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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.536</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Иммунитет растений к болезням</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Plant immunity</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Альтернариозные пятнистости гуара</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternaria leaf blight of clusterbean</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3019-0306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eugene_radchenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-7951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-7273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-6775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасич</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasich</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Крымская опытно-селекционная станция – Филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – Branch of Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>641</fpage><lpage>649</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Радченко E.E., Абдуллаев Р.А., Алпатьева Н.В., Путина О.В., Гасич Е.Л., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Радченко E.E., Абдуллаев Р.А., Алпатьева Н.В., Путина О.В., Гасич Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Radchenko Е.Е., Abdullaev R.A., Alpatieva N.V., Putina O.V., Gasich E.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2253">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2253</self-uri><abstract><p>Однолетняя  бобоваякультурагуар (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba  (L.) Taub.) перспективна для выращивания на юге России. В 2018 г. были проведены фитосанитарные обследования посевов  гуара (13 коллекционных  образцов) в пяти филиалах ВИР (Краснодарский край, Дагестан, Астраханская и Волгоградская области). Во всех пунктах на листьях гуара отмечено несколько типов листовых пятнистостей,  среди  которых преобладали симптомы поражения растений  грибами  рода  Alternaria Nees. Видовой состав микромицетов идентифицировали с помощью микробиологических методов и высокопроизводительного секвенирования последовательности межгенного спейсера гена ядерной рибосомальной РНК (ITS2). Установлено, что грибы Alternaria spp. в различных эколого-географических условиях юга России вызывают два основных  типа пятнистостей  листьев: типичную (бежевые и бурые округлые пятна, обычно сопровождающиеся концентрической зональностью) и коричневую пятнистость  (мелкие бурые выпуклые сливающиеся  пятна). В большинстве случаев  поражение тканей листа вызвано  грибом A. tenuissima (Nees &amp; T. Nees : Fr.) Wiltshire. Выявлена также сопутствующая микофлора (прежде всего, грибы рода Fusarium Link). Один из самых вредоносных патогенов  гуара в странах, где сосредоточены основные  посевные  площади  (Индия, Пакистан, США), – специализированный микромицет A. cyamopsidis Rangaswami &amp; A.V. Rao на посевах в России не обнаружен.  Образцы гуара различаются по степени поражения возбудителем альтернариоза A. tenuissima. Показано дифференциальное взаимодействие паразита  и хозяина. Соответственно,  для предотвращения эпифитотий следует выращивать  сорта, защищенные  нетождественными генами устойчивости.  Во всех пунктах изучения  слабо поражались альтернариозом образцы  к-52568 (Аргентина) и к-52569 (Пакистан), ряд образцов был устойчив только в условиях одной или двух опытных станций. Изученные формы гетерогенны по устойчивости к патогену, что предоставляет возможность отбора резистентных к болезни линий из большей части коллекционных  образцов. Так, в различных филиалах ВИР из образцов к-52571, к-52573 и к-52580 отобраны растения без симптомов поражения, собран семенной материал, который может быть использован для создания  новых доноров устойчивости к болезни.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The annual  legume  crop clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba  (L.) Taub.) is a promising  crop for cultivation  in the south of Russia. In 2018, phytosanitary examinations of clusterbean fields (13 collection accessions) were conducted in five VIR branches (Krasnodar Territory, Dagestan,  Astrakhan and Volgograd Regions). At all points,  several types of leaf spots were observed on clusterbean leaves and symptoms of plant damage by fungi of the genus  Alternaria Nees prevailed.  Using microbiological  methods and  Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the  nuclear  ribosomal internal  transcribed spacer  two (ITS2), the  species  composition of micromycetes was identified.  It was found  that the  micromycetes Alternaria spp. in different  ecological  and  geographical conditions of the  south  of Russia cause two main types of leaf spots: the typical (beige and brown round spots, usually accompanied by concentric zonality) and brown  spot (small brown  bulging  merging spots). Overwhelmingly  the damage to leaf tissues is caused  by the fungus  A. tenuissima (Nees &amp; T. Nees : Fr.) Wiltshire. A quite  numerous accompanying mycoflora (first of all, fungi of the genus  Fusarium Link) was also detected. A. cyamopsidis Rangaswami &amp; A.V. Rao, one of the most  harmful guar pathogens in the countries  where the main acreage is located  (India, Pakistan, USA), was not found on clusterbean fields in Russia. The accessions  of clusterbean differ in degree of damage by A. tenuissima that causes Alternaria leaf blight. Differential interaction of parasite  and plant  host was revealed.  Therefore, to prevent epiphytotics, varieties protected by non-identical resistance genes  should  be grown.  At all VIR branches, accessions  k-52568 (Argentina) and k-52569 (Pakistan) were weakly damaged by Alternaria leaf blight, and some  accessions  were resistant only in the environmental conditions of one or two experimental stations. The accessions  studied were heterogeneous  in pathogen resistance,  which  allows selecting  disease-resistant lines from most  of the  collection  accessions.  Thus, in various VIR branches, plants  without symptoms of disease  were selected from accessions  k-52571, k-52573 and k-52580, and seeds were collected to create new donors of disease resistance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гуар</kwd><kwd>фитосанитарный мониторинг</kwd><kwd>альтернариоз</kwd><kwd>высокопроизводительное секвенирование (NGS)</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие паразит–растение-хозяин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>clusterbean</kwd><kwd>phytosanitary monitoring</kwd><kwd>Alternaria leaf blight</kwd><kwd>next-generation sequencing (NGS)</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>parasite – host-plant interaction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project RFMEFI60417X0168, agreement 14.604.21.0168. 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