<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.525</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2206</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Происхождение, селекция и адаптация российских пород крупного рогатого скота по данным полногеномных исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Whole genome studies of origin, selection and adaptation of the Russian cattle breeds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-5554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-6201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларкин</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larkin</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">dmlarkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Королевский ветеринарный колледж, Лондонский университет; Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук/<country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Royal Veterinary College, University of London; &#13;
Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>559</fpage><lpage>568</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юдин Н.С., Ларкин Д.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юдин Н.С., Ларкин Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yudin N.S., Larkin D.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2206">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2206</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре рассмотрены недавние работы по истории происхождения и следам отбора в геномах исконно российских пород крупного рогатого скота (КРС). Большинство из этих работ недоступно для неанглоязычной аудитории. Показана история происхождения российских пород с точки зрения генетики и связь многих из них с породами европейского, а некоторых – с породами азиатского происхождения. Даны описания основных кластеров пород и указаны породы, сохранившие свой уникальный генофонд и, соответственно, нуждающиеся в охране. Кроме того, приведены результаты поиска следов селекции и адаптации в геномах российских пород КРС. Описаны уникальные следы отбора, представленные у азиатских «турано-монгольских» пород, в частности у якутской, которые, вероятно, позволили этой породе адаптироваться к суровым условиям жизни в Заполярье. Приведены также описания генов, по-видимому, способствовших адаптации и других местных пород КРС к климатическим условиям Российской Федерации. Показано, что геномы российских пород КРС содержат следы отбора в районах известных генетических маркеров доместикации, которые претерпели изменения в результате одомашнивания КРС человеком 8–10 тыс. лет назад. Наиболее яркие из них – это гены изменения окраски шерстного покрова, который во многих случаях служил признаком, различавшим примитивные породы. Полногеномный анализ ассоциаций у российских пород позволил выявить новый ген-кандидат, связанный с фенотипом «белая голова», и ген, связанный с поддержанием температуры тела при сильном холодном стрессе. Обобщенные в обзоре данные могут быть использованы для выбора генетических маркеров для селекции (и/или геномного редактирования) при создании нового поколения высокопродуктивных пород, адаптированных к условиям Российской Федерации и других стран со схожими климатическими условиями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Our review presents several recent studies on the genetic history and signatures of selection in genomes of the native Russian cattle breeds. Most of these works are not easily accessible for the Russian-speaking audience. We describe the origins of appearance of the Russian cattle breeds from the genetics perspective. We point to the links between most of the Russian breeds with the taurine breeds of the European origin and for some Russian breeds with the breeds of the Asian origin. We describe major phylogenetic clusters of the Russian breeds and point to those that still maintain their unique genetics, meaning that their preservation is a priority. In addition, we review the results of the search for signatures of selection in genomes of the Russian cattle breeds. Some unique signatures of selection present in the genomes of so-called “turano-mongolian” cattle (i. e. the Yakut cattle) are described which allowed the Yakut cattle to adapt to harsh environments found above the Polar Circle. Signatures of selection which could help other cattle breeds of the Russian origin to adapt to various climatic condition of the Russian Federation are reviewed. The Russian cattle genomes also contain known signatures of selection related to cattle domestication about 8–10 thousand years ago. The most profound ones include genes related to changes of the coat colour. This phenotype in many cases could be related to the distinction of the first domesticated populations and lead to the formation of so-called land races (primitive breeds). Whole-genome association studies of Russian cattle breeds pointed to a novel gene which could be related to the “white-faced” phenotype and to a gene which is related to body temperature support under the acute cold stress. The data presented in our review could be used for identification of genetic markers to focus on in future efforts on designing new highly productive cattle breeds adapted to climates of the Russian Federation and other countries with similar climates.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd><kwd>порода</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>отбор</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>однонуклеотидный полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>климат</kwd><kwd>полногеномный анализ ассоциаций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>breed</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide polymorphism</kwd><kwd>climate</kwd><kwd>genome-wide association study</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project 16-14-00090.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдов В.Н. Эколого-генетические основы распределения популяций Bos taurus в Байкальской Сибири. Вестн. Бурят. гос. ун-та. 2012;4:128-129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davydov V.N. Ecological and genetic bases of the Bos taurus population distribution in the Baikal region. Vestnik Buryatskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta = Bulletin of the Buryat State University. 2012;4:128-129. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дмитриев Н.Г. Породы скота по странам мира. Справ. книга. Л.: Колос, 1978.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitriev N.G. Breed Cattle by Countries of the World. Leningrad: Kolos Publ., 1978.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дунин И.М., Данкверт А.Г. (ред.) Справочник пород и типов сельскохозяйственных животных, разводимых в Российской Федерации. М.: ВНИИплем, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunin I.M., Dankvert A.G. (Eds.) Breeds and Types of Farm Animals in the Russian Federation. Moscow: All-Russia Research Institute of Animal Breeding, 2013. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зиновьева Н.А., Доцев А.В., Сермягин А.А., Виммерс К., Рейер Х., Солкнер Й., Денискова Т.Е., Брем Г. Изучение генетического разнообразия и популяционной структуры российских пород крупного рогатого скота с использованием полногеномного анализа SNP. С.-х. биология. 2016;51(6):788-800. DOI 10.15389/agrobiology.2016.6.788rus.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zinovieva N.A., Dotsev A.V., Sermyagin A.A., Wimmers K., Reyer H., Sölkner J., Deniskova T.E., Brem G. Study of genetic diversity and population structure of five Russian cattle breeds using whole-genome SNP analysis. Selskokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2016;51(6);788-800. DOI 10.15389/agrobiology.2016.6.788eng.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колесник Н.Н. Происхождение домашних видов животных турано-монгольской группы. М., 1936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolesnik N.N. The Origin of Domesticated Species of the TuranMongolian Group. Moscow, 1936. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кушнир А.В., Глазко В.И. Серый украинский скот и его близкородственные формы. Сиб. экол. журн. 2009;16(3):495-506.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kushnir A.V., Glazko V.I. Gray Ukrainian cattle and their closely related forms. Contemporary Problems of Ecology. 2009;3(3):288295. DOI 10.1134/S1995425509030205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларкин Д.М., Юдин Н.С. Значимость геномных исследований в истории формирования домашних животных. Молекуляр. генетика, микробиология и вирусология. 2016;4:123-128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larkin D.M., Yudin N.S. The genomes and history of domestic animals. Molekulyarnaya Genetika, Mikrobiologiya i Virusologiya = Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 2016;31(4):197202. DOI 10.3103/S0891416816040054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Моисеева И.Г., Уханов С.В., Столповский Ю.А., Сулимова Г.Е., Каштанов С.Н. Генофонды сельскохозяйственных животных. Генетические ресурсы животноводства России. М.: Наука, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moiseeva I.G., Ukhanov S.V., Stolpovsky Yu.A., Sulimova G.E., Kashtanov S.N. Gene Pools of Farm Animals. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 2006. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юдин Н.С., Белоногова Н.М., Ларкин Д.М. Выявление генов, вовлеченных в контроль белой окраски головы, с использованием полногеномного анализа ассоциаций. Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018;22(2):217-223. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudin N.S., Belonogova N.M., Larkin D.M. Genes related to the white face colour pattern in eight Russian cattle breeds. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(2):217-223. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.350 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beynon S.E., Slavov G.T., Farré M., Sunduimijid B., Waddams K., Davies B., Haresign W., Kijas J., MacLeod I.M., Newbold C.J., Davies L., Larkin D.M. Population structure and history of the Welsh sheep breeds determined by whole genome genotyping. BMC Genet. 2015;16:65. DOI 10.1186/s12863-015-0216-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beynon S.E., Slavov G.T., Farré M., Sunduimijid B., Waddams K., Davies B., Haresign W., Kijas J., MacLeod I.M., Newbold C.J., Davies L., Larkin D.M. Population structure and history of the Welsh sheep breeds determined by whole genome genotyping. BMC Genet. 2015;16:65. DOI 10.1186/s12863-015-0216-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boichard D., Brochard M. New phenotypes for new breeding goals in dairy cattle. Animal. 2012;6(4):544-550. DOI 10.1017/S1751731112000018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boichard D., Brochard M. New phenotypes for new breeding goals in dairy cattle. Animal. 2012;6(4):544-550. DOI 10.1017/S1751731112000018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bovine HapMap Consortium, Gibbs R.A., Taylor J.F., Van Tassell C.P., Barendse W., Eversole K.A., Gill C.A., Green R.D., Hamernik D.L., Kappes S.M., Lien S., Matukumalli L.K., McEwan J.C., Nazareth L.V., Schnabel R.D., Weinstock G.M., Wheeler D.A., AjmoneMarsan P., Boettcher P.J., Caetano A.R., Garcia J.F., Hanotte O., Mariani P., Skow L.C., Sonstegard T.S., Williams J.L., Diallo B., Hailemariam L., Martinez M.L., Morris C.A., Silva L.O., Spelman R.J., Mulatu W., Zhao K., Abbey C.A., Agaba M., Araujo F.R., Bunch R.J., Burton J., Gorni C., Olivier H., Harrison B.E., Luff B., Machado M.A., Mwakaya J., Plastow G., Sim W., Smith T., Thomas M.B., Valentini A., Williams P., Womack J., Woolliams J.A., Liu Y., Qin X., Worley K.C., Gao C., Jiang H., Moore S.S., Ren Y., Song X.Z., Bustamante C.D., Hernandez R.D., Muzny D.M., Patil S., San Lucas A., Fu Q., Kent M.P., Vega R., Matukumalli A., McWilliam S., Sclep G., Bryc K., Choi J., Gao H., Grefenstette J.J., Murdoch B., Stella A., Villa-Angulo R., Wright M., Aerts J., Jann O., Negrini R., Goddard M.E., Hayes B.J., Bradley D.G., Barbosa da Silva M., Lau L.P., Liu G.E., Lynn D.J., Panzitta F., Dodds K.G. Genome-wide survey of SNP variation uncovers the genetic structure of cattle breeds. Science. 2009;324(5926):528-532. DOI 10.1126/science.1167936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bovine HapMap Consortium, Gibbs R.A., Taylor J.F., Van Tassell C.P., Barendse W., Eversole K.A., Gill C.A., Green R.D., Hamernik D.L., Kappes S.M., Lien S., Matukumalli L.K., McEwan J.C., Nazareth L.V., Schnabel R.D., Weinstock G.M., Wheeler D.A., AjmoneMarsan P., Boettcher P.J., Caetano A.R., Garcia J.F., Hanotte O., Mariani P., Skow L.C., Sonstegard T.S., Williams J.L., Diallo B., Hailemariam L., Martinez M.L., Morris C.A., Silva L.O., Spelman R.J., Mulatu W., Zhao K., Abbey C.A., Agaba M., Araujo F.R., Bunch R.J., Burton J., Gorni C., Olivier H., Harrison B.E., Luff B., Machado M.A., Mwakaya J., Plastow G., Sim W., Smith T., Thomas M.B., Valentini A., Williams P., Womack J., Woolliams J.A., Liu Y., Qin X., Worley K.C., Gao C., Jiang H., Moore S.S., Ren Y., Song X.Z., Bustamante C.D., Hernandez R.D., Muzny D.M., Patil S., San Lucas A., Fu Q., Kent M.P., Vega R., Matukumalli A., McWilliam S., Sclep G., Bryc K., Choi J., Gao H., Grefenstette J.J., Murdoch B., Stella A., Villa-Angulo R., Wright M., Aerts J., Jann O., Negrini R., Goddard M.E., Hayes B.J., Bradley D.G., Barbosa da Silva M., Lau L.P., Liu G.E., Lynn D.J., Panzitta F., Dodds K.G. Genome-wide survey of SNP variation uncovers the genetic structure of cattle breeds. Science. 2009;324(5926):528-532. DOI 10.1126/science.1167936.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buchanan D.S., Lenstra J.A. Breeds of Cattle. In: Garrick D.J., Ruvinsky A. (Eds.) The Genetics of Cattle. 2nd edn. CAB International, 2015;33-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buchanan D.S., Lenstra J.A. Breeds of Cattle. In: Garrick D.J., Ruvinsky A. (Eds.) The Genetics of Cattle. 2nd edn. CAB International, 2015;33-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cardona A., Pagani L., Antao T., Lawson D.J., Eichstaedt C.A., Yngvadottir B., Shwe M.T., Wee J., Romero I.G., Raj S., Metspalu M., Villems R., Willerslev E., Tyler-Smith C., Malyarchuk B.A., Derenko M.V., Kivisild T. Genome-wide analysis of cold adaptation in indigenous Siberian populations. PLoS One. 2014;9:e98076. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cardona A., Pagani L., Antao T., Lawson D.J., Eichstaedt C.A., Yngvadottir B., Shwe M.T., Wee J., Romero I.G., Raj S., Metspalu M., Villems R., Willerslev E., Tyler-Smith C., Malyarchuk B.A., Derenko M.V., Kivisild T. Genome-wide analysis of cold adaptation in indigenous Siberian populations. PLoS One. 2014;9:e98076. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Decker J.E., McKay S.D., Rolf M.M., Kim J., Molina Alcalá A., Sonstegard T.S., Hanotte O., Götherström A., Seabury C.M., Praharani L., Babar M.E., Correia de Almeida Regitano L., Yildiz M.A., Heaton M.P., Liu W.S., Lei C.Z., Reecy J.M., Saif-Ur-Rehman M., Schnabel R.D., Taylor J.F. Worldwide patterns of ancestry, divergence, and admixture in domesticated cattle. PLoS Genet. 2014; 10(3):e1004254. DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004254.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decker J.E., McKay S.D., Rolf M.M., Kim J., Molina Alcalá A., Sonstegard T.S., Hanotte O., Götherström A., Seabury C.M., Praharani L., Babar M.E., Correia de Almeida Regitano L., Yildiz M.A., Heaton M.P., Liu W.S., Lei C.Z., Reecy J.M., Saif-Ur-Rehman M., Schnabel R.D., Taylor J.F. Worldwide patterns of ancestry, divergence, and admixture in domesticated cattle. PLoS Genet. 2014; 10(3):e1004254. DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004254.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dmitriev N.G., Ernst L.K. Animal genetics resources of the USSR. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 1989. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/ah759e/ah759e00.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitriev N.G., Ernst L.K. Animal genetics resources of the USSR. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 1989. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/ah759e/ah759e00.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorshorst B., Henegar C., Liao X., Sällman Almén M., Rubin C.J., Ito S., Wakamatsu K., Stothard P., Van Doormaal B., Plastow G., Barsh G.S., Andersson L. Dominant red coat color in Holstein cattle is associated with a missense mutation in the Coatomer Protein Complex, Subunit Alpha (COPA) gene. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0128969. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0128969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dorshorst B., Henegar C., Liao X., Sällman Almén M., Rubin C.J., Ito S., Wakamatsu K., Stothard P., Van Doormaal B., Plastow G., Barsh G.S., Andersson L. Dominant red coat color in Holstein cattle is associated with a missense mutation in the Coatomer Protein Complex, Subunit Alpha (COPA) gene. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0128969. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0128969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao Y., Wu H., Wang Y., Liu X., Chen L., Li Q., Cui C., Liu X., Zhang J., Zhang Y. Single Cas9 nickase induced generation of NRAMP1 knockin cattle with reduced off-target effects. Genome Biol. 2017;18(1):13. DOI 10.1186/s13059-016-1144-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao Y., Wu H., Wang Y., Liu X., Chen L., Li Q., Cui C., Liu X., Zhang J., Zhang Y. Single Cas9 nickase induced generation of NRAMP1 knockin cattle with reduced off-target effects. Genome Biol. 2017;18(1):13. DOI 10.1186/s13059-016-1144-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaouar S.B., Da Silva A., Ciani E., Kdidi S., Aouissat M., Dhimi L., Lafri M., Maftah A., Mehtar N. Admixture and local breed marginalization threaten Algerian sheep diversity. PLoS One. 2015;10(4): e0122667. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0122667.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaouar S.B., Da Silva A., Ciani E., Kdidi S., Aouissat M., Dhimi L., Lafri M., Maftah A., Mehtar N. Admixture and local breed marginalization threaten Algerian sheep diversity. PLoS One. 2015;10(4): e0122667. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0122667.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Howard J.T., Kachman S.D., Snelling W.M., Pollak E.J., Ciobanu D.C., Kuehn L.A., Spangler M.L. Beef cattle body temperature during climatic stress: a genome-wide association study. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2014;58(7):1665-1672. DOI 10.1007/s00484-013-0773-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Howard J.T., Kachman S.D., Snelling W.M., Pollak E.J., Ciobanu D.C., Kuehn L.A., Spangler M.L. Beef cattle body temperature during climatic stress: a genome-wide association study. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2014;58(7):1665-1672. DOI 10.1007/s00484-013-0773-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Igoshin A.V., Yurchenko A.A., Belonogova N.M., Petrovsky D.V., Aitnazarov R.B., Soloshenko V.A., Yudin N.S., Larkin D.M. Genome-wide association study and scan for signatures of selection point to candidate genes for body temperature maintenance under the cold stress in Siberian cattle populations. BMC Genetics. 2019; 20(Suppl.1):26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Igoshin A.V., Yurchenko A.A., Belonogova N.M., Petrovsky D.V., Aitnazarov R.B., Soloshenko V.A., Yudin N.S., Larkin D.M. Genome-wide association study and scan for signatures of selection point to candidate genes for body temperature maintenance under the cold stress in Siberian cattle populations. BMC Genetics. 2019; 20(Suppl.1):26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Islam F., Gopalan V., Lam A.K. RETREG1 (FAM134B): a new player in human diseases: 15 years after the discovery in cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 2018;233(6):4479-4489. DOI 10.1002/jcp.26384.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Islam F., Gopalan V., Lam A.K. RETREG1 (FAM134B): a new player in human diseases: 15 years after the discovery in cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 2018;233(6):4479-4489. DOI 10.1002/jcp.26384.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iso-Touru T., Tapio M., Vilkki J., Kiseleva T., Ammosov I., Ivanova Z., Popov R., Ozerov M., Kantanen J. Genetic diversity and genomic signatures of selection among cattle breeds from Siberia, eastern and northern Europe. Anim. Genet. 2016;47(6):647-657. DOI 10.1111/age.12473.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iso-Touru T., Tapio M., Vilkki J., Kiseleva T., Ammosov I., Ivanova Z., Popov R., Ozerov M., Kantanen J. Genetic diversity and genomic signatures of selection among cattle breeds from Siberia, eastern and northern Europe. Anim. Genet. 2016;47(6):647-657. DOI 10.1111/age.12473.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jedema H.P., Gold S.J., Gonzalez-Burgos G., Sved A.F., Tobe B.J., Wensel T., Grace A.A. Chronic cold exposure increases RGS7 expression and decreases α2-autoreceptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2008;27(9): 2433-2443.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jedema H.P., Gold S.J., Gonzalez-Burgos G., Sved A.F., Tobe B.J., Wensel T., Grace A.A. Chronic cold exposure increases RGS7 expression and decreases α2-autoreceptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2008;27(9): 2433-2443.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kantanen J., Edwards C.J., Bradley D.G., Viinalass H., Thessler S., Ivanova Z., Kiselyova T., Cinkulov M., Popov R., Stojanović S., Ammosov I., Vilkki J. Maternal and paternal genealogy of Eurasian taurine cattle (Bos taurus). Heredity (Edinb.). 2009;103(5):404-415. DOI 10.1038/hdy.2009.68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kantanen J., Edwards C.J., Bradley D.G., Viinalass H., Thessler S., Ivanova Z., Kiselyova T., Cinkulov M., Popov R., Stojanović S., Ammosov I., Vilkki J. Maternal and paternal genealogy of Eurasian taurine cattle (Bos taurus). Heredity (Edinb.). 2009;103(5):404-415. DOI 10.1038/hdy.2009.68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kassahun Y., Mattiangeli V., Ameni G., Hailu E., Aseffa A., Young D.B., Hewinson R.G., Vordermeier H.M., Bradley D.G. Admixture mapping of tuberculosis and pigmentation-related traits in an AfricanEuropean hybrid cattle population. Front. Genet. 2015;6:210. DOI 10.3389/fgene.2015.00210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kassahun Y., Mattiangeli V., Ameni G., Hailu E., Aseffa A., Young D.B., Hewinson R.G., Vordermeier H.M., Bradley D.G. Admixture mapping of tuberculosis and pigmentation-related traits in an AfricanEuropean hybrid cattle population. Front. Genet. 2015;6:210. DOI 10.3389/fgene.2015.00210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurth I., Pamminger T., Hennings J.C., Soehendra D., Huebner A.K., Rotthier A., Baets J., Senderek J., Topaloglu H., Farrell S.A., Nürnberg G., Nürnberg P., De Jonghe P., Gal A., Kaether C., Timmerman V., Hübner C.A. Mutations in FAM134B, encoding a newly identified Golgi protein, cause severe sensory and autonomic neuropathy. Nat. Genet. 2009;41(11):1179-1181. DOI 10.1038/ng.464.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurth I., Pamminger T., Hennings J.C., Soehendra D., Huebner A.K., Rotthier A., Baets J., Senderek J., Topaloglu H., Farrell S.A., Nürnberg G., Nürnberg P., De Jonghe P., Gal A., Kaether C., Timmerman V., Hübner C.A. Mutations in FAM134B, encoding a newly identified Golgi protein, cause severe sensory and autonomic neuropathy. Nat. Genet. 2009;41(11):1179-1181. DOI 10.1038/ng.464.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li M.H., Kantanen J. Genetic structure of Eurasian cattle (Bos taurus) based on microsatellites: clarification for their breed classification. Anim. Genet. 2010;41(2):150-158. DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01980.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li M.H., Kantanen J. Genetic structure of Eurasian cattle (Bos taurus) based on microsatellites: clarification for their breed classification. Anim. Genet. 2010;41(2):150-158. DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01980.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loftus R.T., MacHugh D.E., Bradley D.G., Sharp P.M., Cunningham P. Evidence for two independent domestications of cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1994;91(7):2757-2761.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loftus R.T., MacHugh D.E., Bradley D.G., Sharp P.M., Cunningham P. Evidence for two independent domestications of cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1994;91(7):2757-2761.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mandal N.A., Tran J.T., Saadi A., Rahman A.K., Huynh T.P., Klein W.H., Cho J.H. Expression and localization of CERKL in the mammalian retina, its response to light-stress, and relationship with NeuroD1 gene. Exp. Eye Res. 2013;106:24-33. DOI 10.1016/j.exer. 2012.10.014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mandal N.A., Tran J.T., Saadi A., Rahman A.K., Huynh T.P., Klein W.H., Cho J.H. Expression and localization of CERKL in the mammalian retina, its response to light-stress, and relationship with NeuroD1 gene. Exp. Eye Res. 2013;106:24-33. DOI 10.1016/j.exer. 2012.10.014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mannen H., Kohno M., Nagata Y., Tsuji S., Bradley D.G., Yeo J.S., Nyamsamba D., Zagdsuren Y., Yokohama M., Nomura K., Amano T. Independent mitochondrial origin and historical genetic differentiation in North Eastern Asian cattle. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2004; 32(2):539-544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mannen H., Kohno M., Nagata Y., Tsuji S., Bradley D.G., Yeo J.S., Nyamsamba D., Zagdsuren Y., Yokohama M., Nomura K., Amano T. Independent mitochondrial origin and historical genetic differentiation in North Eastern Asian cattle. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2004; 32(2):539-544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matukumalli L.K., Lawley C.T., Schnabel R.D., Taylor J.F., Allan M.F., Heaton M.P., O’Connell J., Moore S.S., Smith T.P., Sonstegard T.S., Van Tassell C.P. Development and characterization of a high density SNP genotyping assay for cattle. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5350. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matukumalli L.K., Lawley C.T., Schnabel R.D., Taylor J.F., Allan M.F., Heaton M.P., O’Connell J., Moore S.S., Smith T.P., Sonstegard T.S., Van Tassell C.P. Development and characterization of a high density SNP genotyping assay for cattle. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5350. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005350.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKay S.D., Schnabel R.D., Murdoch B.M., Matukumalli L.K., Aerts J., Coppieters W., Crews D., Dias Neto E., Gill C.A., Gao C., Mannen H., Wang Z., Van Tassell C.P., Williams J.L., Taylor J.F., Moore S.S. An assessment of population structure in eight breeds of cattle using a whole genome SNP panel. BMC Genet. 2008;9:37. DOI 10.1186/1471-2156-9-37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKay S.D., Schnabel R.D., Murdoch B.M., Matukumalli L.K., Aerts J., Coppieters W., Crews D., Dias Neto E., Gill C.A., Gao C., Mannen H., Wang Z., Van Tassell C.P., Williams J.L., Taylor J.F., Moore S.S. An assessment of population structure in eight breeds of cattle using a whole genome SNP panel. BMC Genet. 2008;9:37. DOI 10.1186/1471-2156-9-37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mucha S., Bunger L., Conington J. Genome-wide association study of footrot in Texel sheep. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2015;47:35. DOI 10.1186/s12711-015-0119-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mucha S., Bunger L., Conington J. Genome-wide association study of footrot in Texel sheep. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2015;47:35. DOI 10.1186/s12711-015-0119-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pokharel K., Weldenegodguad M., Popov R., Honkatukia M., Huuki H., Lindeberg H., Peippo J., Reilas T., Zarovnyaev S., Kantanen J. Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub-arctic conditions. Anim. Genet. 2019;50(3):217227. DOI 10.1111/age.12783.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pokharel K., Weldenegodguad M., Popov R., Honkatukia M., Huuki H., Lindeberg H., Peippo J., Reilas T., Zarovnyaev S., Kantanen J. Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub-arctic conditions. Anim. Genet. 2019;50(3):217227. DOI 10.1111/age.12783.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sengupta T., Jaryal A.K., Mallick H.N. Effects of NMDA and nonNMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in the medial preoptic area on body temperature in awake rats. J. Therm. Biol. 2016;61:1-7. DOI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.07.020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sengupta T., Jaryal A.K., Mallick H.N. Effects of NMDA and nonNMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in the medial preoptic area on body temperature in awake rats. J. Therm. Biol. 2016;61:1-7. DOI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.07.020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sermyagin A.A., Dotsev A.V., Gladyr E.A., Traspov A.A., Deniskova T.E., Kostyunina O.V., Reyer H., Wimmers K., Barbato M., Paronyan I.A., Plemyashov K.V., Sölkner J., Popov R.G., Brem G., Zinovieva N.A. Whole-genome SNP analysis elucidates the genetic structure of Russian cattle and its relationship with Eurasian taurine breeds. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2018;50(1):37. DOI 10.1186/s12711-018-0408-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sermyagin A.A., Dotsev A.V., Gladyr E.A., Traspov A.A., Deniskova T.E., Kostyunina O.V., Reyer H., Wimmers K., Barbato M., Paronyan I.A., Plemyashov K.V., Sölkner J., Popov R.G., Brem G., Zinovieva N.A. Whole-genome SNP analysis elucidates the genetic structure of Russian cattle and its relationship with Eurasian taurine breeds. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2018;50(1):37. DOI 10.1186/s12711-018-0408-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Upadhyay M.R., Chen W., Lenstra J.A., Goderie C.R., MacHugh D.E., Park S.D., Magee D.A., Matassino D., Ciani F., Megens H.J., van Arendonk J.A., Groenen M.A.; European Cattle Genetic Diversity Consortium; RPMA Crooijmans. Genetic origin, admixture and population history of aurochs (Bos primigenius) and primitive European cattle. Heredity. 2017;118(2):169-176. DOI 10.1038/hdy.2016.79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Upadhyay M.R., Chen W., Lenstra J.A., Goderie C.R., MacHugh D.E., Park S.D., Magee D.A., Matassino D., Ciani F., Megens H.J., van Arendonk J.A., Groenen M.A.; European Cattle Genetic Diversity Consortium; RPMA Crooijmans. Genetic origin, admixture and population history of aurochs (Bos primigenius) and primitive European cattle. Heredity. 2017;118(2):169-176. DOI 10.1038/hdy.2016.79.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valverde G., Zhou H., Lippold S., de Filippo C., Tang K., López Herráez D., Li J., Stoneking M. A novel candidate region for genetic adaptation to high altitude in Andean populations. PLoS One. 2015; 10(5):e0125444. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0125444.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valverde G., Zhou H., Lippold S., de Filippo C., Tang K., López Herráez D., Li J., Stoneking M. A novel candidate region for genetic adaptation to high altitude in Andean populations. PLoS One. 2015; 10(5):e0125444. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0125444.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Binsbergen R., Calus M.P., Bink M.C., van Eeuwijk F.A., Schrooten C., Veerkamp R.F. Genomic prediction using imputed wholegenome sequence data in Holstein Friesian cattle. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2015;47:71. DOI 10.1186/s12711-015-0149-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Binsbergen R., Calus M.P., Bink M.C., van Eeuwijk F.A., Schrooten C., Veerkamp R.F. Genomic prediction using imputed wholegenome sequence data in Holstein Friesian cattle. Genet. Sel. Evol. 2015;47:71. DOI 10.1186/s12711-015-0149-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weldenegodguad M., Popov R., Pokharel K., Ammosov I., Ming Y., Ivanova Z., Kantanen J. Whole-genome sequencing of three native cattle breeds originating from the Northernmost cattle farming regions. Front. Genet. 2019;9:728. DOI 10.3389/fgene.2018.00728.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weldenegodguad M., Popov R., Pokharel K., Ammosov I., Ming Y., Ivanova Z., Kantanen J. Whole-genome sequencing of three native cattle breeds originating from the Northernmost cattle farming regions. Front. Genet. 2019;9:728. DOI 10.3389/fgene.2018.00728.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu S., De Croos J.N., Storey K.B. Cold acclimation-induced up-regulation of the ribosomal protein L7 gene in the freeze tolerant wood frog, Rana sylvatica. Gene. 2008;424(1-2):48-55. DOI 10.1016/j.gene.2008.07.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu S., De Croos J.N., Storey K.B. Cold acclimation-induced up-regulation of the ribosomal protein L7 gene in the freeze tolerant wood frog, Rana sylvatica. Gene. 2008;424(1-2):48-55. DOI 10.1016/j.gene.2008.07.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie L., Jin L., Feng J., Lv J. The expression of AQP5 and UTs in the sweat glands of uremic patients. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017;2017:8629783. DOI 10.1155/2017/8629783.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie L., Jin L., Feng J., Lv J. The expression of AQP5 and UTs in the sweat glands of uremic patients. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017;2017:8629783. DOI 10.1155/2017/8629783.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeh T.Y., Beiswenger K.K., Li P., Bolin K.E., Lee R.M., Tsao T.S., Murphy A.N., Hevener A.L., Chi N.W. Hypermetabolism, hyperphagia, and reduced adiposity in tankyrase-deficient mice. Diabetes. 2009;58(11):2476-2485. DOI 10.2337/db08-1781.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeh T.Y., Beiswenger K.K., Li P., Bolin K.E., Lee R.M., Tsao T.S., Murphy A.N., Hevener A.L., Chi N.W. Hypermetabolism, hyperphagia, and reduced adiposity in tankyrase-deficient mice. Diabetes. 2009;58(11):2476-2485. DOI 10.2337/db08-1781.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yudin N.S., Larkin D.M., Ignatieva E.V. A compendium and functional characterization of mammalian genes involved in adaptation to Arctic or Antarctic environments. BMC Genet. 2017;18(Suppl.1):111. DOI 10.1186/s12863-017-0580-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudin N.S., Larkin D.M., Ignatieva E.V. A compendium and functional characterization of mammalian genes involved in adaptation to Arctic or Antarctic environments. BMC Genet. 2017;18(Suppl.1):111. DOI 10.1186/s12863-017-0580-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yurchenko A., Yudin N., Aitnazarov R., Plyusnina A., Brukhin V., Soloshenko V., Lhasaranov B., Popov R., Paronyan I.A., Plemyashov K.V., Larkin D.M. Genome-wide genotyping uncovers genetic profiles and history of the Russian cattle breeds. Heredity (Edinb.). 2018;120(2):125-137. DOI 10.1038/s41437-017-0024-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yurchenko A., Yudin N., Aitnazarov R., Plyusnina A., Brukhin V., Soloshenko V., Lhasaranov B., Popov R., Paronyan I.A., Plemyashov K.V., Larkin D.M. Genome-wide genotyping uncovers genetic profiles and history of the Russian cattle breeds. Heredity (Edinb.). 2018;120(2):125-137. DOI 10.1038/s41437-017-0024-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang H., Paijmans J.L., Chang F., Wu X., Chen G., Lei C., Yang X., Wei Z., Bradley D.G., Orlando L., O’Connor T., Hofreiter M. Morphological and genetic evidence for early Holocene cattle management in northeastern China. Nat. Commun. 2013;4:2755. DOI 10.1038/ncomms3755.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang H., Paijmans J.L., Chang F., Wu X., Chen G., Lei C., Yang X., Wei Z., Bradley D.G., Orlando L., O’Connor T., Hofreiter M. Morphological and genetic evidence for early Holocene cattle management in northeastern China. Nat. Commun. 2013;4:2755. DOI 10.1038/ncomms3755.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
