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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.505</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2133</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GENE POOL AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модифицированный метод дроплет-витрификации для криоконсервации апексов in vitro растений картофеля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A modified droplet vitrification method for cryopreservation of shoot tips from in vitro potato plants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-6569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гавриленко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">tatjana9972@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швачко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvachko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9366-0216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ухатова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukhatova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова; &#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources; &#13;
Saint Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>422</fpage><lpage>429</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гавриленко Т.А., Швачко Н.А., Волкова Н.Н., Ухатова Ю.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гавриленко Т.А., Швачко Н.А., Волкова Н.Н., Ухатова Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilenko T.A., Shvachko N.A., Volkova N.N., Ukhatova Y.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2133">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2133</self-uri><abstract><p>Коллекции возделываемого картофеля Solanum tuberosum, сохраняемые в полевых генбанках, несут значительные потери из-за воздействия экстремальных факторов внешней среды, заболеваний и вредителей. Практическое решение проблемы надежного хранения генофонда возделываемого картофеля состоит в создании дублетных криоколлекций, сохраняемых при сверхнизких температурах в криобанках. Известно несколько методов криоконсервации картофеля, из них в настоящее время в мировых генбанках наиболее широко используется метод дроплет-витрификации, разработанный Б. Панисом с коллегами в 2005 г. В нашей статье представлено подробное описание модифицированного метода дроплет-витрификации, который применяется для криоконсервации апексов in vitro растений картофеля во Всероссийском институте генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР). Модифицированный в ВИР метод включает основные этапы оригинального метода дроплет-витрификации, разработанного Б. Панисом с коллегами: 1) подготовка растительного материала; 2) изоляция апексов микрорастений; 3) обработка эксплантов растворами с криопротекторами; 4) криоконсервация/погружение в жидкий азот; 5) оттаивание; 6) посткриогенное восстановление и учет регенерационной способности. Предложенные нами модификации этапов 1, 2 и 6 позволяют существенно сократить продолжительность экспериментов по криоконсервации в сравнении с оригинальным методом. В работе представлены результаты экспериментов по криоконсервации аборигенных южноамериканских сортов и современных селекционных сортов картофеля, которые были выполнены с использованием модифицированного в ВИР метода дроплет-витрификации. Большая часть (76.7 %) изученных образцов культурного картофеля характеризовалась высокими показателями посткриогенной регенерации (40–95 %), и у 23.3 % изученных образцов частота регенерации после замораживания–оттаивания варьировала от 20 до 39 %, что соответствует предельно допустимым минимальным значениям для закладки на длительное хранение в криобанк. В настоящее время модифицированный метод дроплет-витрификации используется для расширения криоколлекции культурных видов картофеля в ВИР.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Collections of common potato maintained in the field genebanks suffer significant losses due to the impact of extreme environmental factors, diseases and pests. The solution of the problem of safe long-term preservation of common potato accessions is to create doublet in vitro and cryo-collections. Cryogenic collections are stored at ultra-low temperatures in cryobanks. Several methods of potato cryoconservation are known, of which the droplet vitrification method developed by B. Panis with colleagues in 2005 is the most widely used in genebanks. This paper provides a detailed description of the modified method of droplet vitrification, which is used for cryopreservation of apexes (shoot tips) of potato in vitro plants at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The method modified at VIR includes the main steps of the original droplet-vitrification method developed by B. Panis and colleagues: 1) preparation of plant material, 2) isolation of shoot tips, 3) treatment of explants with cryoprotector solutions, 4) freezing/immersion in liquid nitrogen, 5) thawing, 6) post-cryogenic recovery and evaluation of viability and regeneration capacity. The modifications of stages 1, 2 and 6 proposed at VIR lead to a significant reduction in the duration of cryopreservation experiments in comparison with the original method of B. Panis. This paper presents the results of cryopreservation of modern potato cultivars and South American landraces which were obtained using the method of droplet vitrification as modified at VIR. The majority (76.7 %) of the studied accessions of cultivated potato were characterized by high rates of postcryogenic recovery (40–95 %) and 23.3 % of the samples had the values of postcryogenic regeneration from 20 to 39 %, which corresponds to the minimal permissible values for long-term storage in a cryobank. Currently the modified droplet-vitrification method is used for further expanding of the VIR potato cryocollection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>картофель</kwd><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd><kwd>дроплет-витрификация</kwd><kwd>криобанк</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>potato</kwd><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd><kwd>droplet-vitrification</kwd><kwd>cryobank</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Acknowledgements. The test of the capability for postcryogenic repair in 44 potato accessions was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project 16-16-04125. The maintenance of the in vitro potato collection whose accessions were chosen for cryopreservation was supported by budgeted project 0662-2019-0004.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гавриленко Т.А., Дунаева С.Е., Трускинов Э.В., Антонова О.Ю., Пендинен Г.И., Лупышева Ю.В., Роговая В.В., Швачко Н.А. Стратегия долгосрочного сохранения генофонда вегетативно размножаемых сельскохозяйственных растений в контролируемых условиях среды. Труды по прикл. ботанике, генетике и селекции. СПб., 2007;164:273-285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavrilenko T.A., Dunaeva S.E., Truskinov E.V., Antonova O.Y., Pendinen G.I., Lupysheva J.V., Rogovaja V.V., Shvachko N.A. 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