References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ19.522

vavilov-2202

Research Article

СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ

PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCE

Перспективы маркер-ориентированной селекции томата Solanum lycopersicum L.

Prospects for marker-associated selection in tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-8228

Щербань

А. Б.

Shcherban

A. B.

atos@bionet.nsc.ru

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RASRussian Federation

2019

22082019

235534541

2019

Щербань А.Б.

Shcherban A.B.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2202

В обзоре представлена краткая характеристика одного из основных для Сибири объектов овощеводства – томата. Обобщены данные об основных направлениях селекции этой культуры, таких как устойчивость к различным патогенам, сроки созревания и хранения плодов, а также содержание в них биологически активных веществ (БАВ). Отдельная глава обзора посвящена использованию различных типов маркеров ДНК для построения детальных генетических карт указанного объекта, которые наряду с данными полногеномного секвенирования могут быть использованы для скрининга различных генов, отвечающих за селектируемые признаки. Большинство таких признаков, особенно специфическая устойчивость к тем или иным патогенам, перенесено в культурный томат путем скрещивания его с дикорастущими видами, поэтому особое внимание в статье уделено выявлению и маркированию генов устойчивости к целому ряду вирусных, грибных и бактериальных патогенов, распространенных в Западной Сибири и на прилегающих территориях. Другой важный аспект для селекции – содержание БАВ в плодах томата, включая каротиноиды, витамины, сахара, органические кислоты и др. За последнее время благодаря современным технологиям секвенирования, SNP-генотипирования, разработке новых биоинформатических подходов удалось установить генетические каскады, определяющие биохимический состав плодов томата; выделить ключевые гены, которые в перспективе могут быть использованы в маркер-ориентированной селекции по признакам питательной ценности. И наконец, обсуждаются генетические работы, посвященные весьма актуальной для селекции проблеме оптимального в тех или иных климатических условиях срока созревания плодов и их длительного хранения без потери качества.

The review gives a brief description of tomato, one of the main objects of olericulture for Siberia. The data on the main directions in the breeding of this culture, such as resistance to various pathogens, the nutritional properties of fruits, the timing of their maturation and storage are generalized. A separate chapter is devoted to the use of various types of DNA markers for constructing detailed genetic maps of the specified object, which, along with full-genome sequencing data, can be used to screen for genes responsible for breeding traits. Most of these traits, especially specific resistance to one or another pathogen, were transferred to the cultivated tomato by crossing with wild species, therefore, special attention was paid in the article to identifying and marking resistance genes to a variety of viral, fungal and bacterial pathogens occurring in Western Siberia and adjacent areas. Another important aspect for breeding is the nutrient content of tomato fruits, including carotenoids, vitamins, sugars, organic acids, etc. Recently, due to modern technologies of sequencing, SNP-genotyping, the development of new bioinformatic approaches, it has become possible to establish genetic cascades determining the biochemical composition of tomato fruits, to identify key genes that can be used in the future for marker-associated selection of nutritional value. And, finally, genetic works devoted to the problem of the optimal dates of fruit ripening in certain climatic conditions and their prolonged storage without loss of quality are discussed.

томатселекцияДНК-маркерпатогенустойчивостьсрок созреваниялежкость

tomatoselectionDNA markerpathogenresistanceripening timeshelf life

This work was supported by the project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 0324-2019-0039.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.