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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.429</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1722</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетические механизмы влияния света и фототрансдукции на продолжительность жизни Drosophila melanogaster</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic mechanisms of the influence of light and phototransduction on Drosophila melanogaster lifespan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1038-2271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёв</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Syktyvkar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4625-6488</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошников</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сыктывкар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Syktyvkar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3248-1633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москалев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskalev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">amoskalev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; Сыктывкарский государственный университет им. Питирима Сорокина, кафедра экологии, Институт естественных наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center, UrB RAS; Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Department of Ecology, Institute of Natural Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии Коми научного центра, Уральское отделение Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center, UrB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; Сыктывкарский государственный университет им. Питирима Сорокина, кафедра экологии, Институт естественных наук; Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет); Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта Российской академии наук; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center, UrB RAS; Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Department of Ecology, Institute of Natural Sciences; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>878</fpage><lpage>886</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соловьёв И.А., Шапошников М.В., Москалев А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соловьёв И.А., Шапошников М.В., Москалев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solovev I.A., Shaposhnikov M.V., Moskalev A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1722">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1722</self-uri><abstract><p>Свет видимого спектра (с длинами волн 380-780 нм) - один из фундаментальных абиотических факторов, к которым организмы вынуждены были адаптироваться с момента их возникновения на земле. Многочисленные литературные источники устанавливают связь между длительностью экспозиции при дневном свете, канцерогенезом и продолжительностью жизни, убедительно показывая значительное снижение заболеваемости раком у слепых людей, а также в экспериментах по индуцируемому канцерогенезу и подсчету продолжительности жизни на слепых от рождения и механически ослепленных животных. С другой стороны, отмечен стимулирующий характер воздействия непрерывного освещения на репродуктивную функцию, в частности известны эффекты увеличения плодовитости самок различных видов. Повышение двигательной активности и, как следствие, скорости метаболизма и термогенеза при перманентном освещении также сокращает энергетические резервы организма и продолжительность жизни. Критичны для стареющего организма не только время экспозиции, но также и возраст начала воздействия постоянным освещением, обратные эффекты обнаруживаются при содержании подопытных животных в темноте. За длительный период эволюции систем трансдукции светового сигнала появилось множество механизмов, позволяющих сформировать адекватный ответ организма на освещение, активируя высококонсервативные сигнальные каскады (FOXO, SIRT1, NF-kB, mTOR/S6k, PPARa и др.), ассоциируемые, в том числе, со старением и продолжительностью жизни. В настоящем обзоре исследована связь продолжительности жизни, фоторежима, а также экспрессии генов элементов фототрансдукционного каскада и циркадных часов животных. Рассмотрены в контексте старения классические трансдукторы световых и иных сигналов, такие как семейство рецепторов TRP (transient receptor potential), G-белки, фосфолипаза С и др. Выдвинуты гипотезы о существовании связей между механизмами терморецепции, температурной синхронизации циркадного осциллятора (системы транскрипционно-трансляционных петель обратной связи, автономно поддерживающей колебания экспрессии генов и физиологических показателей) и продолжительностью жизни дрозофилы. На основе анализа опубликованных данных сформулирована гипотеза о возраст-зависимой фоторезистентности Drosophila melanogaster. Введено понятие возрастной фоторезистентности, под которой предлагается понимать утрату способности адаптироваться к фоторежиму, связанную с возрастным снижением экспрессии гена cry, кодирующего рецептор синего света.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The light of the visible spectrum (with wavelengths of 380-780 nm) is one of the fundamental abiotic factors to which organisms have been adapting since the start of biological evolution on the Earth. Numerous literature sources establish a connection between the duration of exposure to daylight, carcinogenesis and longevity, convincingly showing a significant reduction in the incidence of cancer in blind people, as well as in animal models. On the other hand, the stimulating nature of the effect of continuous illumination on reproductive function was noted, in particular, the effects of increasing the fecundity of females of various species are known. Increase in motor activity and, as a result, in metabolic rate and thermogenesis during permanent exposure to light also reduces the body's energy reserves and lifespan. In principle, in the context of aging, not only the exposure time, but also the age at the onset of exposure to constant illumination matter, the reverse effects are valid for the maintenance of experimental animals in the constant darkness. Over the long period of the evolution of light signal transduction systems, many mechanisms have emerged that allow to form an adequate response of the organism to illumination, modulating the highly conservative signaling cascades, including those associated with aging and lifespan (FOXO, SIRT1, NF-kB, mTOR/S6k, PPARa, etc). In this review, we consider the relationship between lifespan, photoregimens, and also the expression of the genes encoding the phototransduction cascade and the circadian oscillator elements of animal cells. In the present paper, basic transducers of light and other signals, such as the family of TRP receptors, G proteins, phospholipase C, and others, are considered in the context of aging and longevity. A relationship between the mechanisms of thermoreception, the temperature synchronization of the circadian oscillator and the life span is established in the review. Analysis of experimental data obtained from the Drosophila melano-gaster model allowed us to formulate the hypothesis of age-dependent photoresistance - a gradual decrease in the expression of genes associated with phototransduction and circadian oscillators, leading to deterioration in the ability to adapt to the photoregimen and to the increase in the rate of aging.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фоторецепция</kwd><kwd>фототрансдукция</kwd><kwd>циркадные часы</kwd><kwd>фоторежимы</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>продолжительность жизни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photoreception</kwd><kwd>phototransduction</kwd><kwd>circadian clocks</kwd><kwd>photoregimens</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>lifespan</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>State Projects “Molecular mechanisms of ageing, longevity, and stress tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster”, State Registration No. АААА-А18-118011120004-5; «The combination of various factors (cold, lack of insolation, restricted diet, and geroprotector treatment) for the maximum prolongation of individual life in the genus Drosophild’ No. 18-7-4-23, State Registration No. АААА-А18-118011120008-3</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимов В.Н. 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