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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-220</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ В ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ И В СЕЛЕКЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MOLECULAR MARKERS IN GENETIC STUDIES AND BREEDING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлесткина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlestkina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">khlest@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4/2</issue><fpage>1044</fpage><lpage>1054</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хлесткина Е.К., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хлесткина Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khlestkina E.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/220">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/220</self-uri><abstract><p>Еще в первые десятилетия развития генетики стало ясно, что генетические маркеры могут быть полезными при анализе сложных признаков. Однако низкая встречаемость и ряд других недостатков не позволили классическим генетическим маркерам, а впоследствии и белковым маркерам широко войти в селекционную практику. Последнее поколение генетических маркеров (молекулярные, или ДНК-маркеры) характеризуется более высокой частотой встречаемости в геноме и основано на универсальных, а значит широко востребованных и постоянно развивающихся методах анализа. Это стало залогом бурного развития направлений генетики и селекции, связанных с использованием ДНК-маркеров.</p><p>В настоящей статье рассматриваются основные типы молекулярных маркеров и направления их использования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Back in the early decades in Genetics, it became clear that genetic markers may be useful in the analysis of complex traits. However, the low occurrence and a number of other shortcomings hampered wide application of classical genetic markers, and later then protein markers in the breeding. The latest generation of genetic markers (molecular or DNA markers) are characterized by frequent occurrence in the genome, and are based on universal (and hence highly demanded and constantly developing) methods of analysis. This became the key to the rapid development of genetics and breeding areas related to the use of DNA markers. This article provides a brief overview of the main types of molecular markers and the fields of their application.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетические маркеры</kwd><kwd>ДНК-маркеры</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd><kwd>классификация ДНК-маркеров</kwd><kwd>картирование генома</kwd><kwd>отбор с помощью маркеров</kwd><kwd>геномная селекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic markers</kwd><kwd>DNA markers</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd><kwd>classification of DNA markers</kwd><kwd>genome mapping</kwd><kwd>marker-assisted selection</kwd><kwd>genomic selection</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>РФФИ, Президиум РАН, грант Президента Российской Федерации для молодых докторов наук (МД_2615.2013.4)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алтухов Ю.П., Салменкова Е.А. 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