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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ.1834-o</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ приспособленности линий Drosophila virilis, контрастных по реакции на стрессирующее воздействие</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the ftness of Drosophila virilis lines contrasting in response to stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">karpova@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раушенбах</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rauschenbach</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грунтенко</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gruntenko</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>1090</fpage><lpage>1096</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карпова Е.К., Раушенбах И.Ю., Грунтенко Н.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпова Е.К., Раушенбах И.Ю., Грунтенко Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpova E.K., Rauschenbach I.Y., Gruntenko N.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1814">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1814</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из важнейших элементов, способствующих адаптации организмов к неблагоприятным условиям среды, является стресс­реакция. Особый интерес представляет изучение генетического контроля стресс­реакции насекомых и ее роли в адаптации к неблагоприятным условиям. Ювенильный гормон (ЮГ) выполняет функцию гонадотропного гормона у имаго насекомых, Drosophila в том числе, контролируя развитие яичников, вителлогенез и откладку яиц, и играет ключевую роль в стресс­реакции и регуляции размножения насекомых в условиях стресса. Показано, что снижение деградации ЮГ у особей, реагирующих на неблагоприятные воздействия стресс­реакцией (R­особей), вызывает задержку в откладке яиц и, по­видимому, позволяет популяции «переждать» неблагоприятные условия, способствуя тем самым адаптации на популяционном уровне. Однако при проведении мониторинга природных популяций D. melanogaster по способности развивать стресс­реакцию было обнаружено, что в них с высокой частотой встречаются особи, не способные к ее развитию (NR­особи). Изучение репродуктивных характеристик R­ и NR­особей показало, что в нормальных условиях преимущество в оставлении потомства имеют первые. В неблагоприятных условиях, если стрессор достаточно интенсивен, NR­особи погибают, но если его интенсивность невелика, то они, в отличие от R­особей, продолжают оставлять потомство. На основании этих данных была выдвинута гипотеза о том, что сбалансированность популяций по R­ и NR­аллелям обеспечивает их адаптацию при существовании популяции в условиях частых стрессирующих воздействий невысокой интенсивности. Целью данной работы являлась проверка этой гипотезы экспериментальным путем. Для этого проводились исследования характеристик приспособленности (продолжительности жизни, плодовитости) R­ и NR­линий D. virilis в нормальных условиях и при регулярном тепловом стрессировании различной периодичности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the crucial elements contributing to the adaptation of organisms to unfavorable environmental conditions is the reaction of stress. The study of its genetic control and role in adaptation to unfavorable conditions are of special interest. The juvenile hormone (JH) acts as a gonadotropic hormone in adult insects controlling the development of the ovaries, inducing vitellogenesis and oviposition. It was shown that a decrease in JH degradation in individuals reacting to adverse conditions by stress reaction (R­individuals) causes delay in egg laying and seems to allow the population to “wait out” the unfavorable conditions, thereby contributing to the adaptation at the population level. However, monitoring natural populations of D. melanogaster for the capability of stress reaction demonstrated that they have a high percentage of individuals incapable of it (NR­individuals). The study of reproductive characteristics of R­ and NR­individuals showed that under normal conditions R­individuals have the advantage of procreating oﬀspring. Under unfavorable conditions, if the stressor is intense enough, NR­individuals die, but if its intensity is low, then they, unlike R­individuals, continue to produce oﬀspring. Based on these data, it was hypothesized that the balance of R­ and NR­alleles in the population ensures its adaptation under frequent stresses of low intensity. To verify the hypothesis by an experiment, the ftness characteristics (lifespan, fecundity) of the R and NR lines of D. virilis were studied under normal conditions and under regular heat stress of various frequency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Drosophila virilis</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринная стрессреакция</kwd><kwd>ювенильный гормон</kwd><kwd>приспособленность</kwd><kwd>плодовитость</kwd><kwd>продолжительность жизни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Drosophila</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine stress reaction</kwd><kwd>juvenile hormone</kwd><kwd>ftness</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>lifespan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Раушенбах И.Ю. Стресс-реакция насекомых: механизм, генетический контроль, роль в адаптации. Генетика. 1997;33(8):1110-1118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rauschenbach I.Yu. 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