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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.353</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ингибитора гликолиза (2-ДГ) и разобщителя окисления и фосфорилирования (2,4-ДНФ) на метаболиты головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of glycolysis inhibitor (2-DG) and oxidation and phosphorylation uncoupler (2,4-DNP) on brain metabolites</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевелев</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevelev</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevelev.oleg.nsk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошкин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshkin</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>235</fpage><lpage>239</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевелев О.Б., Мошкин М.П., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевелев О.Б., Мошкин М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevelev O.B., Moshkin M.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1447">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1447</self-uri><abstract><p>Отклонения в метаболизме головного мозга – результат долговременных патологических процессов, которые в конечном итоге проявляются как симптомы болезней Альцгеймера, Паркинсона или множественного склероза и многих других нейропаталогий, как, например, диабетическая нейропатия. Дефицит доступной энергии для клеток головного мозга на фоне нейродегенеративных заболеваний может развиваться как под влиянием возрастного снижения экспрессии гликолитических ферментов, так и при индуцировании провоспалительными цитокинами разобщения окисления и фосфорилирования. Исходя из того, что активность многих ферментов находится под контролем аденозинтрифосфата (АТФ) или кофакторов, таких как никотинамидадениндинуклеотид (НАДН) и никотинамидадениндинуклеотидфосфат (НАДФН), дефицит энергии может быть причиной метаболических изменений в ткани мозга. В некоторых клинических исследованиях, в которых использовалась протонная ядерная магнитно-резонансная спектроскопия (1H ЯМР спектроскопия), выявлены метаболические изменения в ткани головного мозга у пациентов с нейродегенеративными заболеваниями. Однако данные разных авторов довольно противоречивы, вероятно, из-за сложного генеза метаболических нарушений. В настоящем исследовании проверена гипотеза о разнонаправленных изменениях метаболизма под влиянием разобщителя окисления и фосфорилирования 2,4-динитрофенола (2,4-ДНФ) и 2-деокси-D-глюкозы (2-ДГ), блокирующей доступ глюкозы в клетки головного мозга. Методом 1H ЯМР спектроскопии показано, что 2-ДГ приводит к преобладанию возбуждающих (глутамин+глутамат) нейромедиаторов над тормозными (гамма-аминомасляная кислота), а 2,4-ДНФ вызывает противоположные эффекты. Биохимические механизмы наблюдаемых изменений требуют специального исследования, однако можно отметить, что дефицит АТФ, вызванный ингибированием гликолиза, и дефицит АТФ, обусловленный действием разобщителей, сопровождаются разнонаправленными изменениями в интенсивности цикла трикарбоновых кислот. Эти изменения интенсивности цикла Кребса соотносятся с разнонаправленными изменениями баланса возбуждающих и тормозных нейромедиаторов. Полученные результаты показывают, что 1H ЯМР спектроскопия может быть эффективным методом дифференцированной прижизненной оценки дефицита доступной энергии, вызванного общим подавлением энергообмена в нервных клетках или разобщением окисления и фосфорилирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Deviations in brain metabolism are the result of longterm pathological processes, which finally are manifested as symptoms of Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases or multiple sclerosis and other neuropathologies, as for example diabetic neuropathy. A deficiency of available energy for brain cells under neurodegenerative diseases is either developed due to age-dependent underexpression of genes that encode glycolytic enzymes or induced due to the uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation that could be mediated by inflammatory cytokines. Since the activity of many enzymes is under the control of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or cofactors, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), energy deficiency can cause metabolic changes in brain tissue. Some clinical studies using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR spectroscopy) revealed metabolic changes in brain tissue in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. However, data from different authors are quite contradictory, probably because of the complex genesis of metabolic disorders. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis of multidirectional changes in metabolism under the impact of the oxidation and phosphorylation uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and under the impact of 2-deoxy-Dglucose (2-DG), blocking the access of glucose to the brain cells. 1H NMR spectroscopy showed that 2-DG leads to the predominance of excitatory (glutamine + glutamate) neurotransmitters over inhibitory ones (gamma-aminobutyric acid), and 2,4 DNP causes opposite effects. The biochemical mechanisms of the observed changes require a special study, but it can be noted that the ATP deficiency caused by inhibition of glycolysis and the ATP deficiency caused by the uncouplers are accompanied by differently directed changes in the intensity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These changes in the intensity of the Krebs cycle are correlated with differently directed changes in the balance of the exciting and inhibitory neurotransmitters. The obtained results show that 1H NMR spectroscopy can be an effective method of differentiated lifetime assessment of the available energy deficit caused by a general suppression of energy exchange in nerve cells or oxidation and phosphorylation uncoupling.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболиты головного мозга</kwd><kwd>2-деокси-D-глюкоза</kwd><kwd>2</kwd><kwd>4-динитрофенол</kwd><kwd>1H ЯМР спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>нейродегенеративные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain metabolites</kwd><kwd>2-deoxy-D-glucose</kwd><kwd>2</kwd><kwd>4-dinitrophenol</kwd><kwd>1H NMR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>neurodegenerative deseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dang Y.X., Shi K.N., Wang X.M. 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