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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.526</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2207</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка дифференциации линий в чистокровной верховой породе лошадей с использованием микросателлитов ДНК</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of line differentiation in the Thoroughbred horse breed using DNA microsatellite loci</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2590-8472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храброва</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrabrova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">l.khrabrova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-6385</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блохина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blohina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4501-6642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманов</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleymanov</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7371-8422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рождественская</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhdestvenskaya</surname><given-names>G. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-2657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пустовой</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pustovoy</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт коневодства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>569</fpage><lpage>574</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Храброва Л.А., Блохина Н.В., Сулейманов О.И., Рождественская Г.А., Пустовой В.Ф., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Храброва Л.А., Блохина Н.В., Сулейманов О.И., Рождественская Г.А., Пустовой В.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khrabrova L.A., Blohina N.V., Suleymanov O.I., Rozhdestvenskaya G.А., Pustovoy V.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2207">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2207</self-uri><abstract><p>Чистокровная верховая лошадь является лучшей породой для использования в скаковой индустрии. Почти около 300 лет эта порода имеет закрытую племенную книгу. В России чистокровных верховых лошадей разводят со второй половины XVIII в. Современный российский племенной регистр чистокровных верховых лошадей частично представлен жеребцами и племенными кобылами, импортированными из разных стран. Генеалогическая структура породы включает 17 линий, среди которых явно доминирует линия Northern Dancer (30.9 %). С целью оценки генетической дифференциации генеалогической структуры чистокровной верховой породы было проведено изучение особенностей разных линий с использованием 17 локусов микросателлитов ДНК (VHL20, HTG4, AHT4, HMS7, HTG6, AHT5, HMS6, ASB23, ASB2, HTG10, HTG7, HMS3, HMS2, ASB17, LEX3, HMS1 и CA425). Результаты генотипирования 8 091 чистокровной верховой лошади по панельным микросателлитным локусам свидетельствуют, что аллелофонд отечественной популяции представлен 100 аллелями, типичными для этой породы. Сравнительный анализ лошадей разных линий показал, что они различаются по числу аллелей (85–99), частотам встречаемости аллелей, уровню полиморфности Ae (2.93–3.48) и степени фактической гетерозиготности Ho (0.653–0.739). Генетические дистанции между линиями варьировали в широком диапазоне: от 0.014 (Nasrullah – Northern Dancer) до 0.125 (Massine – Teddy). Соответствие распределению HWE наблюдали во всех линиях, что подтверждают отрицательные значения Fis. Кластерный анализ продемонстрировал соответствие полученной дендрограммы генетических дистанций по Nei генеалогической схеме линий. Генетическая дифференциация линий по индексу Fst варьировала в интервале 0.005–0.073 при среднем значении Fst = 0.024.</p><p>Полученные данные свидетельствуют о генетической дифференциации линий чистокровной верховой породы по STR-маркерам и подтверждают эффективность системы линейного разведения для поддержания внутрипородного биоразнообразия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Thoroughbred (TB) horse is the best racehorse breed used in the racing industry. This breed has had a closed studbook for about 300 years. In Russia TB horses have been bred since the second half of the XVIII century. The modern Russian Stud Book register of TB horses is partially presented by stallions and broodmares imported from different countries. The genealogical structure of the breed is represented by 17 lines, among which the Northern Dancer line dominates (30.9 %). The study of features of different lines of TB was carried out on 17 loci of DNA microsatellites (VHL20, HTG4, AHT4, HMS7, HTG6, AHT5, HMS6, ASB23, ASB2, HTG10, HTG7, HMS3, HMS2, ASB17, LEX3, HMS1 and CA425) to assess genetic differentiation of the genealogical structure. The results of the DNA typing of 8091 Thoroughbred horses across microsatellite loci show that the gene pool of the domestic population is represented by 100 alleles typical of the breed. A comparative analysis of the genotypes of horses representing different lines indicates that they differ in the number of alleles (85–99), allele frequencies, the level of polymorphism Ae (2.93–3.48) and the degree of the observed heterozygosity Ho (0.653–0.739). The genetic distances between the lines varied in a wide range from 0.014 (Nasrullah – Northern Dancer) to 0.125 (Massine – Teddy). The correspondence to HWE was maintained in most lines, which is confirmed by the negative values of Fis. Cluster analysis demonstrated the correspondence of the obtained dendrogram of Nei’s genetic distances to its genealogical scheme of lines. Genetic differentiation of lines by index Fst varied in a range 0.005–0.073 at the mean value Fst = 0.024. The data indicate genetic differentiation of lines of TB at the STR markers and confirm the effectiveness of the system of linear breeding for the maintenance of interbreed biodiversity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd><kwd>лошадь</kwd><kwd>линейная структура</kwd><kwd>микросателлит ДНК</kwd><kwd>популяционный анализ</kwd><kwd>чистокровная верховая порода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd><kwd>horse</kwd><kwd>linear structure</kwd><kwd>microsatellite DNA</kwd><kwd>population analysis</kwd><kwd>Thoroughbred</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barmintsev Yu.N. Horse Breeding and Equestrian Sport. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barmintsev Yu.N. Horse Breeding and Equestrian Sport. 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