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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ18.452</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1811</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сенсорная пластичность нейронов ольфакторного эпителия мыши при ассоциативном обучении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Learning-induced sensory plasticity of mouse olfactory epithelium</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-0574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ромащенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romashchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">yuter2006@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киреева</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kireeva</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарапова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharapova</surname><given-names>M. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8144-9090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Запара</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zapara</surname><given-names>Т. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5198-8926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ратушняк</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ratushnyak</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт вычислительных технологий Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук;&#13;
Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Computational Technologies, SB RAS;&#13;
Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт вычислительных технологий Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Computational Technologies, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>1070</fpage><lpage>1077</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ромащенко А.В., Киреева П.Е., Шарапова М.Б., Запара Т.А., Ратушняк А.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ромащенко А.В., Киреева П.Е., Шарапова М.Б., Запара Т.А., Ратушняк А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romashchenko A.V., Kireeva Р.Е., Sharapova M.В., Zapara Т.A., Ratushnyak A.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1811">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1811</self-uri><abstract><p>Традиционно основными структурами мозга, участвующими в запоминании информации, считаются отделы, которые осуществляют вторичную обработку сенсорной информации. Однако в последнее время появились данные о роли сенсорной пластичности в реализации процессов запоминания. В настоящей работе методом марганец­усиленной МРТ исследовано влияние ольфакторного ассоциативного обучения на функциональную активность нейронов обонятельного эпителия в ответ на индифферентный стимул, в качестве которого выступало апельсиновое масло. Обнаружено, что такая периферическая структура обонятельной системы взрослых мышей, как обонятельный эпителий (ОЭ), демонстрирует зависимую от опыта пластичность. В нашем эксперименте условное кондиционирование привело к изменению паттернов накопления Mn2+, агониста кальциевых каналов, в клетках ОЭ в ответ на запах апельсинового масла в сравнении с контрольной группой и животными, которым был предложен запах без подкрепления. Для интерпретации полученных результатов сопоставлялось распределение контраста по зонам обонятельной луковицы в ответ на условный запах у обученных животных и у контрольных животных, которым предоставляли апельсиновое масло в трех концентрациях: исходной (использовалась при кондиционировании), в 4 раза большей и в 4 раза меньшей. Поскольку в группе обученных животных и контрольных, которым предъявляли стимул в 4 раза большей концентрации, полученные паттерны активации ОЭ совпали, можно заключить, что ассоциативное кондиционирование увеличило чувствительность нейронов ОЭ к условному стимулу, что согласуется с проведенными на тех же животных поведенческими тестированиями. Наблюдаемое усиление ответа ОЭ на запах апельсинового масла может, с одной стороны, быть результатом нейрогенеза, т. е. образования новых обонятельных нейронов, реагирующих на данный стимул, а с другой – следствием увеличения интенсивности ответа каждой отдельной клетки. Основываясь на данных по накоплению МРТ­контраста в обонятельных нейронах, можно говорить о более вероятном увеличении чувствительности ОЭ за счет сенсорной пластичности, а не за счет нейрогенеза. Таким образом, сенсорная пластичность ОЭ играет значимую роль в формировании нейронального ответа на предоставление изначально индифферентного запаха и является частью приспособительных реакций животного к изменяющимся условиям среды.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traditionally, studies of the neurobiology of learning and memory focus on the circuitry that interfaces between sensory inputs and behavioral outputs, such as the amygdala and cerebellum. However, evidence is accumulating that some forms of learning can in fact drive stimulus­specifc changes very early in sensory systems, including not only primary sensory cortices but also precortical structures and even the peripheral sensory organs themselves. In this study, we investigated the eﬀect of olfactory associative training on the functional activity of olfactory epithelium neurons in response to an indiﬀerent stimulus (orange oil). It was found that such a peripheral structure of the olfactory system of adult mice as the olfactory epithelium (OE) demonstrates experience­dependent plasticity. In our experiment, associative learning led to changes in the patterns of OE cell activation in response to orange oil in comparison with the control group and animals that were given odor without reinforcement. To interpret the results obtained, we compared the distribution of MRI contrast across the zones of OE in response to a conditioned odor in trained animals and in control animals that were given orange oil at three concentrations: original (used for conditioning), 4­fold higher and 4­fold lower. Since the OE activation patterns obtained coincided in the group of trained animals and controls, which were stimulated with orange oil at the 4­fold higher concentration, it can be concluded that associative conditioning increased the sensitivity of the OE to the conditioned stimulus. The observed increase in OE response to orange oil may be the result of neurogenesis, i. e. the maturation of new olfactory neurons responsive to this stimulus, or the consequence of an increase in individual sensitivity of each OE neuron. Based on data of MRI contrast accumulation in mouse OE, the sensory plasticity way in learning­induced increase in sensitivity of OE to conditioned stimulus is more possible. Thus, the sensory plasticity of the OE plays a signifcant role in the formation of the neuronal response to the provision of an initially indiﬀerent odor and is part of the adaptive responses to the environmental changing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ольфакторное обучение</kwd><kwd>сенсорная пластичность</kwd><kwd>обонятельный эпителий</kwd><kwd>марганец-усиленная магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>olfactory learning</kwd><kwd>sensory plasticity</kwd><kwd>olfactory epithelium</kwd><kwd>manganese¬enhanced magnetic resonance imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abraham N.M., Vincis R., Lagier S., Rodriguez I., Carleton A. Long term functional plasticity of sensory inputs mediated by olfactory learning. Elife. 2014;(3):e02109. 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