References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ19.538

vavilov-2255

Research Article

Иммунитет растений к болезням

Plant immunity

Достижения и перспективы молекулярно-генетического маркирования устойчивости к некоторым патогенам у видов рода Brassica L.

Molecular-genetic marking of Brassica L. species for resistance against various pathogens: achievements and prospects

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0492-2024

Беренсен

Ф. А.

Berensen

F. A.

Санкт-Петербург.

St. Petersburg.

fberensen@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-8069

Антонова

О. Ю.

Antonova

O. Yu.

Санкт-Петербург.

St. Petersburg.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-5203

Артемьева

А. М.

Artemyeva

А. M.

Санкт-Петербург.

St. Petersburg.

Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian Federation

2019

09102019

236656666

2019

Беренсен Ф.А., Антонова О.Ю., Артемьева А.М.

Berensen F.A., Antonova O.Y., Artemyeva А.M.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2255

Крестоцветные растения, относящиеся к роду Brassica семейства Капустные (Brassicaceae), возделываются как овощные, масличные и кормовые культуры. В Российской Федерации они занимают одно из первых мест по валовому сбору овощей. На урожайность капустных культур негативно влияют различные патогены, в том числе бактериальные, вирусные и грибные инфекции. Такие заболевания, как сосудистый бактериоз (возбудитель Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris), ложная мучнистая роса, или пероноспороз (Hyaloperonospora parasitica), вирус мозаики турнепса (Turnip Mosaic Virus – TuMV), хотя и не входят в список карантинных болезней на территории Российской Федерации и Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС), но могут поражать часть посевных площадей и приводить к значительным (вплоть до 100 %) потерям товарной продукции. Создание устойчивых к этим патогенам сортов является важным направлением в селекции культур Brassica, дополняющим существующие методы агротехнической и химической защиты. Развитие методов молекулярного маркирования и маркер-вспомогательной селекции (MAS) позволяет намного повысить эффективность отбора устойчивых генотипов. В обзоре рассмотрены актуальные сведения об известных генах и локусах количественных признаков (QTL), ассоциированных с устойчивостью к сосудистому бактериозу, пероноспорозу капусты и вирусу TuMV. Приведены данные о локализации генов устойчивости на молекулярных картах геномов видов рода Brassica (B. rapa, B. oleracea, B. napus, B.carinata), разработанных с использованием разных типов молекулярных маркеров (RFLP, AFLP, SSR, EST, SNP, InDel, SLAF и др.). Систематизирована информация о молекулярных маркерах, тесно сцепленных с локусами устойчивости, часть из которых конвертирована в SCAR-, STS- и dCAPS-маркеры для молекулярного скрининга, пригодные для непосредственного применения в практической селекции. Использование приведенных данных для оценки образцов культур рода Brassica может помочь исследователям в поиске источников и доноров генетической устойчивости к рассматриваемым заболеваниям выращиваемых капустных культур.

Cruciferous plants belonging to the genus Brassica of the Cabbage family (Brassicaceae) are cultivated as vegetables, oilseeds and forage crops; they occupy one of the first places in Russia in the gross yield of vegetables. The yield of cabbage crops is adversely affected by various pathogens, including bacterial, viral and fungal infections. The diseases such as black rot of cabbage (caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris), downy mildew (caused by Hyaloperonospora parasitica), Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) are not included in the list of quarantine diseases in the territory of the Russian Federation and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), but they can affect a part of the sown area and lead to significant (up to 100 %) crop losses. The development of cultivars resistant to these pathogens is an important trend in Brassica crop breeding in addition to existing methods of agrotechnical and chemical protection. The development of molecular marker techniques and marker-assisted selection (MAS) methods makes it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of breeding resistant cabbage cultivars. The review contains information on the currently known genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to black rot, downy mildew, and TuMV. Molecular mapping data for resistance genes of Brassica species are shown. The molecular markers (RFLP, AFLP, SSR, EST, SNP, InDel, SLAF and others) closely linked to the resistance loci and SCAR-, STS- and dCAPS-markers derived from them for molecular screening are listed. The use of the markers reviewed to assess the Brassica accessions and lines can help the researchers in finding sources and donors of pathogen resistance of cabbage crops.

BrassicaresistanceXanthomonas campestrisHyaloperonospora parasiticaTuMVMASQTL

This work is fulfilled in the framework of Government Mission No. 0481-2019-0002 “Studying genetic resources of cultivated plants, their wild relatives and forms of own breeding with the help of a complex of modern methods of DNA diagnostics.”

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.