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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.475</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-1927</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ХРОМОСОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHROMOSOME ORGANIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хроматиновые белки ADF1 и BEAF-32  влияют на позиционирование нуклеосом  и упаковку ДНК междиска 61С7/С8  политенных хромосом Drosophila melanogaster</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ADF1 and BEAF-32 chromatin proteins affect nucleosome positioning and DNA decompaction in 61C7/C8 interband region of Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шварц (Беркаева)</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schwartz (Berkaeva)</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкова</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демаков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demakov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demakov@mcb.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шварц (Беркаева) М.Б., Панкова Т.Е., Демаков С.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шварц (Беркаева) М.Б., Панкова Т.Е., Демаков С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Schwartz (Berkaeva) M.B., Pankova T.E., Demakov S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1927">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1927</self-uri><abstract><p>Формирование интерфазной хромосомы представляет собой многоуровневый процесс, в результате которого ДНК упаковывается в тысячи раз. На первом этапе упаковки образуются нуклеосомы – базовые повторяющиеся единицы хроматина. Дальнейшая упаковка происходит за счет связывания ДНК с гистоном Н1 и негистоновыми белками, участвующими в ближних и дальних энхансер-промоторных и инсуляторных взаимодействиях. При этом функциональность генома сохраняется за счет динамичной и неравномерной упаковки ДНК вдоль хромосомы, что проявляется уже на нуклеосомном уровне. Несмотря на долгую историю изучения процесса упаковки ДНК в интерфазном ядре, до сих пор до конца не ясно, от чего зависит степень упаковки разных участков ДНК и какое влияние оказывают друг на друга разные уровни упаковки. Превосходной модельной системой для изучения молекулярных механизмов, определяющих степень упаковки ДНК, являются политенные хромосомы слюнных желез личинок дрозофилы. За счет больших размеров и характерного диск/междискового рисунка они позволяют легко наблюдать неравномерность упаковки ДНК вдоль хромосом. В настоящей работе мы исследовали, какую роль играют негистоновые регуляторные белки ADF1 и BEAF-32 в позиционировании нуклеосом и формировании междиска 61С7/С8 – одного из декомпактных районов политенных хромосом. ADF1 – специфический транскрипционный фактор, а BEAF-32 – инсуляторный белок, ассоциированный с междисками. С использованием трансгенных линий мы показали, что мутации сайтов связывания ADF1 или BEAF-32 приводят к тому, что трансген теряет способность формировать междиск в новом генетическом окружении. Кроме того, мутации нарушают нуклеосомную организацию трансгена, характеризующуюся повышением стабильности нуклеосом. Мы обнаружили, что сайты связывания ADF1 и BEAF-32 необходимы для спасения нуль-аллеля bantam – жизненно важного гена микроРНК, расположенного в районе 61С7/С8. Таким образом, мы можем проследить связь между степенью упаковки ДНК, нуклеосомной организацией и функцией конкретного участка интерфазной хромосомы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formation of interphase chromosomes is a multi-level process in which DNA is compacted several thousandfold by association with histones and non-histone proteins. The first step of compaction includes the formation of nucleosomes – the basic repeating units of chromatin. Further packaging occurs due to DNA binding to histone H1 and non-histone proteins involved in enhancer-promoter and insulator interactions. Under these conditions, the genome retains its functionality due to the dynamic and uneven DNA compaction along the chromatin fiber. Since the DNA compaction level affects the transcription activity of a certain genomic region, it is important to understand the interplay between the factors acting at different levels of the packaging process. Drosophila polytene chromosomes are an excellent model system for studying the molecular mechanisms that determine DNA compaction degree. The unevenness of DNA packaging along the chromatin fiber is easily observed along these chromosomes due to their large size and specific banding pattern. The purpose of this study was to figure out the role of two non-histone regulatory proteins, ADF1 and BEAF-32, in the DNA packaging process from nucleosome positioning to the establishment of the final chromosome structure. We studied the impact of mutations that affect ADF1 and BEAF-32 binding sites on the formation of 61C7/C8 interband – one of the decompacted regions of Drosophila polytene chromosomes. We show that such mutations led to the collapse of an interband, which was accompanied with increased nucleosome stability. We also find that ADF1 and BEAF-32 binding sites are essential for the rescue of lethality caused by the null allele of bantam microRNA gene located in the region 61C7/C8.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дрозофила</kwd><kwd>нуклеосома</kwd><kwd>политенная хромосома</kwd><kwd>междиск</kwd><kwd>транскрипция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Drosophila</kwd><kwd>nucleosome</kwd><kwd>polytene chromosome</kwd><kwd>interband</kwd><kwd>transcription</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreenkov O.V., Andreenkova N.G., Volkova E.I., Georgiev P.G., Goncharova A.A., Pokholkova G.V., Demakov S.A. Ectopic tethe-ring of the chromator protein in UASDBD(GAL4) system as ap-proach for studying of the insulator proteins in Drosophila melano- gaster polytene chromosomes. Tsitologiia. 2016;58(6):493-497. 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