vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ18.364vavilov-1507Research ArticleГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ РАСТЕНИЙPLANT GENETICS RESOUCESИЗУЧЕНИЕ ФОРМ ЯРОВОГО ТРИТИКАЛЕ В ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ ПРИ РАЗНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ ЛЕТНЕЙ ВЕГЕТАЦИИA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPRING TRITICALE VARIETIES IN THE WESTERN SIBERIAN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF VEGETATIONЧешковаА. Ф.CheshkovaA.

Новосибирская область, Новосибирский район, р. п. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

anna.cheshkova@sorashn.ruСтёпочкинП. И.StepochkinP.

Новосибирск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

АлейниковА. Ф.AleynikovA.

Новосибирская область, Новосибирский район, р. п. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

ГребенниковаН. Г.GrebennikovaI.

Новосибирская область, Новосибирский район, р. п. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

ЧанышевД. И.ChanyshevD.

Новосибирская область, Новосибирский район, р. п. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Российской академии наукРоссияSiberian Federal Scientiic Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies RASRussian FederationСибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра, Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияSiberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RASRussian Federation201824052018223304309Copyright © Чешкова А.Ф., Стёпочкин П.И., Алейников А.Ф., Гребенникова Н.Г., Чанышев Д.И., 20182018Чешкова А.Ф., Стёпочкин П.И., Алейников А.Ф., Гребенникова Н.Г., Чанышев Д.И.Cheshkova A., Stepochkin P., Aleynikov A., Grebennikova I., Chanyshev D.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1507

Яровой тритикале (x Triticosecale Wittmack) для Западно-Сибирского региона является относительно новой и малоизученной культурой. Цель данного исследования – опреде ление возможностей адаптации сортов и гибридов ярового тритикале к различным условиям произрастания в Западной Сибири. Эксперимент проводился в 2014 г. на опыт ном поле Сибирского федерального научного центра агробиотехнологий РАН. Изучались семь форм ярового тритикале: три мутантные формы факультативного типа развития (Сирс 57/2/4, Цекад 90/5, О.312/38), три гибрида F5 (Сирс 57/2/4 x Укро, Укро x K-3881, сложный гибрид озимая пшеница Филатовка x озимая рожь Короткостебельная 69 x Сирс 57/2/4) и сорт Укро – образец из коллекции ВИР с каталожным номером К-3644. Опыт был проведен при двух нормах высева (400 зерен на 1 м2 и 800 зерен на 1 м2) и двух сроках посева (15.05.2014 и 27.05.2014) в четырех повторностях. Образцы оценивались по девяти признакам, связанным с урожайностью и качеством зерна (общий вес зерен, число продуктивных побегов, высота растения, длина колоса, число колосков в колосе, число зерен в колосе, вес зерен колоса, масса 1 000 зерен, натура зерна). В результате проведенного трехфакторного дисперсионного анализа установлено, что различия в плотности сева являлись главным источником вариации большинства изучаемых признаков. Только вариации массы 1 000 зерен и натуры зерна были обусловлены преимущественно генотипическими особенностями растений. Наибольшая зерновая продуктивность образцов получена при сроке посева 15.05.2014 и плотности посева 400 зерен на 1 м2. Мутантные формы ярового тритикале в проведенном опыте показали более низкий уровень адаптивности к различным условиям произрастания по сравнению с сортом Укро.

Spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) for Western Siberia is new and poorly studied culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of spring triticale varieties and breeding lines and their adaptation to diferent conditions in Western Siberia. A ield experiment was conducted in Novosibirsk region, Russia in 2014. The experiment included seven spring triticale genotypes: the elite variety Ukro, three mutant forms of the facultative type of development (Sirs 57/2/4, Cecad 90/5, О.312/38) and three hybrids (Sirs 57/2/4 x Ukro, Ukro x K-3881, the complex hybrid winter wheat Filatovka x winter rye Korotko stebelnaya 69304 x Sirs 57/2/4). They were studied at two sowing rates (400 seeds per m2 and 800 seeds per m2) and on two sowing dates (15 May 2014 and 27 May 2014). The following attributes were measured: grain yield, number of ears, plant height, yield components (ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear, grains weight per ear) and yield quality (1 000-grain weight and test weight of one-liter grain volume). The three-factor analysis of variance revealed that sowing rate efect explained the major part of the total experimental variation in almost all of the traits, except 1 000-grain weight and test weight, the variation of which was determined predominantly by genotype efect. The highest grain productivity of varieties was obtained for the 15 May sowing date at the 400 seeds per m2 sowing rate. The three mutant forms used in the experiment showed a lower level of adaptability in comparison with the variety Ukro.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.