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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.561</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2339</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Устойчивость растений к биотическим факторам</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндофитные бактерии Bacillus spp. с РНКазной активностью и устойчивость картофеля к вирусам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endophytic Bacillus bacteria with RNase activity in the resistance of potato plants to viruses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-3502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурханова</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burkhanova</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guzel_mur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0443-7547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокань</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-0944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черепанова</surname><given-names>E. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherepanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-7618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарварова</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarvarova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-0786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайруллин</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khairullin</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-3265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>873</fpage><lpage>878</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурханова Г.Ф., Сорокань А.В., Черепанова E.А., Сарварова Е.Р., Хайруллин Р.М., Максимов И.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурханова Г.Ф., Сорокань А.В., Черепанова E.А., Сарварова Е.Р., Хайруллин Р.М., Максимов И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burkhanova G.F., Sorokan A.V., Cherepanova E.A., Sarvarova E.R., Khairullin R.M., Maksimov I.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2339">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2339</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирусные заболевания ежегодно вызывают существенные потери урожая и заметно снижают качество продукции, в том числе важнейшей сельскохозяйственной культуры – картофеля. Антивирусных препаратов для растениеводства, которые были бы безопасны для человека и животных, не существует, и в этих условиях перспективным методом защиты растений является использование биопрепаратов на основе эндофитных микроорганизмов, продуцирующих РНКазы. В работе проанализирована способность ряда эндофитных штаммов Bacillus spp. продуцировать РНКазы и влиять на пораженность растений вирусом М, широко распространенным в средней полосе России, и урожайность раннеспелого сорта картофеля Удача в полевых условиях. Обнаружено, что обработка штаммами бактерий B. subtilis 26Д и B. thuringiensis снижала степень инфицированности растений вирусом М с 60 % в контроле до 18–30 % на участках, обработанных микроорганизмами. Аналогичным образом снизился индекс развития вирусной инфекции: с 14 % в контроле до 1–7 % у инокулированных растений. Кроме того, бактерии с высокой РНКазной активностью вызывали прибавку урожая картофеля до 40 %. Предполагается, что изученные бактерии способны не только повышать рост и урожайность картофеля, но и, благодаря своей РНКазной активности, подавлять распространение вируса М. Дальнейшее изучение молекулярных механизмов, связанных с индукцией эндофитными бактериями защитных реакций растений в ответ на вирусные инфекции, приведет к лучшему пониманию фитоиммунитета растений. Более того, эндофитные штаммы Bacillus spp. с высокой РНКазной активностью могут стать основой для биопрепаратов комплексной защиты растений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Viral diseases annually cause significant crop losses and significantly reduce the quality of products, including potatoes, some of the most important crops. Currently, viruses cannot be controlled with chemical pesticides, since known antiviral compounds are teratogenic and hazardous to people’s health. Biocontrol agents based on endophytic microorganisms may be an alternative to them. Many strains of Bacillus produce ribonucleases (RNases). Our laboratory possesses a collection of bacteria that produce various metabolites and have RNase activity. The results showed that the inoculation of potato with B. subtilis 26D and B. thuringiensis increased the grain yield by 32–43 %. In addition, the treatment of potato plants with Bacillus spp. significantly reduced the infection of potato plants with virus M. The prevalence of the disease in potato plants was significantly reduced from 60 % in the control to 18 % (B. subtillis 26D) and 25–33 % (B. thuringiensis) in the inoculated plants. Similarly, the infection index decreased from 14 in the control to 1 in the inoculated plants. The further study of molecular mechanisms related to bacterial induction of plant defense reactions in response to viral infections will lead to a better understanding of stress resistance problems. The endophytic microorganisms studied in this report may become the basis for the creation of biological agents for plant protection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>РНКазы</kwd><kwd>вирусы</kwd><kwd>картофель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ribonuclease</kwd><kwd>phytopathogenic RNA-viruses</kwd><kwd>Solanum tuberosum</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aguiar-Pulido V., Huang W., Suarez-Ulloa V., Cickovski T., Mathee K., Narasimhan G. Metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics approaches for microbiome analysis. Evol. Bioinform. 2016; 12(S1):5-16. DOI 10.4137/EBO.S36436.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aguiar-Pulido V., Huang W., Suarez-Ulloa V., Cickovski T., Mathee K., Narasimhan G. Metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics approaches for microbiome analysis. Evol. 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