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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.441</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1800</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рибонуклеазная активность как потенциальный новый маркер устойчивости к фитопатогенам у картофеля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ribonuclease activity as a new prospective disease resistance marker in potato</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7095-0560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трифонова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trifonova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">trifonova.k@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-067X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-3297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумный</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumny</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3151-5181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>987</fpage><lpage>991</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трифонова Е.А., Ибрагимова С.М., Волкова О.А., Шумный В.К., Кочетов А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трифонова Е.А., Ибрагимова С.М., Волкова О.А., Шумный В.К., Кочетов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trifonova E.A., Ibragimova S.M., Volkova O.A., Shumny V.K., Kochetov A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1800">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1800</self-uri><abstract><p>Устойчивость к фитопатогенам является важной характеристикой для каждого сорта картофеля, а поиск маркеров устойчивости к патогенам – одна из приоритетных задач селекции растений. Высшие растения обладают широким спектром ферментов с нуклеазной активностью. Основной наиболее вероятной функцией этих ферментов считается защита растений от патогенов. РНКазы активно участвуют в иммунных системах растений, например таких, как системная приобретенная устойчивость и генетический сайленсинг, следовательно, РНКазная активность в листьях растений, как относительно легко измеряемый параметр, может служить хорошим маркером для отбора устойчивых к патогенам сортов. В настоящей работе проанализированы шестнадцать сортов картофеля, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию на территории Российской Федерации. Проверена корреляция уровня рибонуклеазной (РНКазной) активности сортов с такими хозяйственно ценными признаками, как сроки созревания и устойчивость к вирусам, фитофторе и парше обыкновенной. В целом уровень РНКазной активности оказался сортоспецифичным параметром, что было подтверждено очень малыми значениями средней квадратичной ошибки для большинства тестируемых сортов. Выявлена статистически значимая позитивная корреляция РНКазной активности в листьях картофеля с повышенной устойчивостью сортов к фитопатогенным вирусам, негативная корреляция с устойчивостью к парше обыкновенной и отсутствие значимой связи с устойчивостью к фитофторозу вне зависимости от органа, поражаемого оомицетом. Таким образом, уровень РНКазной активности в листьях картофеля может быть использован как селективный маркер устойчивости к вирусам, в то время как при селекции устойчивости к парше сортов с повышенной РНКазной активностью следует избегать.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Disease resistance is an important characteristic for each variety of potato, and the search for pathogen resistance markers is one of the primary tasks of plant breeding. Higher plants possess a wide spectrum of enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of nucleic acids; it is believed that protection against pathogens is the most probable function of the enzymes. RNases are actively involved in several immune systems of higher plants, for example, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and genetic silencing, hence RNase activity in plant leaves, as a relatively easily measured parameter, can serve as a good marker for the selection of pathogen resistant varieties. We have analyzed sixteen varieties of potatoes permitted for use on the territory of the Russian Federation and tested the correlation of the level of variety­specifc ribonuclease (RNase) activity with such economically valuable traits as maturity and resistance to viruses, late blight and common scab. In general, the level of RNase activity was variety­specifc, which was confrmed by very small values of average squared error for the majority of tested varieties. We have detected a statistically signifcant positive correlation of RNase activity in potato leaves with increased resistance of varieties to phytopathogenic viruses, a negative correlation with resistance to scab and an absence of a signifcant connection with maturity and resistance to late blight, regardless of the organ affected by the oomycete. Thus, the level of RNase activity in potato leaves can be used as a selective marker for resistance to viruses, while varieties with increased RNase activity should be avoided when selecting resistance to scab.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Solanum tuberosum</kwd><kwd>рибонуклеазная активность</kwd><kwd>фитопатогенные вирусы</kwd><kwd>фитофтороз</kwd><kwd>парша обыкновенная</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Solanum tuberosum</kwd><kwd>phytopathogenic viruses</kwd><kwd>late blight</kwd><kwd>common scab</kwd><kwd>RNase activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barrell P.J., Meiyalaghan S., Jacobs J.M., Conner A.J. Applications of biotechnology and genomics in potato improvement. Plant Biotechnol. J. 2013;11:907-920. 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