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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.433</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1792</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENE POOL AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пути совершенствования генофонда свиней Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ways to improve the gene pool of pigs of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4663-2217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекенёв</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekenеv</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bekenev@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Federal Scientifc Center of Agro-BioTechnologies, RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>912</fpage><lpage>921</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бекенёв В.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бекенёв В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bekenеv V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1792">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1792</self-uri><abstract><p>Проанализирована система племенной работы в свиноводстве нашей страны. Приведены научные и организационные факторы, определяющие улучшение породных и продуктивных качеств свиней. На основе обобщения многолетних экспериментальных данных, полученных автором в процессе создания новых селекционных достижений, обобщения практики селекционной работы, использования научных результатов мировой науки по генетике и селекции животных разработаны предложения по новой системе оценки, повышения генетического потенциала продуктивности животных. В частности, сделан критический анализ существующей инструкции по бонитировке свиней, линейного разведения, не отвечающего критериям реальности в систематике биологических объектов. Экспериментально обоснован положительный эффект разведения свиней в замкнутом режиме в виде «линиипопуляции» с использованием таких генетических маркёров, как эритроцитарные антигены, эритроцитарные ферменты, липопротеины, позволяющих интенсифицировать селекционный процесс. При бонитировке свиней и разработке планов племенной работы со стадом предложено для оценки животных и прогнозирования продуктивности использовать селекционно-генетические параметры: коэффициенты наследуемости, фенотипические и генетические корреляции, селекционный дифференциал, селекционный эффект и др. Разработана система непрерывной балльной оценки каждого селекционируемого признака в отличие от интервальной классной, используемой в нашей стране в настоящее время. Предложена модель селекционного индекса, учитывающая селекционную и экономическую значимость каждого из его компонентов. Показаны теоретические пути и осуществлено экспериментальное доказательство сравнительно быстрого преобразования разводимых в России пород животных до продуктивности мирового уровня, в противовес постоянному импорту племенных животных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An analysis of the system of breeding work in the pig industry of our country has been carried out. The scientifc and organizational factors that determine the improvement of breed and productive qualities of pigs have been analyzed. On the basis of many years of experimental data, selection practices obtained in the process of creating new breeding achievements, and using the scientifc results of the world science on genetics and animal breeding, proposals have been developed for a new system for assessing and improving the genetic potential of animal productivity based on modern achievements in genetics. In particular, a critical analysis was performed on the existing instructions for boning pigs, linear breeding, which does not meet the criteria of reality in the systematization of biological objects. The positive eﬀect of breeding pigs in a closed mode in the form of a “line-population”, using such genetic markers as erythrocyte antigens, erythrocyte enzymes, lipoproteins, allowing intensifcation of the selection process, has been experimentally proved. When hogging pigs and developing breeding plans with a herd, it was proposed to use such selection and genetic parameters as heritability factors, phenotypic and genetic correlations, selective diﬀerential, selective eﬀect, etc. for assessment of animals and prognostication of productivity. A system of continuous scoring of each selectable feature was developed, in contrast to the interval to the classes used in our country at the present time. A model of the selection index, taking into account the selection and economic signifcance of each of its components, has been proposed. Theoretical paths have been shown towards and experimental proof given to a relatively rapid transformation of breeds of animals bred in Russia to world-class productivity, as opposed to the constant import of breeding animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свинья</kwd><kwd>порода</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>генофонд</kwd><kwd>наследуемость</kwd><kwd>оценка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pig</kwd><kwd>breed</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>gene pool</kwd><kwd>heritability</kwd><kwd>estimation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бекенёв В.А., Гришина Е.Ф., Фролова В.И., Крючковский А.Г., Мазанова Г.И., Морева З.И., Юдина Г.П. Селекционное достижение в животноводстве – тип свиней крупной белой породы «Новосибирский». Патент № 1032, заявка № 9353386. 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