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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.435</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1794</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENE POOL AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние породы и генеалогической линии на показатели спермопродукции и разнообразие морфологических форм сперматозоидов у быков-производителей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Semen quality and diversity of morphological sperm abnormalities in bulls: breed and strain effects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-2525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клещев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kleshchev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">max82cll@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петухов</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petukhov</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-9204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осадчук</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osadchuk</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>931</fpage><lpage>938</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клещев М.А., Петухов В.Л., Осадчук Л.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клещев М.А., Петухов В.Л., Осадчук Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kleshchev M.A., Petukhov V.L., Osadchuk L.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1794">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1794</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время значительное внимание уделяется изучению генетической регуляции процессов адаптации сельскохозяйственных животных к условиям окружающей среды. Эта проблема актуальна в связи с широким распространением в различных регионах мира высокопродуктивных пород крупного рогатого скота, созданных в Европе и Северной Америке. Однако до сих пор не изучались изменения в количестве и качестве сперматозоидов быков­производителей пород зарубежной селекции при их адаптации в эколого­климатических условиях Западной Сибири. Цель работы – исследовать особенности качества эякулята и разнообразие морфологических аномалий сперматозоидов у быков­производителей пород зарубежной и отечественной селекции в эколого­климатических условиях юга Западной Сибири. У 44 быков (племпредприятие «Барнаульское», Алтайский край) черно­пестрой, симментальской, англерской и красной датской пород оценивали объем эякулята, концентрацию и общее количество сперматозоидов в эякуляте, долю подвижных и морфологически аномальных половых клеток, определяли встречаемость различных типов аномалий строения сперматозоидов. Установлено, что средние значения концентрации сперматозоидов в эякуляте, доли подвижных и морфологически аномальных сперматозоидов в изученной выборке быков близки к таковым у быков, содержащихся в странах Европы. Межпородных различий по данным показателям не обнаружено. Однако быки группы красных пород (красной датской, англерской) и симментальской породы отличались от быков черно­пестрой породы повышенной встречаемостью аморфных и грушевидных головок сперматозоидов соответственно. При сравнительном анализе показателей качества спермы у быков разных линий черно­пестрой породы установлено, что подвижность сперматозоидов у быков линии Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 была ниже, чем у быков линии В.Б. Айдиала 1013415. Межлинейных различий по концентрации сперматозоидов в эякуляте, доле морфологически аномальных сперматозоидов, а также встречаемости отдельных типов аномалий сперматозоидов не отмечено. Таким образом, природно­климатические условия юга Западной Сибири не оказывают негативного влияния на продукцию сперматозоидов, а также на содержание подвижных и морфологически нормальных половых клеток в эякуляте у быков. Однако повышенная встречаемость аморфных и грушевидных головок сперматозоидов у быков зарубежной селекции указывает на возможные риски развития у них субфертильности и необходимость исследования фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At present great attention is paid to studying genetic regulation of farm animal adaptations to environmental conditions. This problem is very important due to a wide expansion of highly productive cattle breeds created in Europe and North America. However, until the present no investigation of changing semen quality in bulls of imported breeds during their adaptations to environmental conditions of Western Siberia has been conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate semen quality peculiarities and the diversity of morphological sperm abnormalities in bulls of imported and local breeds kept in the environmental conditions of the southern part of Western Siberia. We determined sperm concentration, sperm count, and rate of sperm with progressive motility and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa. The rate of sperm abnormalities according to Blome’s classifcation was determined too. It was found that the mean values of sperm concentration, sperm motility and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa in the bulls investigated were similar to those in bulls kept in European countries. Inter­breed diﬀerences in these parameters were not found. However, bulls of the Red Danish, Angler, and Simmental breeds had a higher percentage of misshapen sperm head and pyriform sperm head than bulls of the Black­White breed. An inter­strain diﬀerence in sperm motility in bulls of the Black­White breed was observed. It was found that bulls of Reﬂection Sovereign 198998 strain had lover sperm motility than bulls of Wis Burke Ideal 1013415 strain. No inter­strain diﬀerences in sperm production, percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa and rate of main sperm abnormalities were found. Thus, it has been found that the environmental conditions of the southern part of Western Siberia do not seriously aﬀect the sperm production, sperm motility or percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa in bulls. However, the increased rate of misshapen and pyriform sperm heads in the bulls of the foreign breeds points to a need to study sperm DNA fragmentation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>быки</kwd><kwd>количество сперматозоидов</kwd><kwd>подвижность сперматозоидов</kwd><kwd>морфология сперматозоидов</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd><kwd>окружающая среда</kwd><kwd>порода</kwd><kwd>линия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bulls</kwd><kwd>sperm count</kwd><kwd>sperm motility</kwd><kwd>sperm morphology</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>breed</kwd><kwd>strain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенков П.М., Топурия Л.Ю. Влияние генотипа на показатели спермопродукции быков-производителей. Изв. Оренб. гос. аграр. ун-та. 2014;3:103-105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zenkov P.M., Topuriya L.Y. 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