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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.449</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1808</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ В ГЕНЕТИКЕ И СЕЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOINFORMATICS AND SYSTEM BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Становление щетиночного узора у Drosophila melanogaster: предструктура и комплекс генов achaete-scute</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The bristle pattern development in Drosophila melanogaster: the prepattern and achaete-scute genes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фурман</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Furman</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">furman@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухарина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukharina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">bukharina@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук;&#13;
Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS;&#13;
Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>1046</fpage><lpage>1054</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фурман Д.П., Бухарина Т.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фурман Д.П., Бухарина Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Furman D.P., Bukharina T.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1808">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1808</self-uri><abstract><p>Внешние механорецепторы дрозофилы, локализованные на голове и теле имаго, представлены щетинками разного размера – макро- и микрохетами. Макрохеты образуют устойчивую структурную композицию, так называемый щетиночный узор, специфичный для каждого вида дрозофилы, в котором каждая из макрохет занимает строго определенное положение. Формирование щетиночного узора начинается с формирования его прообраза в имагинальном диске. Специфичность позиций будущих механорецепторов определяется локальной экспрессией двух пронейральных генов – achaete (ac) и scute (sc), входящих в комплекс AS-C, в ответ на действие неких факторов, за которыми закрепилось название «факторы предструктуры», гетерогенно распределенных в эктодерме имагинальных дисков. Топография их совокупного распределения и создает прообраз (предструктуру) щетиночного узора. Таким образом, полноценный щетиночный узор является результатом взаимодействия двух систем: предструктуры и системы ответа на предструктуру – генов achaete и scute. К настоящему времени накоплено значительное число разрозненных экспериментальных данных, касающихся различных аспектов формирования щетиночного узора, однако формализованное представление полного спектра молекулярно-генетических взаимодействий факторов предструктуры как между собой, так и с генами комплекса AS-C, в литературе отсутствует. В обзоре систематизированы данные о закономерностях этих взаимодействий. Показано, что экспрессия пронейральных генов achaete-scute детерминируется иерархически организованной двухуровневой системой управления, содержащей как прямые, так и непрямые регуляторы их активности. Предложена обобщенная схема системы, включающая функциональные взаимодействия ее компонентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The external drosophila mechanoreceptors, residing on the head and body of imago, are represented by bristles of diﬀerent sizes (macrochaetes and microchaetes). Macrochaetes are arranged in the species-specifc bristle pattern, where each of them is strictly positioned. The bristle pattern is formed starting from its prototype (prepattern) in the imaginal disc. The position specifcity of future mechanoreceptors is determined by local expression of two proneural genes, achaete (ac) and scute (sc) belonging to the AS-C complex, in response to the action of certain factors, referred to as prepattern factors, nonuniformly distributed in the ectoderm of imaginal discs. The topography of their total distribution defnes the bristle prepattern. Thus, the full-ﬂedged adult bristle pattern is the result of interaction of two systems – the prepattern and the system responding to prepattern, i. e., the achaete and scute genes. A considerable volume of miscellaneous experimental data related to various aspects in development of the bristle pattern has been so far accumulated; however, any formalized and detailed representation of the molecular genetic interaction of the prepattern factors with both each other and the achaete-scute genes is yet absent. This review systematizes the available data on the regular patterns of this interaction and shows that local expression of these genes is determined by hierarchical two-level control system comprising both direct and indirect regulators of their activities. A generalized scheme of the system containing the functional interactions of its components is proposed. The structural organization and principles of operation of the hierarchical molecular genetic system enabling the local expression of ASC genes and the resulting formation of ordered bristle pattern are described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Drosophila melanogaster</kwd><kwd>макрохеты</kwd><kwd>щетиночный узор</kwd><kwd>пронейральный кластер</kwd><kwd>предструктура</kwd><kwd>генный комплекс achaete-scute</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Drosophila melanogaster</kwd><kwd>macrochaetes</kwd><kwd>proneural cluster</kwd><kwd>bristle pattern</kwd><kwd>prepattern</kwd><kwd>achaete-scute gene complex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aegerter-Wilmsen T., Aegerter C.M., Hafen E., Basler K. Model for the regulation of size in the wing imaginal disc of Drosophila. Mech. Dev. 2007;124(4):318-326. 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