References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

vavilov-153

Research Article

Статьи

Articles

МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ: ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ В СЕЛЕКЦИИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУРДЛЯ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ, ИНТРОГРЕССИИ И ПИРАМИДИРОВАНИЯ ГЕНОВ

MOLECULAR MARKERS: IMPLEMENTATION IN CROP PLANT BREEDING FOR IDENTIFICATION, INTROGRESSION, AND GENE PYRAMIDING

Леонова

И. Н.

Leonova

I. N.

leonova@bionet.nsc.ru

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, РоссияРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaRussian Federation

2013

27122014

172314325

2014

Леонова И.Н.

Leonova I.N.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/153

За последние десятилетия накоплен большой теоретический и практический опыт использования ДНК-маркеров для изучения генетического разнообразия, построения молекулярно-генетических карт, картирования генов и локусов количественных признаков и применения технологий молекулярного маркирования для создания коммерческих сортов и селекционных линий зерновых культур. На сегодняшний день молекулярные маркеры используются в основном для генотипирования растительного материала, интрогрессии и пирамидирования геномных районов, содержащих локусы хозяйственно важных признаков, контролируемых главными генами. Вклад новых технологий в селекцию признаков с мультигенным наследованием пока остается небольшим. Несмотря на значительный прогресс методов молекулярной генетики и геномики растений и интерес к этим методам со стороны специалистов-практиков, имеется большое число лимитирующих факторов, влияющих на внедрение новых технологий в практическую селекцию. В данной статье рассматриваются возможные области применения ДНК-маркеров в селекции зерновых культур и преимущества и ограничения практического использования молекулярных методов в сравнении с методами фенотипической селекции.

Over the past decades, wide theoretical and practical experience has been obtained in application of DNA markers for investigation of plant genetic diversity, construction of molecular genetic maps, mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci, and employment of molecular marker technologies in the development of commercial cultivars and breeding of crop lines. To date, the main practical application of molecular markers is related to germplasm characterization, introgression and pyramiding of genome fragments associated with agronomically important traits controlled by major genes. The contribution of new technologies to the selection of traits with multigenic inheritance is still insignificant. Despite the considerable progress in plant molecular genetics and genomics methods and great interest in new technologies among breeders, there is a large number of constraints affecting the implementation of new technologies in practical selection. This article considers the potential application of DNA markers in breeding of crop plants and the benefits and limitations of use of marker-assisted technologies in comparison with conventional plant breeding methods.

молекулярные маркерымаркер-вспомогательная селекциявалидация

molecular markersmarker-assisted selectionvalidation

программf «Динамика и сохранение генофондов» (проект № 30.39); Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований (грант № 12-04-90010)

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.