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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.472</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1924</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ХРОМОСОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHROMOSOME ORGANIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Паттерны нуклеотидного разнообразия  различных доменов гена центромерного гистона  Н3 (CENH3) у Secale L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Patterns of nucleotide diversity for different domains of centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) gene in Secale L.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гацкая</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gatzkaya</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-5924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евтушенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evtushenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evt@mcb.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гацкая С.С., Евтушенко Е.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гацкая С.С., Евтушенко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gatzkaya S.S., Evtushenko E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1924">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1924</self-uri><abstract><p>Рожь (Secale) входит в группу экономически важных злаков наряду с такими представителями трибы Triticeae, как пшеница и ячмень. Род Secale включает многолетние, однолетние, перекрестноопыля ющиеся и самоопыляющиеся виды, которые используются как источник ценных генов для улучшения существующих сортов пшеницы и ржи. Исследования структуры гена центромерного гистона H3 (CENH3), определяющего функциональную центромеру, сейчас становится актуальным для агрономически важных растений. Мы изучили нуклеотидное разнообразие последовательностей двух вариантов гена CENH3 ржи внутри N-терминального района (NTT) и консервативного домена (HFD) гена в роде Secale. Средние значения нуклеотидного разнообразия у диких перекрестно- и самоопыляющихся таксонов для доменов αCENH3 были близки для NTT (πtot = 0.0176–0.0090) и HFD (πtot = 0.0136–0.0052), а для βCENH3 средние значения были меньше в NTT (πtot = 0.0168–0.0062), чем в HFD (πtot = 0.0259–0.084). Значения нуклеотидного и гаплотипного разнообразия для доменов CENH3 были существенно меньше у таксонов, занимающих узкую географическую нишу, S. cereale subsp. dighoricum и S. strictum subsp. kuprijanovii. К снижению изменчивости нуклеотидных последовательностей доменов αCENH3 и βCENH3 приводит действие селекции: у сортов культивируемой ржи значения π варьируют от 0.0122 до 0. 0014. Значения нуклеотидного и гаплотипного разнообразия поддерживаются на одном уровне в последовательностях αCENH3 и βCENH3 у S. sylvestre, считающегося наиболее древним видом ржи. Полученные результаты подтверждают, что на частоту однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов и нуклеотидное разнообразие последовательностей вариантов CENH3 у видов Secale влияет ряд факторов, включая способы размножения, степень географической изоляции таксона, действие селекции, эволюционный возраст видов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rye (Secale) is among staple cereals along with other members of the Triticeae tribe: wheat and barley. The genus Secale includes perennial and annual, cross-pollinating and self-pollinating species, and they can be donors of valuable genes in wheat and rye breeding programs. Studies of the structure of the gene for centromeric histone H3 (CENH3), essential for centromere functions, are relevant to the breeding of agronomically important crops. We have investigated the nucleotide diversity of sequences of two variants of the rye CENH3 gene inside the N-terminal tail (NTT) and the conservative HFD (histone fold domain) domain in the genus Secale. The mean values of nucleotide diversity in the NTT and HFD of wild cross- and self-pollinating taxa are close in αCENH3: πtot = 0.0176–0.0090 and 0.0136–0. 0052, respectively. In the case of βCENH3, the mean values for NTT (πtot = 0.0168–0.0062) are lower than for HFD (πtot = 0.0259–0.084). The estimates of nucleotide and haplotype diversity per site for the CENH3 domains are considerably lower in taxa with narrow geographic ranges: S. cereale subsp. dighoricum and S. strictum subsp. kuprijanovii. Commercial breeding reduces the nucleotide sequence variability in αCENH3 and βCENH3. Cultivated rye varieties have π values within 0.0122–0.0014. The nucleotide and haplotype diversity values in αCENH3 and βCENH3 are close in S. sylvestre, which is believed to be the oldest rye species. The results of this study prove that the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms and nucleotide diversity of sequences in genes for CENH3 in Secale species are influenced by numerous factors, including reproduction habits, the geographic isolation of taxa, breeding, and the evolutionary age of species.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Secale L.</kwd><kwd>центромерный гистон Н3 (CENH3)</kwd><kwd>нуклеотидное разнообразие</kwd><kwd>однонукле отидный полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Secale L.</kwd><kwd>centromeric histone CENH3</kwd><kwd>nucleotide diversity</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Comai L., Maheshwari S., Marimuthu M.P.A. Plant centromeres. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2017;36:158-167. 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