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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.359</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1454</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гомологи гена rolC природно-трансгенных льнянок Linaria vulgaris и Linaria creticola экспрессируются in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Homologs of the rolC gene of naturally transgenic toadflaxes Linaria vulgaris and Linaria creticola are expressed in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radishlet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомаз</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomaz</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голованова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovanova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Димитров</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dimitrov</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>София</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский институт защиты растений<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный музей естественной истории<country>Болгария</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Museum of Natural History<country>Bulgaria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>273</fpage><lpage>278</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Матвеева Т.В., Богомаз О.Д., Голованова Л.А., Ли Ю.С., Димитров Д., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Матвеева Т.В., Богомаз О.Д., Голованова Л.А., Ли Ю.С., Димитров Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matveeva T.V., Bogomaz O.D., Golovanova L.A., Li Y.S., Dimitrov D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1454">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1454</self-uri><abstract><p>Агробактериальная трансформация – самый распространенный способ получения трансгенных растений в лабораторных условиях. В природе в пределах родов Nicotiana, Linaria и Ipomoea описаны виды, содержащие в геномах гомологи генов Т-ДНК агробактерий, как результат агробактериальной трансформации их предковых форм. Такие растения называют природно-трансгенными, а Т-ДНК в них обозначается как клеточная (клТ-ДНК). Предполагается, что в эволюции указанных родов привнесенные последовательности играли важную роль. Эту мысль подтверждают данные о неоднократной трансформации нескольких видов растений в ходе эволюции и сведения об экспрессии некоторых генов клТ-ДНК у Nicotiana и Ipomoea. Ранее экспрессия генов клТ-ДНК у Linaria не была описана, хотя анализ нуклеотидной последовательности гена rolC (наиболее консервативного из генов Т-ДНК) свидетельствует в пользу его функциональности у L. vulgaris Mill., L. acutiloba Fisch. ex Rchb. и L. genistifolia (L.) Mill. В настоящей работе проведено секвенирование гомолога гена rolC у прежде не изученного вида льнянки Linaria creticola Kuprian. Анализ in silico показал, что этот ген кодирует полноразмерный пептид. C использованием метода ОТ-ПЦР в реальном времени мы продемонстрировали, что rolC экспрессируется в культуре растений in vitro в побегах, корнях и каллусах L. vulgaris Mill., а также в побегах L. creticola Kuprian. Полученные результаты – важный факт в пользу того, что клТ-ДНК функциональна и ее закрепление в геномах играло определенную роль в ходе эволюции. Однако уровень экспрессии изучаемого гена достаточно низок у льнянок. Кроме того, аналогичная тенденция отмечена и у других природно-трансгенных видов. Этим можно объяснить отсутствие явных морфологических отличий видов, содержащих клТ-ДНК, от их нетрансгенных родственников.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Agrobacterium mediated transformation is the most common way for obtaining transgenic plants in laboratory conditions. At the same time, there are species inside the genera Nicotiana, Linaria and Ipomoea that contain homologs of agrobacterial T-DNA genes as a result of genetic transformation of their ancestral forms in natural conditions. Such plants are called naturally transgenic plants, and T-DNA in their genomes is called cellular (cT-DNA). It is proposed that in the evolution of these genera, the introduced sequences played an important role. This idea is confirmed by the data on the expression of some T-DNA genes in Nicotiana and Ipomoea. Until the last moment, the expression of cT-DNA genes in Linaria has not been documented. However, the analysis of the nucleotide sequence indicates the functionality of rolC gene in L. vulgaris Mill., L. acutiloba Fisch. ex Rchb., L. genistifolia (L.) Mill. In this research work, we have sequenced the rolC homolog in one more toadflax species (Linaria creticola Kuprian). The in silico analysis of this gene has shown that it can encode a full-length peptide. Using the real time RT-PCR method, we have demonstrated that the rolC homolog is expressed in vitro in shoots, roots and calli of L. vulgaris Mill., as well as in shoots of L. creticola Kuprian. The results obtained are an important argument in favor of the fact that cT-DNA is functional and that its fixation in genomes played a certain role in the evolutionary process. However, the level of expression of the gene studied is quite low. A similar trend was observed in other naturally transgenic species. This can explain the absence of explicit morphological differences of species containing cT-DNA from their non-transgenic relatives.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Linaria</kwd><kwd>клТ-ДНК</kwd><kwd>rolC</kwd><kwd>экспрессия трансгена</kwd><kwd>культура in vitro</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Linaria</kwd><kwd>cT-DNA</kwd><kwd>rolC</kwd><kwd>transgene expression</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen K., Dorlhac de Borne F., Szegedi E., Otten L. Deep sequencing of the ancestral tobacco species Nicotiana tomentosiformis reveals multiple T-DNA inserts and a complex evolutionary history of natural transformation in the genus Nicotiana. Plant J. 2014;80(4):669-682.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen K., Dorlhac de Borne F., Szegedi E., Otten L. 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