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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.540</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2257</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Селекция на продуктивность и качество</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Breeding for performance and quality</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методический подход к оценке изменчивости признаков продуктивности и качества ягод в генетических коллекциях земляники садовой (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A methodical approach for evaluating the variability of productivity and fruit quality in the genetic collections of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9343-1082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапшин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapshin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">kubansad@kubannet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-2130</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-8168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеглов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcheglov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3654-116X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подорожный</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podorojny</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства,  виноделия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kuban State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Крымская опытно-селекционная станция – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – Branch of Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resourses (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>675</fpage><lpage>682</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лапшин В.И., Яковенко В.В., Щеглов С.Н., Подорожный В.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лапшин В.И., Яковенко В.В., Щеглов С.Н., Подорожный В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lapshin V.I., Yakovenko V.V., Shcheglov S.N., Podorojny V.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2257">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2257</self-uri><abstract><p>Для земляники  садовой  Fragaria × ananassa  Duch. (2n = 8x = 56) – ведущей  ягодной  культуры в мире  – актуально изучение  взаимодействия генотип–среда. Сложный геномный состав, разнообразие систем генетического контроля, а также сильное  модифицирующее влияние  условий выращивания на проявление количественных признаков обусловливают  необходимость совершенствования методов  анализа  генотипической изменчивости хозяйственно ценных признаков, направленных на установление генотипов, характеризующихся стабильностью  и адаптивными качествами  в широком  экологическим диапазоне условий выращивания. В 2016–2018 гг. было изучено  27 сортов земляники садовой в коллекциях Северо-Кавказского федерального научного центра садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия и Крымской опытно-селекционной станции – филиала ВИР. Полевые опыты и учеты поставлены  и проведены по единой схеме. Изучали следующие признаки: число цветоносов (шт./куст), число ягод (шт./куст), средняя масса ягоды и ягоды первого  порядка  (г), общий и товарный  урожай (г/куст), плотность мякоти ягоды (г), содержание сахаров  в ягодах по шкале Брикса (°Bx), сахарокислотный индекс. Цель настоящей  работы – разработка методического  подхода  к оценке  вклада взаимодействия генотип–среда в изменчивость признаков продуктивности и качества ягод земляники  и определение сортов  земляники  со стабильным генотипом. Для решения поставленной задачи использованы математические модели двух- и трехфакторного дисперсионного и кластерного анализов по методу Уорда. По результатам проведенной работы установлено,  что сорта земляники, выращенные в разных климатических условиях, показывают различия в структуре изменчивости признаков продуктивности и качества ягод. Для условий  г. Крымска преобладающим оказалось влияние  генотипа  сорта, а для условий  г. Краснодара,  кроме влияния генотипа сорта, существенной является и средовая компонента в виде взаимодействия генотип–среда. Статистически достоверное влияние зоны выращивания установлено для признаков продуктивности и качества ягод, за исключением  средней массы ягоды. При этом различия средних  значений  признаков у сортов  могут быть как существенными, так и частично или полностью отсутствовать. Для определения перспективных сортов  при выращивании в изучаемых зонах рекомендуется использовать кластерный  анализ по информативному комплексу признаков  с вычислением евклидовых  расстояний для сортов,  выращенных  в разных условиях. Величина евклидова расстояния будет мерой  влияния конкретной среды на генотип растений.  Чем меньше значение евклидового расстояния у сорта, согласно комплексу изученных признаков, тем большей стабильностью характеризуется этот сорт. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For strawberry  (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., 2n = 8x = 56), which is the leading  berry crop in the world, research  into the genotype × environment interaction is important. A complicated genomic composition, the  diversity of genetic control systems, and a strong modifying effect of growing conditions on the implementation of quantitative traits make it necessary to improve  methods for analysis of the  genotypic variability of economically  valuable  traits with the  aim of identifying genotypes that  are characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in a wide ecological  range  of growing  conditions. In 2016–2018, twenty-seven strawberry  varieties were studied in the collections of North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture and Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station, VIR Branch. Field experiments and data counts  were set and carried out according to a single scheme. The following characteristics were studied: the number of inflorescences (units per plant), the number of berries (units per plant), the average  weight  of berry and berry of the first order (g), total and marketable yield (g per plant), firmness of fruit (g), sugar content in berries on Degrees  Brix (°Bx), sugar-acid  index. The purpose of this work was the development of a methodical approach to assessing the contribution of the genotype– environment interaction to the variability of the traits of productivity and fruit quality and the determination of strawberry varieties with a stable  genotype. To this end, the mathematical models  of two- and three-factor analysis of variance and cluster  analysis using Ward’s method were employed. According to the  results  of this work, strawberry  varieties grown in different  climatic conditions show  differences  in the  structure of the  variability of the  traits of productivity and  fruit quality. For the conditions of the city of Krymsk, the influence  of the genotype of the variety was predominant, and for the  conditions of the  city of Krasnodar, in addition  to the  influence  of the  genotype of the  variety, the  environmental component in the form of the genotype–environment interaction is also significant. A statistically significant influence of the growing  zone has been  established for the traits of productivity and fruit quality, with the exception of the average weight of fruit. At the same time, differences in the mean values of the traits of varieties can be both significant and partially or completely absent. To identify varieties with promise for cultivation in the areas studied, it is recommended to use cluster analysis on the informative complex of traits with the calculation  of the Euclidean distances for varieties that were grown under  different  conditions. The magnitude of the Euclidean distance  will be the measure of the influence  of a particular environment on the  genotype of plants. The smaller the  value of the  Euclidean distance  in a variety, according to the complex of the traits studied, the more stable this variety is.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>земляника</kwd><kwd>генотип</kwd><kwd>среда</kwd><kwd>сорта</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>стабильность</kwd><kwd>признаки</kwd><kwd>статистические  методы</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>евклидово расстояние</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>strawberry</kwd><kwd>genotype</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>varieties</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>stability</kwd><kwd>traits</kwd><kwd>statistical  methods</kwd><kwd>cluster  analysis</kwd><kwd>euclidian distance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зубов А.А. Теоретические основы селекции земляники. Мичуринск, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zubov A.A. 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