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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.467</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CELL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реорганизация хроматина в процессе эритроидной дифференцировки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reorganisation of chromatin during erythroid differentiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабарова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabarova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжкова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баттулин</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Battulin</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">battulin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук;&#13;
Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS;&#13;
Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хабарова А.А., Рыжкова А.С., Баттулин Н.Р., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хабарова А.А., Рыжкова А.С., Баттулин Н.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khabarova A.A., Ryzhkova A.S., Battulin N.R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1874">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1874</self-uri><abstract><p>Онтогенез многоклеточного организма начинается с тотипотентной зиготы, обладающей неограниченным потенциалом дифференцировки во все имеющиеся во взрослом организме типы клеток. По мере деления и созревания клетки постепенно утрачивают потенциал, и спектр доступных путей развития сужается. Проходя последовательные этапы дифференцировки, клетки приобретают специфические функциональные и морфологические особенности, характерные для данного клеточного типа. Расшифровка механизмов, регулирующих активность генов в ходе дифференцировки, является актуальной задачей. В настоящее время трехмерная организация генома в пространстве ядра считается одним из основных уровней регуляции активности генов. Развитие методов, основанных на технологии захвата конформации хромосом, значительно расширило наше представление об организации и регуляции генома в пространстве. В частности, были описаны несколько уровней упаковки геномной ДНК, включающих такие структурно-функциональные единицы, как компартменты хроматина разных типов, топологические домены и внутридоменные локальные взаимодействия регуляторных элементов. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в этой области, точные молекулярные механизмы установления и поддержания подобной организации пока не удалось расшифровать до конца. Поэтому в последнее время все большую актуальность приобретают исследования изменений трехмерной архитектуры генома, сопровождающих ту или иную дифференцировку. Среди описанных дифференцировок эритроидная занимает особое место, так как она сопровождается экстремальной реорганизацией хроматина, а конечный продукт дифференцировки – зрелые эритроциты, у млекопитающих и вовсе не содержат ядра. Кроме того, компактизация ядра эритроидных клеток сопровождается глобальным снижением транскрипционной активности. В связи с этим глобальные изменения ландшафта хроматина, сопутствующие эритроидной дифференцировке, представляются удобной моделью для изучения общих механизмов поддержания трехмерной архитектуры генома, а также для изучения их взаимосвязи с механизмами, обеспечивающими активность генов. В обзоре мы обсудим связь последовательных изменений структуры хроматина в ходе эритроидной дифференцировки с установлением 3D архитектуры генома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A totipotent zygote has unlimited potential for differentiation into all cell types found in an adult organism. During ontogenesis proliferating and maturing cells gradually lose their differentiation potential, limiting the spectrum of possible developmental transitions to a specific cell type. Following the initiation of the developmental program cells acquire specific morphological and functional properties. Deciphering the mechanisms that coordinate shifts in gene expression revealed a critical role of three-dimensional chromatin structure in the regulation of gene activity during lineage commitment. Several levels of DNA packaging have been recently identified using chromosome conformation capture based techniques such a Hi-C. It is now clear that chromatin regions with high transcriptional activity assemble into Mb-scale compartments in the nuclear space, distinct from transcriptionally silent regions. More locally chromatin is organized into topological domains, serving as functionally insulated units with cell type – specific regulatory loop interactions. However, molecular mechanisms establishing and maintaining such 3D organization are yet to be investigated. Recent focus on studying chromatin reorganization accompanying cell cycle progression and cellular differentiation partially explained some aspects of 3D genome folding. Throughout erythropoiesis cells undergo a dramatic reorganization of the chromatin landscape leading to global nuclear condensation and transcriptional silencing, followed by nuclear extrusion at the final stage of mammalian erythropoiesis. Drastic changes of genome architecture and function accompanying erythroid differentiation seem to be an informative model for studying the ways of how genome organization and dynamic gene activity are connected. Here we summarize current views on the role of global rearrangement of 3D chromatin structure in erythroid differentiation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эритробласты</kwd><kwd>эритроидная дифференцировка</kwd><kwd>компактизация хроматина</kwd><kwd>3D архитектура генома</kwd><kwd>организация хроматина.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>erythroid differentiation</kwd><kwd>chromatin</kwd><kwd>three-dimensional organization of genome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allahverdi A., Yang R., Korolev N., Fan Y., Davey C.A., Liu C., Nordenskiöld L. 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