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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.502</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2028</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Генетика животных</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Animal genetics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синапсис, рекомбинация и эпигенетическая модификация хромосом у баранов, гетерозиготных по метацентрической хромосоме 3 домашней овцы Ovis aries и акроцентрическим гомологам архара Ovis ammon</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chromosome synapsis, recombination and epigenetic modification in rams heterozygous for metacentric chromosome 3 of the domestic sheep Ovis aries and acrocentric homologs of the argali Ovis ammon</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-7970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикчурина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikchurina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-8815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томгорова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomgorova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8933-8336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгашева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgasheva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-8815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багиров</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagirov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7191-3550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6717-844X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">borodin@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; &#13;
Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет; &#13;
Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS; &#13;
Novosibirsk State University;  &#13;
Federal Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry – VIZH named after academician L.K. Ernst<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry – VIZH named after academician L.K. Ernst<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>355</fpage><lpage>361</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бикчурина Т.И., Томгорова Е.К., Торгашева А.А., Багиров В.А., Волкова Н.А., Бородин П.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикчурина Т.И., Томгорова Е.К., Торгашева А.А., Багиров В.А., Волкова Н.А., Бородин П.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikchurina T.I., Tomgorova E.K., Torgasheva A.A., Bagirov V.A., Volkova N.A., Borodin P.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2028">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2028</self-uri><abstract><p>Гибридизация пород домашних животных с их дикими сородичами может служить перспективным методом повышения генетического разнообразия сельскохозяйственных животных. Ресурсные популяции, полученные на основе гибридизации различных пород домашних овец с муфлоном и архаром, являются важным источником селекционного материала. Кариотипы архара и домашней овцы различаются по робертсоновской транслокации, возникшей у общего предка муфлона и овец (Ovis aries) за счет центрического слияния хромосом 5 и 11 архара (O. ammon) с образованием хромосомы 3 овцы. Известно, что гетерозиготность по транслокациям может приводить к нарушениям синапсиса, рекомбинации и сегрегации хромосом в мейозе. Осо бенности протекания мейоза у баранов, гетерозиготных по транслокации, различающей кариотипы овец и архаров, до сих пор не исследованы. Мы изучали синапсис, рекомбинацию и эпигенетическую модификацию хромосом, вовлеченных в данную перестройку у гетерозигот, с использованием иммунолокализации ключевых белков мейоза. В большинстве клеток наблюдался полный синапсис между метацентрической хромосомой овцы и двумя акроцентрическими хромосомами архара с образованием тривалента. В небольшой доле клеток на стадии ранней пахитены наблюдалась задержка синапсиса в перицентромерных районах тривалента. Неспаренные участки подвергались эпигенетической модификации: фосфорилированию гистона H2A.X. Однако к концу пахитены эти нарушения полностью устранялись. Асинапсис замещался негомологичным синапсисом между перицентромерными районами акроцентрических хромосом. К концу пахитены сигнал γH2A.X сохранялся только на половом биваленте и отсутствовал на триваленте. По числу и распределению рекомбинационных сайтов, степени центромерной и кроссоверной интерференции транслокационный тривалент не отличался от нормальных бивалентов метацентрических хромосом. Таким образом, установлено, что гетерозиготность по хромосоме 3 домашней овцы и хромосомам 5 и 11 архара не вызывает существенных изменений в ключевых процессах профазы I мейоза и, следовательно, не должна приводить к снижению плодовитости у потомков от межвидовой гибридизации овец.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hybridization of domestic animal breeds with their wild relatives is a promising method for increasing the genetic diversity of farm animals. Resource populations derived from the hybridization of various breeds of domestic sheep with mouflon and argali are an important source of breeding material. The karyotypes of argali and domestic sheep differ for a Robertsonian translocation, which occurred in the common ancestor of mouflon and domestic sheep (Ovis aries) due to the centric fusion of chromosomes 5 and 11 of the argali (O. ammon) into chromosome 3 of sheep. It is known that heterozygosity for translocation can lead to synapsis, recombination and chromosome segregation abnormalities in meiosis. Meiosis in the heterozygotes for translocation that distinguishes the karyotypes of sheep and argali has not yet been studied. We examined synapsis, recombination, and epigenetic modification of chromosomes involved in this rearrangement in heterozygous rams using immunolocalization of key proteins of meiosis. In the majority of cells, we observed complete synapsis between the sheep metacentric chromosome and two argali acrocentric chromosomes with the formation of a trivalent. In a small proportion of cells at the early pachytene stage we observed delayed synapsis in pericentromeric regions of the trivalent. Unpaired sites were subjected to epigenetic modification, namely histone H2A.X phosphorylation. However, by the end of the pachytene, these abnormalities had been completely eliminated. Asynapsis was replaced by a nonhomologous synapsis between the centromeric regions of the acrocentric chromosomes. By the end of the pachytene, the γH2A.X signal had been preserved only at the XY bivalent and was absent from the trivalent. The translocation trivalent did not differ from the normal bivalents of metacentric chromosomes for the number and distribution of recombination sites as well as for the degree of centromeric and crossover interference. Thus, we found that heterozygosity for the domestic sheep chromosome 3 and argali chromosomes 5 and 11 does not cause significant alterations in key processes of prophase I meiosis and, therefore, should not lead to a decrease in fertility of the offspring from interspecific sheep hybridization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ovis aries</kwd><kwd>иммуноокрашивание</kwd><kwd>мейоз</kwd><kwd>синаптонемные комплексы</kwd><kwd>рекомбинация</kwd><kwd>робертсоновские транслокации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ovis aries</kwd><kwd>immunostaining</kwd><kwd>meiosis</kwd><kwd>synaptonemal complex</kwd><kwd>recombination</kwd><kwd>Robertsonian translocation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant No. 18-16-00079. We thank the Microscopy Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/microscopy/) for providing access to the microscopic facilities.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant No. 18-16-00079. We thank the Microscopy Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/microscopy/) for providing access to the microscopic facilities.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson L.K., Reeves A., Webb L.M., Ashley T. Distribution of crossing over on mouse synaptonemal complexes using immunofluorescent localization of MLH1 protein. Genetics. 1999;151:1569-1579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson L.K., Reeves A., Webb L.M., Ashley T. 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