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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.457</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1864</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GENE POOL AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы сохранения in vitro гермоплазмы цитрусовых</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Challenges of in vitro conservation of Сitrus germplasm resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0500-1198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самарина</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samarina</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samarinalidia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулян</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulyan</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-8705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маляровская</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyarovskaya</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рындин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryndin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмангулов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmangulov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сочи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sochi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>Y. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт цветоводства и субтропических культур<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горшков В.М., Самарина Л.С., Кулян Р.В., Маляровская В.И., Рындин А.В., Рахмангулов Р.С., Орлов Ю.Л., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горшков В.М., Самарина Л.С., Кулян Р.В., Маляровская В.И., Рындин А.В., Рахмангулов Р.С., Орлов Ю.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorshkov V.M., Samarina L.S., Kulyan R.V., Malyarovskaya V.I., Ryndin A.V., Rakhmangulov R.S., Orlov Y.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1864">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1864</self-uri><abstract><p>Главные проблемы создания депонированной коллекции сортов цитрусовых in vitro, как и некоторых других древесных растений, – высокая степень грибной контаминации вегетативных почек и последующее снижение ростового потенциала введенных в культуру in vitro микропобегов. В связи с этим цель нашей работы – выявить эффективность различных путей деконтаминации вегетативных эксплантов и оценить возможность введения в культуру in vitro и сохранения в медленнорастущей коллекции ценных сортов лимона. Наилучшие результаты поверхностной стерилизации были получены в вариантах с использованием растворов Велтолена 0.3 % – 25 минут и Доместос 10 % – 25–30 минут. В этих вариантах было получено 27.7–33.0  % стерильных жизнеспособных эксплантов соответственно. Однако после третьего пассажа выход стерильных эксплантов снизился до 10 % из-за вторичного инфицирования побегов эндофитными микроорганизмами. Использование биоцида («Гавриш») в питательной среде в концентрации 1 мл/л помогло повысить выход стерильных жизнеспособных эксплантов до 50 %. Несмотря на получение асептической культуры и начало морфогенеза, с течением времени происходило снижение фотосинтетической активности и содержания пигментов в листьях микропобегов. Ростовой потенциал микропобегов снижался с каждым последующим пассажем. После третьего пассажа микропобеги сбрасывали пожелтевшие листья, и рост их прекращался. Так, через 8 месяцев консервации выжило 37.35 % микропобегов на среде 1/2 Мурасиге–Скуга, их прирост составлял 0.33 см, а через 10 месяцев осталось лишь 14.6 % микропобегов. То есть спустя 10 месяцев консервации большая часть микропобегов погибла. Уже через три месяца консервации у растений наблюдалось существенное снижение индекса жизнеспособности и коэффициента фотосинтетической активности. Содержание хлорофилла a в листьях снижалось с 1.59 до 1.14 мг/г за 12 месяцев консервации in vitro. Аналогичная тенденция отмечена по содержанию хлорофилла b и каротиноидов. Эксперименты проводились в течение пяти лет с использованием разных сортов лимона и других цитрусовых. Таким образом, микроразмножение и создание генбанка in vitro ценных сортов лимона все еще остается проблематичным и требует новых технических решений по причине низкого ростового потенциала эксплантов пазушных почек, что согласуется с данными других исследователей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main problems of establishment a slow growth in vitro collection of citrus and other tree crops cultivars are high degree of fungal contamination of bud explants and low growth potential of shoots. In this regard, the aim of current research is to assess the efficiency of decontamination procedure and the possibility of tissue culture initiation and slow growth conservation of valuable lemon cultivars. The best results of surface sterilization were obtained using immersion solutions of 0.3 % Veltolen – 25 minutes or 10 % Domestos – 25–30 minutes. In these treatments, 27.7–33.0 % of aseptic explants were obtained, respectively. However, after the third subculture, the yield of aseptic viable explants decreased till 10 % as a result of secondary contamination by endophytic fungi. The addition of biocide (“Gavrish”) in a nutrient medium at a concentration of 1 ml/l helped to increase the yield of aseptic viable explants till 50 %. However, after the third subculture the photosynthetic activity and the pigments content as well as growth rate decreased. Plants dropped yellowish leaves and eventually died. Thus, 37.35 % of plantlets survived after 8 months of conservation, and only 14.6 % survived after 10 months. Even after the third month of conservation significant decrease in the viability index and the coefficient of photosynthetic activity occurred in plants. Chlorophyll a in leaves decreased from 1.59 to 1.14 mg/g during 12 months in vitro conservation. The similar tendency observed on clorophyll b and carotenoids content. The experiments were carried out for 5 years using different lemon cultivars and other citrus varieties and cultivars. Thus, micropropagation and slow growth in vitro conservation of valuable lemon cultivars are still problematic and requires new technical solutions due to the low growth potential of plantlets raised from the mature buds that is consistent with the data of other researchers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитрусовые культуры</kwd><kwd>пазушные почки</kwd><kwd>контаминация</kwd><kwd>микроразмножение</kwd><kwd>in vitro консервация</kwd><kwd>питательная среда</kwd><kwd>генетическая однородность</kwd><kwd>эндофиты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Citrus</kwd><kwd>nodal explant</kwd><kwd>contamination</kwd><kwd>micropropagation</kwd><kwd>slow growth conservation</kwd><kwd>culture media</kwd><kwd>trueto-type</kwd><kwd>endophytes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belous O.G., Maliukova L.S., Kozlova N.V. 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