироплазмидоза лошадей на территории Западной и Восточной Сибири</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of the etiological agent of equine piroplasmosis in Western and Eastern Siberia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рар</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rar</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rarv@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марченко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Республика Алтай, с. Майма</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Republic of Altay, Mayma</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирская область, пос. Краснообск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk region, Krasnoobsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунцова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suntsova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисак</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisak</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тикунов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikunov</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельцов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meltsov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иркутская область, пос. Молодежный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkutsk region, Molodezhny settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тикунова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikunova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Горно-Алтайский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Gorno-Altay Research Institute of Agriculture<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной ветеринарии Сибири и Дальнего Востока<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Veterinary Science of Siberia and the Far East<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Center of Family Health Problems and Human Reproduction<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Иркутский государственный аграрный университет им. А.А. Ежевского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>224</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рар В.А., Марченко В.А., Ефремова Е.А., Сунцова О.В., Лисак О.В., Тикунов А.Ю., Мельцов И.В., Тикунова Н.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рар В.А., Марченко В.А., Ефремова Е.А., Сунцова О.В., Лисак О.В., Тикунов А.Ю., Мельцов И.В., Тикунова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rar V.A., Marchenko V.A., Efremova E.A., Suntsova O.V., Lisak O.V., Tikunov A.Y., Meltsov I.V., Tikunova N.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1445">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1445</self-uri><abstract><p>Пироплазмидоз лошадей – природно-очаговая инфекция, вызываемая простейшими гемопаразитами отряда Piroplasmida Babesia caballi и Theileria equi. Животные, выздоровевшие после пироплазмидоза, остаются в течение длительного времени резервуарами инфекции и могут передавать патогены клещам-переносчикам. Случаи пироплазмидоза лошадей периодически отмечают в различных регионах Сибири, но до настоящего времени возбудители пироплазмидозов лошадей в России не были генетически охарактеризованы. Цель данной работы – изучение инфицированности лошадей из Новосибирской и Иркутской областей и из Республики Алтай возбудителями пироплазмидоза; установление видовой принадлежности выявленных возбудителей и их генетическая характеризация. Исследованы образцы крови от 155 лошадей на наличие ДНК бабезий и тейлерий методом двухраундовой ПЦР с последующим секвенированием положительных образцов. ДНК T. equi обнаружена в образцах крови у 57.9, 38.5 и 65.0 % лошадей из Новосибирской, Иркутской областей и Республики Алтай соответственно. Инфицированные животные были зарегистрированы практически во всех населенных пунктах, включенных в настоящую работу, что свидетельствует о том, что большинство исследованных мест являются эндемичными по тейлериозу лошадей. Следует отметить, что ДНК B. caballi не обнаружена ни в одном из исследованных образцов, несмотря на то, что раньше данный возбудитель детектировался во многих районах России, в том числе и на Алтае. На основании анализа нуклеотидных последовательностей гена 18S рРНК образцы T. equi относились к двум из четырех известных генетических групп, существенно различающихся между собой по последовательностям вариабельной (V4) области гена. Все последовательности T. equi группы В были идентичны между собой и соответствовали последовательностям, выявленным в крови лошадей из Китая и Кореи, а последовательности T. equi группы А различались между собой одной-пятью заменами и соответствовали последовательностям, обнаруженным в крови лошадей из Индии и Бразилии, или отличались от них единичными заменами. Следует отметить, что в настоящем исследовании впервые подтверждено генетически наличие этиологического агента пироплазмидоза в образцах крови лошадей на территории России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Equine piroplasmosis is a natural tick-borne infection caused by hemoprotozoan parasites of the order Piroplasmida, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Animals that recover from piroplasmosis remain persistently infected carriers and can transmit pathogens to vector ticks. Cases of equine piroplasmosis are periodically observed in Siberia, however, no agent of equine piroplasmosis has yet been genetically characterized in Russia. The aim of this work was studying the prevalence of the infectious agents of piroplasmosis in horses from Siberia and genotyping the detected agents. Blood samples from 155 horses were examined for the presence of Babesia and Theileria DNA by nested PCR with the subsequent sequencing of positive samples. DNA of T. equi was found in blood samples from 57.9 %, 38.5 % and 65.0 % of horses from Novosibirsk province, Irkutsk province, and the Republic of Altai, respectively. T. equi DNA was found in the samples from almost all sampling sites included in this study, indicating that most of the studied sites are endemic for equine theileriosis. Surprisingly, DNA of B. caballi was not found in any of the samples examined, even though this agent had previously been detected in many regions in Russia, including Altai. The analysis of the determined 18S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that T. equi samples belonged to two genetic groups, which differed significantly by the sequences of the variable (V4) region of the gene. All T. equi sequences from group B were identical and corresponded to T. equi sequences found in the blood of horses from China and Korea, while T. equi sequences from group A differed by 1–5 nucleotide substitutions and were identical to the sequences from the blood of horses from India and Brazil or differed from them by single mismatches. Notably, in this study the presence of etiological agent of piroplasmosis in blood samples from horses in Russia was genetically confirmed for the first time.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пироплазмидоз лошадей</kwd><kwd>Theileria equi</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd><kwd>ген 18S рРНК</kwd><kwd>Сибирь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>equine piroplasmosis</kwd><kwd>Theileria equi</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd><kwd>18S rRNA gene</kwd><kwd>Siberia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramov I.V. On the longevity of the causative agent of equine pyroplasmosis (Piroplasma caballi) in ticks Hyalomma plumbeum Panzer, 1795. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1955;3:42-46. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramov I.V. On the longevity of the causative agent of equine pyroplasmosis (Piroplasma caballi) in ticks Hyalomma plumbeum Panzer, 1795. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1955;3:42-46. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhoora R., Franssen L., Oosthuizen M.C., Guthrie A.J., Zweygarth E., Penzhorn B.L., Jongejan F., Collins N.E. Sequence heterogeneity in the 18S rRNA gene within Theileria equi and Babesia caballi from horses in South Africa. Vet. Parasitol. 2009;159(2):112-120. DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhoora R., Franssen L., Oosthuizen M.C., Guthrie A.J., Zweygarth E., Penzhorn B.L., Jongejan F., Collins N.E. Sequence heterogeneity in the 18S rRNA gene within Theileria equi and Babesia caballi from horses in South Africa. Vet. Parasitol. 2009;159(2):112-120. DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Budnik V.S. New data on the mechanism of transmission of the causative agent of equine nuttalliosis by pasture ticks (Dermacentor marginatus Sulz). Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1955;8:36-43. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Budnik V.S. New data on the mechanism of transmission of the causative agent of equine nuttalliosis by pasture ticks (Dermacentor marginatus Sulz). Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1955;8:36-43. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedulina O.O., Rar V.A., Suntsova O.V., Kozlova I.V. Identification of Theileria equi in horse blood in Irkutsk oblast. Byulleten VSNTs SO RAMN = Bulletin of the East Siberian Scientific Center SBRAMS. 2014;6:101-104. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedulina O.O., Rar V.A., Suntsova O.V., Kozlova I.V. Identification of Theileria equi in horse blood in Irkutsk oblast. Byulleten VSNTs SO RAMN = Bulletin of the East Siberian Scientific Center SBRAMS. 2014;6:101-104. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Homer M.J., Aguilar-Delfin I., Telford III S.R., Krause P.J., Persing D.H. Babesiosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2000;13(3):451-469.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Homer M.J., Aguilar-Delfin I., Telford III S.R., Krause P.J., Persing D.H. Babesiosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2000;13(3):451-469.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khristianovsky P.I., Belichenko V.V. Piroplasmoses of animals on Southern Ural. Rossiyskiy parazitologicheskiy zhurnal = Russian Parasitological Journal. 2009;2:70-74. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khristianovsky P.I., Belichenko V.V. Piroplasmoses of animals on Southern Ural. Rossiyskiy parazitologicheskiy zhurnal = Russian Parasitological Journal. 2009;2:70-74. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Markov A.A., Kurchatov V.N., Dzasokhov G.S. The role of Rhipicephalus bursa ticks in the spreading of equine nuttaliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1940;1:33. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Markov A.A., Kurchatov V.N., Dzasokhov G.S. The role of Rhipicephalus bursa ticks in the spreading of equine nuttaliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1940;1:33. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mehlhorn H., Schein E. Redescription of Babesia equi Laveran, 1901 as Theileria equi. Parasitol. Res. 1998;84(6):467-475.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mehlhorn H., Schein E. Redescription of Babesia equi Laveran, 1901 as Theileria equi. Parasitol. Res. 1998;84(6):467-475.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ovchinnikov P.A., Nikitenko G.I., Zhiltsov P.A., Zabelin V.A. Dermacentor nuttalli ticks as a vector of equine piroplasmosis and nuttalliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1941;2:15-16. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikov P.A., Nikitenko G.I., Zhiltsov P.A., Zabelin V.A. Dermacentor nuttalli ticks as a vector of equine piroplasmosis and nuttalliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1941;2:15-16. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petunin F.A. Hyalomma scupense P. Sch. tick is a vector of equine nuttalliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1948;9:14. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petunin F.A. Hyalomma scupense P. Sch. tick is a vector of equine nuttalliosis. Veterinariya = Veterinary. 1948;9:14. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rar V.A., Epikhina T.I., Suntsova O.V., Kozlova I.V., Lisak O.V., Pukhovskaya N.M., Vysochina N.P., Ivanov L.I., Tikunova N.V. Genetic variability of Babesia parasites in Haemaphysalis spp. and Ixodes persulcatus ticks in the Baikal region and Far East of Russia. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2014;28:270-275. DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2014. 10.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rar V.A., Epikhina T.I., Suntsova O.V., Kozlova I.V., Lisak O.V., Pukhovskaya N.M., Vysochina N.P., Ivanov L.I., Tikunova N.V. Genetic variability of Babesia parasites in Haemaphysalis spp. and Ixodes persulcatus ticks in the Baikal region and Far East of Russia. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2014;28:270-275. DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2014. 10.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rar V.A., Epikhina T.I., Tikunova N.V., Bondarenko E.I., Ivanov M.K., Yakimenko V.V., Malkova M.G., Tantsev A.K. DNA detection of pathogens transmitted by Ixodidae ticks in blood of small mammals inhabiting the forest biotopes in the Middle Irtysh region (Omsk oblast, West Siberia). Parazitologiya = Parasitology. 2014;48(1):37- 53. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rar V.A., Epikhina T.I., Tikunova N.V., Bondarenko E.I., Ivanov M.K., Yakimenko V.V., Malkova M.G., Tantsev A.K. DNA detection of pathogens transmitted by Ixodidae ticks in blood of small mammals inhabiting the forest biotopes in the Middle Irtysh region (Omsk oblast, West Siberia). Parazitologiya = Parasitology. 2014;48(1):37- 53. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salim B., Bakheit M.A., Kamau J., Nakamura I., Sugimoto C. Nucleotide sequence heterogeneity in the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene within Theileria equi from horses in Sudan. Parasitol. Res. 2010;106(2):493-498. DOI 10.1007/s00436-009-1691-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salim B., Bakheit M.A., Kamau J., Nakamura I., Sugimoto C. Nucleotide sequence heterogeneity in the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene within Theileria equi from horses in Sudan. Parasitol. Res. 2010;106(2):493-498. DOI 10.1007/s00436-009-1691-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scoles G.A., Ueti M.W. Vector ecology of equine piroplasmosis. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2015;60:561-580. DOI 10.1146/annurev-ento010814-021110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scoles G.A., Ueti M.W. Vector ecology of equine piroplasmosis. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2015;60:561-580. DOI 10.1146/annurev-ento010814-021110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semenov P.V. Distribution of ixodid ticks and equine hemosporodioses in Altai kray. Sbornik nauchnykh rabot Altayskoy nauchno-issledovatelskoy veterinarnoy stantsii [Collection of scientific works of the Altai SRVS]. 1955;1:245-262. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenov P.V. Distribution of ixodid ticks and equine hemosporodioses in Altai kray. Sbornik nauchnykh rabot Altayskoy nauchno-issledovatelskoy veterinarnoy stantsii [Collection of scientific works of the Altai SRVS]. 1955;1:245-262. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uilenberg G. Babesia – a historical overview. Vet. Parasitol. 2006;138: 3-10. Wise L.N., Kappmeyer L.S., Mealey R.H., Knowles D.P. Review of equine piroplasmosis. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2013;27(6):1334-1346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uilenberg G. Babesia – a historical overview. Vet. Parasitol. 2006;138: 3-10. Wise L.N., Kappmeyer L.S., Mealey R.H., Knowles D.P. Review of equine piroplasmosis. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2013;27(6):1334-1346.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuzhakov A.Yu. Epizootology of equine piroplasmosis in the Republic of Altai. Tezisy dokladov nauchnoy konferentsii “Aktualnye voprosy biologii, ekologii i veterinarnoy meditsiny domashnikh zhivotnykh” [Abstracts from the scientific conference “Current problems in biology, ecology and veterinary medicine of domestic animals”]. Tyumen, 2012;142-144 (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuzhakov A.Yu. Epizootology of equine piroplasmosis in the Republic of Altai. Tezisy dokladov nauchnoy konferentsii “Aktualnye voprosy biologii, ekologii i veterinarnoy meditsiny domashnikh zhivotnykh” [Abstracts from the scientific conference “Current problems in biology, ecology and veterinary medicine of domestic animals”]. Tyumen, 2012;142-144 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Chahan B., Liu S., Song R., Li Y., Huercha, Guo Q., Wu H., Zhu Y. Epidemiologic studies on Theileria equi infections for grazing horses in Ili of Xinjiang province. Vet. Parasitol. 2017,244: 111-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Chahan B., Liu S., Song R., Li Y., Huercha, Guo Q., Wu H., Zhu Y. Epidemiologic studies on Theileria equi infections for grazing horses in Ili of Xinjiang province. Vet. Parasitol. 2017,244: 111-113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
