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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ19.570</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2348</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Генетические ресурсы растений</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние условий выращивания различных генотипов гуара (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) на свойства камеди семян</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of growing conditions on the gum properties of different genotypes of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кручина-Богданов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruchina-Bogdanov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаухаров</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaukharov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кантемирова</surname><given-names>Е. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kantemirova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинов</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinov</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потокина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potokina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.potokina@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «АМТ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">AMT, Ltd.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «НИКА Петротэк»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NIKA PetroTech<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>941</fpage><lpage>948</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кручина-Богданов И.В., Мирошниченко Е.В., Шаухаров Р.А., Кантемирова Е.H., Головина М.А., Абдуллаев К.М., Балашов А.В., Русинова Е.В., Русинов П.Г., Потокина Е.К., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кручина-Богданов И.В., Мирошниченко Е.В., Шаухаров Р.А., Кантемирова Е.H., Головина М.А., Абдуллаев К.М., Балашов А.В., Русинова Е.В., Русинов П.Г., Потокина Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kruchina-Bogdanov I.V., Miroshnichenko E.V., Shaukharov R.A., Kantemirova E.N., Golovina M.A., Abdullaev K.M., Balashov A.V., Rusinova E.V., Rusinov P.G., Potokina E.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2348">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2348</self-uri><abstract><p>Галактоманнан (камедь) – растворимый в воде полисахарид, используется в качестве гелеобразующего агента в жидкостях, в том числе в нефте- и газодобывающей промышленности для гидравлического разрыва пласта. Самым эффективным источником этого ценного растительного сырья (гуаровой камеди) являются семена гуара (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.), новой для Российской Федерации сельскохозяйственной культуры. Хотя за последние годы были достигнуты определенные успехи в селекции сортов гуара, адаптированных к условиям РФ, вопрос о наиболее подходящем регионе возделывания этой культуры остается открытым. Цель проведенных исследований заключалась в том, чтобы установить, в какой степени регион и технология выращивания гуара могут влиять на основные показатели конечного целевого продукта – содержание и вязкость камеди в семенах различных генотипов гуара. Для решения этого вопроса в 2017–2018 гг. были проведены эколого-географические испытания образцов гуара коллекции ВИР на опытных станциях института, климатические условия которых отвечают критериям теплообеспеченности этой культуры. Для сравнительного изучения свойств камеди в семенах различных генотипов гуара впервые предложен ускоренный лабораторный метод получения вытяжек камеди для вискозиметрической оценки. Разработанный метод позволяет проводить ускоренный скрининг исходного материала для селекции сортов гуара, перспективных с точки зрения использования камеди из их семян в нефтедобывающей промышленности. В результате лабораторной оценки содержания и вязкости камеди, содержащейся в семенах 13 образцов гуара, обнаружено, что выход и свойства камеди одного и того же сорта сильно варьируют в зависимости от условий произрастания. Эксперимент 2018 г. по выращиванию одного и того же набора 13 образцов на Волгоградской, Астраханской, Дагестанской и Кубанской опытных станциях ВИР показал, что максимальные показатели удельной вязкости получены для семян репродукции Астраханской ОС ВИР, где гуар выращивался на поливе. С другой стороны, максимальное процентное содержание камеди в семенах у всех образцов гуара было зафиксировано при их выращивании в условиях Волгоградской ОС ВИР на капельном орошении. Результаты дополнительного тестирования образцов порошковой формы гуаровой камеди, полученной из семян сортов отечественной селекции, позволяют сделать вывод о пригодности продукта для использования в качестве гелеобразователя в процессах интенсификации добычи нефти методом гидравлического разрыва пласта. Данный опыт является уникальным для России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Galactomannan (gum), a water-soluble polysaccharide, is widely used as a gelling agent in liquids, including in the oil and gas industry for hydraulic fracturing. The most effective source of this valuable plant material is seeds of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.), a legume crop new for Russia. Although in recent years progress has been made in the selection of guar varieties adapted to the conditions of the Russian Federation, the question of the most appropriate region for the cultivation of this crop remains open. The purpose of the study was to investigate how a region and technology of guar cultivation can affect the main indicators of the final target product: the content and viscosity of guar gum extracted from the seeds of various guar genotypes. To understand this, ecogeographical tests of 13 guar accessions from the VIR collection were conducted at the experimental stations of the Vavilov Institute (VIR), where climatic conditions correspond to the temperature requirements of the crop. To compare the properties of gum extracted from the seeds of various genotypes, a fast-tracked laboratory method was suggested allowing gum extracts to be obtained for assessing their viscosity. The method allows fast screening of the breeding material and selecting guar genotypes with beneficial properties of guar gum which are in demand by the oil industry. Applying the fast laboratory method for assessing the properties of gum in seeds of 13 guar varieties showed that the content and viscosity of gum of the same variety vary greatly depending on growing conditions. The same set of 13 guar accessions was grown in 2018 at the Volgograd, Astrakhan, Dagestan and Kuban VIR experimental stations. As a result, the maximum viscosity values were obtained for the seeds reproduced at the Astrakhan region, where the guar was grown on irrigated lands. On the other hand, the maximum gum content in the seeds of all accessions was recorded when they were grown in the Volgograd region. The results showed that the guar gum extracted from seeds of guar plants grown in the Russian Federation can be used as a gelling agent in the processes of intensification of oil production by the method of hydraulic fracturing. This experience is new to the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гуар</kwd><kwd>камедь</kwd><kwd>содержание и вязкость</kwd><kwd>методика оценки</kwd><kwd>сорта</kwd><kwd>экологические испытания</kwd><kwd>регионы выращивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.</kwd><kwd>guar</kwd><kwd>method for assessing guar gum content and viscosity</kwd><kwd>guar varieties</kwd><kwd>ecological testing</kwd><kwd>regions of propagation.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abidi N., Liyanage S., Auld D., Imel R.K., Norman L., Grover K., Angadi S., Singla S., Trostle C. 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