vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ18.424vavilov-1714Research ArticleГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙPLANT GENE POOL AND BREEDINGВарьирование жирнокислотного состава масла семян в коллекции индуцированных мутантов льна масличного (Linum humile Mill.)Variation of fatty acid composition in seed oil in the collection of induced oil flax (Linum humile Mill.) mutantsТиговаА. В.TigovaA. V.

Запорожская область, Запорожский район, пос. Солнечный

Zaporozhye, Settl. Solnechnyy

anna.tigova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-0525СорокаА. И.SorokaA. I.

Запорожская область, Запорожский район, пос. Солнечный

Zaporozhye, Settl. Solnechnyy

Институт масличных культур Национальной академии аграрных наук УкраиныУкраинаInstitute of Oilseed Crops of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of UkraineUkraine201808112018227800811Copyright © Тигова А.В., Сорока А.И., 20182018Тигова А.В., Сорока А.И.Tigova A.V., Soroka A.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1714

Широкое разнообразие сфер применения семян льна требует от селекционеров выведения сортов с различными показателями, соответствующими назначению конечной продукции. Одним из способов решения этой задачи является метод экспериментального мутагенеза, позволяющий за относительно короткий срок создать в пределах одного вида мутантные линии c разнообразными морфометрическими и биохимическими признаками. В статье показано, что обработка семян льна масличного (Linum humile Mill.), сортов Айсберг и Солнечный новыми химическими мутагенами ДГ-2, ДГ-6, ДГ-7, ДГ-9 - производными диметилсульфата, а также мутагенами диметилсульфата и этилметансульфоната привела к получению мутантных линий и образцов с измененными морфометрическими и биохимическими показателями. Семена исходных сортов обрабатывали 0.5 и 0.05 % водными растворами вышеуказанных веществ и высевали в поле для получения поколений М1, М2 и М3. В итоге выявлено 27 типов мутаций, которые разделены на пять групп по морфометрическим характеристикам. Изучен жирнокислотный состав масла семян выделенных мутантных форм: содержание пальмитиновой, стеариновой, олеиновой, линолевой (ш6) и линоленовой (ш3) кислот, а также соотношение ш6/ш3. Статистический анализ показал достоверную разницу между мутантными линиями и образцами по биохимическому составу масла. Продемонстрирована сильная отрицательная корреляционная взаимосвязь между содержанием линолевой и линоленовой кислот и положительная зависимость средней силы между содержанием стеариновой и олеиновой кислот у обоих сортов. Полученные мутантные образцы могут использоваться в качестве исходных форм для ведения селекционной работы по льну в различных направлениях.

A wide variety of application fields for flax seeds requires for breeders to develop new varieties with different characteristics, corresponding to the intended final product. The method of experimental mutagenesis is one of the ways to solve this problem. This method allows mutant lines with an array of morphometric and biochemical traits to be created from a single species and within a relatively short period of time. The article demonstrates that treatment of Linum humile Mill. seeds of the cultivars Iceberg and Solnech-ny with the new chemical mutagens DG-2, DG-6, DG-7, DG-9 (derivatives of dimethyl sulfate (DMS)) as well as with the mutagens DMS and EMS resulted in the production of mutant lines and accessions with altered morphometric and biochemical parameters. Seeds of the initial cultivars were treated with 0.5 and 0.05 % aqueous solutions of the above mentioned substances and planted in the field to raise M1, M2, and M3 generations. Ultimately, 27 types of mutations were identified and subdivided into five groups by morphometric characteristics. The fatty acid composition of seed oil for the isolated mutant specimens was studied: the content of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic (w6) and lino-lenic (w3) acids, as well as the w6/w3 ratio. The statistical analysis showed significant distinctions between the mutant lines in the biochemical composition of the oil. A strong negative correlation between the content of linoleic and linolenic acids was demonstrated, as well as a positive relationship of average strength between the content of stearic and oleic acids for the both varieties. The mutant accessions obtained can be used as donor material for conducting breeding work on flax in various directions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.