vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ19.569vavilov-2347Research ArticleГенетические ресурсы растенийОсобенности ресурсного вида Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. при интродукции в Западной СибириFeatures of the resource species Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. when introduced in West Siberiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-7449ГисматулинаЮ. А.GismatulinaYu. A.

Бийск.

Biysk

julja.gismatulina@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-0815БудаеваВ. В.BudaevaV. V.

Бийск.

Biysk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-2329СаковичГ. В.SakovichG. V.

Бийск.

Biysk

ВасильеваО. Ю.VasilyevaO. Yu.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

ЗуеваГ. А.ZuevaG. A.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

ГусарА. С.GusarA. S.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-3594ДорогинаО. В.DoroginaO. V.

Новосибирск.

Novosibirsk.

Институт проблем химико-энергетических технологий Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук.РоссияInstitute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, SB RASRussian FederationЦентральный сибирский ботанический сад Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияCentral Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RASRussian FederationНовосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation201924112019237933940Copyright © Гисматулина Ю.А., Будаева В.В., Сакович Г.В., Васильева О.Ю., Зуева Г.А., Гусар А.С., Дорогина О.В., 20192019Гисматулина Ю.А., Будаева В.В., Сакович Г.В., Васильева О.Ю., Зуева Г.А., Гусар А.С., Дорогина О.В.Gismatulina Y.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V., Vasilyeva O.Y., Zueva G.A., Gusar A.S., Dorogina O.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2347

В настоящей работе представлено научно-теоретическое обоснование и экспериментальное подтверждение выбора легковозобновляемого целлюлозосодержащего сырья – Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. – с целью получения из него доброкачественных питательных сред для биосинтеза бактериальной целлюлозы. Отбор форм, перспективных для селекции, проводили в условиях интродукции Центрального сибирского ботанического сада Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Цель наших исследований – изучение онтогенеза, массовой доли целлюлозы и нецеллюлозных компонентов, включая лигнин, а также процессов одревеснения вегетативных (сырьевых) органов в течение сезонного развития. Сравнительный анализ особенностей онтогенеза полного типа у растений, выращенных из семян, собранных в естественных местообитаниях, показал, что образцы M. sacchariflorus и M. sinensis Anderss. отличаются продолжительным пребыванием в наиболее уязвимых онтогенетических состояниях – проростках и ювенильных растениях. Поэтому более успешное выращивание сеянцев лучше проводить в условиях защищенного грунта, а производственные площади целесообразно закладывать за счет более устойчивого вегетативного клонированного материала. При анализе химического состава растения в целом, а также листа и стебля отдельно семи урожаев M. sacchariflorus обнаружено, что по мере взросления плантации увеличивается массовая доля целлюлозы и уменьшается содержание нецеллюлозных компонентов. Выявлено, что вне зависимости от возраста растения в стебле мискантуса присутствует более высокая массовая доля целлюлозы, чем в листе. Массовая доля целлюлозы в целом составляет 48–53 %, что свидетельствует об актуальности изучения биосинтеза бактериальной целлюлозы на питательной среде из растений M. sacchariflorus. Поскольку для технологических процессов, касающихся биосинтеза бактериальной целлюлозы, высокое содержание лигнина нежелательно, нами были проведены гистохимические исследования поперечных срезов соломин для определения сезонной динамики лигнификации. На основании полученных результатов предложено при установлении конкретных сроков заготовки надземной массы в качестве технологического сырья подтверждать их данными гистохимического анализа сезонной динамики лигнификации побегов M. sacchariflorus. Таким образом, изучение химического со- става M. sacchariflorus, выращенного в климатических условиях Сибири, представило перспективность его использования с целью получения глюкозного субстрата – основного компонента доброкачественных питательных сред для биосинтеза бактериальной целлюлозы.

Here we provide a scientific justification and experimental support for the choice of easily renewable cellulosic feedstock Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. in order to obtain high-quality nutrient broths therefrom for bacterial cellulose biosynthesis. The plant life-forms promising for breeding were screened under introduction conditions at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, and this study was thus aimed at investigating the full and reduced ontogenetic patterns; cellulose and noncellulosic contents, including lignin; and duraminization of vegetative (feedstock source) organs throughout the seasonal development. The full ontogenetic patterns of the plants grown from seeds that had been collected in native habitats were compared to show that M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis Anderss. accessions are distinguished by longer being at the most vulnerable developmental stages: seedlings and plantlets. Hence, it is preferable to cultivate seedlings on protected ground, and plantations are advisable to establish with more stable cloned vegetative material. The chemical compositions of the whole plant, leaf and stem separately, from seven M. sacchariflorus harvests were examined to reveal a rise in cellulose content and a drop in noncellulosic content with plantation age. The Miscanthus stem was found to contain more cellulose than the leaf, regardless of the plant age. The overall cellulose content was 48−53 %, providing a rationale for studies of bacterial cellulose biosynthesis in a M. sacchariflorusderived nutrient medium. Since high lignin content is undesirable for technological processes concerned with biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose, we performed histochemical assays of transverse sections of the culms to monitor the seasonal course of lignification. Our results suggest that the specific time limits for harvesting the aboveground biomass as a feedstock be validated by histochemical data on the seasonal course of lignification of M. sacchariflorus sprouts. To sum up, the examined chemical composition of M. sacchariflorus grown in the Siberian climate conditions demonstrated its prospects as a source of glucose substrate, the basic component of good-quality nutrient media for biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.