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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.352</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1446</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование экспрессии генов рецептора глюкокортикоидов и микроРНК в гиппокампе и концентрации кортизола в крови у лисиц, селекционируемых по реакции на человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor and microRNA gene expression and serum cortisol concentration in foxes selected for behavior toward humans</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шихевич</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shihevich</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепелева</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepeleva</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гербек</surname><given-names>Ю. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Herbeck</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">herbek@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>230</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Овчинников В.Ю., Антонов Е.В., Васильев Г.В., Шихевич С.Г., Шепелева Д.В., Гербек Ю.Э., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Овчинников В.Ю., Антонов Е.В., Васильев Г.В., Шихевич С.Г., Шепелева Д.В., Гербек Ю.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikov V.Y., Antonov E.V., Vasilyev G.V., Shihevich S.G., Shepeleva D.V., Herbeck Y.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1446">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1446</self-uri><abstract><p>Стресс-реакция во многих случаях является одной из причин формирования агрессивного поведения как у животных, так и у человека. Ослабление стресс-ответа, по-видимому, существенно снижает агрессию по отношению к человеку у доместицированных животных. Однако механизмы этого снижения по-прежнему остаются далеко не ясны. В настоящей работе на экспериментальной модели доместикации, серебристо-черной лисице (Vulpes vulpes), полученной путем многолетнего отбора на реакцию к человеку, изучен ответ на стресс по уровню кортизола в крови у доместицируемых и агрессивных лисиц, вызванный 15-минутным удержанием на руках человека. Кроме того, у животных из этих поведенческих групп исследован один из важных механизмов глюкокортикоидной отрицательной обратной связи – экспрессия гена рецептора глюкокортикоидов (NR3C1) в гиппокампе. В работах последних лет существенное внимание уделяется различиям в профиле экспрессии микроРНК у животных с разными поведением и стресс-реакцией, а также микроРНК-регуляции экспрессии генов при стрессе, в том числе NR3C1. В этой работе проведен miRNA-seq анализ образцов участка дорзального гиппокампа. Показано, что удержание на руках человека вызывает глюкокортикоидный стресс-ответ как у доместицируемых, так и у агрессивных лисиц. При этом у агрессивных животных стресс-индуцированный уровень кортизола был достоверно выше по сравнению с доместицируемыми. В то же время различий экспрессии гена NR3C1 в дорзальном гиппокампе и профиле экспрессии микроРНК не обнаружено. Таким образом, снижение стресс-ответа при отборе лисиц на отсутствие агрессивной и проявление эмоционально-положительной реакции к человеку, по-видимому, не связано с такими важными механизмами регуляции, как изменение экспрессии гена NR3C1 и микроРНК-регуляция.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In many cases, stress reactivity is one of the important bases of aggressive behavior. It appears as if reduced stress reactivity underlies an abrupt decrease in aggression towards man in domesticated animals. However, the mechanisms of this reduction have yet to be resolved. In this work, we used an experimental domestication model, the silver fox selected for many years for the response to humans to study cortisol stress reactivity in tame and aggressive foxes in response to immobilization in human arms. Additionally, these behavioral fox groups were explored for one of the important mechanisms of glucocorticoid negative feedback, the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) in a portion of the dorsal hippocampus. In recent years, attention has been paid to differences in miRNA expression patterns between animals with different behavior and stress reactivity, as well as to miRNA regulation under stress. The same applies to NR3C1 mRNA as well. That is why we performed a miRNA-seq analysis on a portion of the fox dorsal hippocampus. It has been demonstrated that immobilization in human arms leads to significantly higher stressinduced cortisol levels in aggressive than tame foxes. At the same time, no differences have been found between hippocampal NR3C1 gene expression and the pattern of miRNA expression. Thus, reduced stress reactivity in foxes during selection for the absence of aggressive responses and for the presence of emotionally positive responses to humans does not seem to be associated with important mechanisms of regulation such as alterations in hippocampal NR3C1 gene expression or microRNA-mediated silencing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доместикация</kwd><kwd>кортизол</kwd><kwd>ручные лисицы</kwd><kwd>NR3C1</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>domestication</kwd><kwd>cortisol</kwd><kwd>tame foxes</kwd><kwd>NR3C1</kwd><kwd>miR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belyaev D.K. Destabilizing selection as a factor in domestication. Genetika i blagosostoyanie chelovechestva [Genetics and Animal Well-Being]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1981;53-66. 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