vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ20.591vavilov-2476Research ArticleБИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙBIOTECHNOLOGY AND PLANT BREEDINGМолекулярные маркеры в исследованиях генетического разнообразия представителей рода Rubus L. и перспективы их применения в селекцииMolecular markers in the genetic diversity studies of representatives of the genus Rubus L. and prospects of their application in breedinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-2191КамневА. М.KamnevA. M.

Санкт-Петербург, Барнаул

St. Petersburg, Barnaul

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-8069АнтоноваО. Ю.AntonovaO. Yu.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7002-8066ДунаеваС. Е.DunaevaS. E.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-6569ГавриленкоТ. А.GavrilenkoT. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

tatjana9972@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3587-6064ЧухинаИ. Г.ChukhinaI. G.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

i.chukhina@vir.nw.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР); Алтайский государственный университетРоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR); Altai State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian Federation2020170320202412030Copyright © Камнев А.М., Антонова О.Ю., Дунаева С.Е., Гавриленко Т.А., Чухина И.Г., 20202020Камнев А.М., Антонова О.Ю., Дунаева С.Е., Гавриленко Т.А., Чухина И.Г.Kamnev A.M., Antonova O.Y., Dunaeva S.E., Gavrilenko T.A., Chukhina I.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2476

Род RubusL. (семейство RosaceaeJuss.), по оценкам разных систематиков, состоит из 12-16 подродов, объединяющих ~750 видов. Самые крупные по числу видов подроды - Idaeobatus (Focke) Focke, к которому относятся малины, и типовой подрод Rubus (=EubatusFocke), включающий виды ежевик. Представители рода Rubus обладают высокой пищевой и хозяйственной ценностью, а также лекарственными свойствами. Селекционные исследования направлены на расширение генетического разнообразия и создание новых сортов малин и ежевик, устойчивых к биотическим и абиотическим стрессорам и отличающихся высоким качеством плодов. Современные селекционно-генетические программы все шире включают достижения молекулярной генетики и геномики. В данной статье представлен обзор фундаментальных и прикладных исследований генетического разнообразия культивируемых и дикорастущих видов рода Rubus, выполненных на основе методов молекулярного маркирования. Рассмотрены основные типы молекулярных маркеров (RFLP, RAPD, SSR, ISSR, AFLP, SCAR, SSCP, ретротранспозонные маркеры и т. д.) и области их применения в изучении представителей рода Rubus. Приведены результаты работ по использованию методов ДНК-маркирования для решения самых разных задач, включая: исследование межвидового и внутривидового генетического разнообразия, филогенетических связей видов и надвидовых таксонов, выяснение спорных вопросов систематики, генотипирование и уточнение родословных сортов малин и ежевик, изучение сомаклональной изменчивости и др. Наиболее важным результатом в практическом плане является создание насыщенных молекулярно-генетических карт для разных видов малин и ежевик, на которых локализованы многочисленные гены и QTL, детерминирующие различные хозяйственно ценные признаки. В то же время необходимо отметить, что число маркеров, перспективных для проведения эффективного молекулярного скрининга, пока еще недостаточно.

According to estimates of various taxonomists, the genus Rubus L. (Rosaceae Juss.) consists of 12-16 subgenera comprising ~750 species. The two largest subgenera are Idaeobatus (Focke) Focke, which includes raspberries, and the type subgenus Rubus (=Eubatus Focke), which contains blackberry species. Representatives of the genus Rubus have high nutritional and economic values, as well as medicinal properties. Breeding programs are aimed at broadening genetic diversity and creating new varieties of raspberries and blackberries that are resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors and have high fruit quality. Modern breeding and genetic programs increasingly use the achievements of molecular genetics and genomics. This paper reviews the literature data on the application of molecular markers in fundamental and applied research aimed at studying the genetic diversity of cultivated and wild species of the genus Rubus. The review describes the main types of molecular markers (RFLP, RAPD, SCoT, SSR, ISSR, AFLP, SCAR, SSCP) and their application for studying the species of the genus Rubus. The results of the work on the use of DNA markers for solving different tasks are presented, including: studying the phylogenetic relationships of species, clarifying controversial issues of taxonomy, analyzing interspecific and intraspecific diversity, genotyping and pedigree analysis of raspberry and blackberry varieties, studying somaclonal variation and others. The most important applied result is the development of molecular genetic maps for raspberry and blackberry species, on which numerous genes and QTLs conferring various valuable traits have been mapped. At the same time, the number of markers that are promising for effective molecular screening is still insufficient.

RubusмалиныежевикиДНК-маркированиеполиморфизммолекулярно-генетические картыMASRubusraspberriesblackberriesDNA markersgenetic diversitymolecular mapsMASThis work was supported by project 0481-2019-0002ReferencesБологовская Р.П. Малины и ежевики. В: Вульф Е.В. (ред.). Культурная флора СССР. Т. 16. М.; СПб., 1936;165-226.Bologovskaya R.P. Raspberries and blackberries. In: Vulf E.V. (Ed.). Flora of Cultivated Plants. Vol. 16. Moscow-Saint-Petesburg, 1936;165-226. (in Russian)Дунаева С.Е., Кудрякова Н.В., Малышев Л.Л., Лупышева Ю.В., Гавриленко Т.А. In vitro коллекция малин и ежевик и идентификация образцов по изоферментным спектрам. Аграрная Россия. 2005;2:49-55.Dunaeva S.E., Kudryakova N.V., Malyshev L.L., Lupysheva Y.V., Gavrilenko T.A. Raspberry and blackberry in vitro collection and allozyme identification of accessions. Agrarnaya Rossiya = Agrarian Russia. 2005;2:49-55. (in Russian)Евдокименко С.Н., Кулагина В.Л., Якуб И.Я. Современные тенденции производства и селекции малины. Плодоводство и ягодоводство России. 2012;31(1):148-156.Evdokimenko S.N., Kulagina V.L., Yakub I.Y. Modern tends in raspberry production and bredding. Plodovodstvo i Yagodovodstvo Rossii = Pomiculture and Small Fruits Culture in Russia. 2012;31(1): 148-156. (in Russian)Каган Д.И., Шестибратов К.А., Лебедев В.Г., Азарова А.Б., Филиппов М.С., Бесов С.А., Ивановская С.И., Ковалевич О.А., Барсукова М.М. Паспортизация сортов малины и ежевики и изучение их филогенетических взаимоотношений методом RAPD-анализа. В: Биотехнологические приемы в сохранении биоразнообразия и селекции растений: Сб. статей междунар. науч. конф. Минск, 2014;101-104.Kagan D.I., Shestibratov K.A., Lebedev V.G., Azarova A.B., Filippov M.S., Besov S.A., Ivanovskaya S.I., Kovalevich O.A., Barsukova M.M. Certification of raspberry and blackberry cultivars and study of their phylogenetic relationships by RAPD analysis. Proc. of the Int. Sci. Conf. “Biotechnological Methods in Conservation of Biodiversity and Plant Breeding”. Minsk, 2014;101-104. (in Russian)Красовская Л.С. Рубус - Rubus L. В: Цвелёв Н.Н. (отв. ред.). Флора Восточной Европы. Т. X. СПб., 2001;362-393.Krasovskaya L.S. Rubus - Rubus L. In: Tsvelev N. (Ed.). Flora of Eastern Europe. Vol. X. St. Petersburg, 2001;362-393. (in Russian)Лебедев В.Г., Субботина Н.М., Киркач В.В., Видягина Е.О., Поздняков И.А., Шестибратов К.А. Анализ микросателлитных локусов как первый этап на пути к маркерной селекции малины и земляники. Селекция и сорторазведение садовых культур. 2018; 5(1):65-68.Lebedev V.G., Subbotina N.M., Kirkach V.V., Vidyagina E.O., Pozdnyakov I.A., Shestibratov K.A. Analysis of microsatellite loci as first stage of marker-assisted selection of raspberry and strawberry. Selektsiya i Sortorazvedenie Sadovykh Kul’tur = Breeding and Variety Cultivation of Fruit and Berry Crops. 2018;5(1):65-68. (in Russian)Овчинникова С.В. Семейство Rosaceae. В: Байков К.С. (ред.). Конспект флоры Азиатской России. Новосибирск, 2012:199-266.Овчинникова С.В. Семейство Rosaceae. В: Байков К.С. (ред.). Конспект флоры Азиатской России. Новосибирск, 2012:199-266. [Ovchinnikova S.V. The Rosaceae Juss. Family. In: Baykov K.S. (Ed.). Outline of the Flora of Asian Russia. Novosibirsk, 2012;199-266. (in Russian)]Соболев В.В., Соболева А.Г., Андреева Г.Н., Карлов Г.И. Оценка межвидового и межсортового полиморфизма малины и маркирование признака ремонтантности с использованием ISSR-ПЦР-анализа. Изв. ТСХА. 2009;2:103-109.Sobolev V.V., Soboleva A.G., Andreeva G.N., Karlov G.I. Assessment of interspecific and intercultivar polymorphism of raspberry and marking of the permanent flowering sign by ISSR-PCR analysis. Izvestiya TSKhA = Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. 2009;2:103-109. (in Russian)Шнеер В.С., Родионов А.В. ДНК-штрихкоды растений. Успехи соврем. биологии. 2018;138(6):531-537.Shneyer V.S., Rodionov A.V. Plant DNA barcodes. Uspekhi Sovre-mennoy Biologii = Advances in Current Biology. 2018;138(6):531-537. (in Russian)Agar G., Halasz J., Ercisli S. Genetic relationships among wild and cultivated blackberries (Rubus caucasicus L.) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Plant Biosyst. 2011;145: 347-352.Agar G., Halasz J., Ercisli S. Genetic relationships among wild and cultivated blackberries (Rubus caucasicus L.) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Plant Biosyst. 2011;145: 347-352.Alice L.A., Campbell C.S. Phylogeny of Rubus (Rosaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequen¬ces. Am. J. Bot. 1999;86(1):81-97.Alice L.A., Campbell C.S. Phylogeny of Rubus (Rosaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequen¬ces. Am. J. Bot. 1999;86(1):81-97.Amsellem L., Noyer J., Le Bourgeois T., Hossart-McKey M. Com¬parison of genetic diversity of the invasive weed R. alceifolius Poir. (Rosaceae) in its native range in areas of introduction, using amplified fragment lenghth polymorphism markers. Mol. Ecol. 2000;9: 443-455.Amsellem L., Noyer J., Le Bourgeois T., Hossart-McKey M. Com¬parison of genetic diversity of the invasive weed R. alceifolius Poir. (Rosaceae) in its native range in areas of introduction, using amplified fragment lenghth polymorphism markers. Mol. Ecol. 2000;9: 443-455.Badjakov I., Todorovska E., Boicheva I., Atanassov I., Atanassov A. Assessment of genetic diversity in Bulgarian raspberry germplasm collection by microsatellite markers (SSR). Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 2009;19(1):43-47.Badjakov I., Todorovska E., Boicheva I., Atanassov I., Atanassov A. Assessment of genetic diversity in Bulgarian raspberry germplasm collection by microsatellite markers (SSR). Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 2009;19(1):43-47.Bassil N.V., Nyberg A.M., Finn C.E., Clark J.R., Peace C.P., Iezzoni A. Development of a multiplexed fingerprinting set in blackberry. Acta Hortic. 2016;1133:89-96. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.14.Bassil N.V., Nyberg A.M., Finn C.E., Clark J.R., Peace C.P., Iezzoni A. Development of a multiplexed fingerprinting set in blackberry. Acta Hortic. 2016;1133:89-96. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.14.Bushakra J.M., Bryant D.M., Dossett M., Vining K.J., VanBuren R., Gilmore B.S., Lee J., Mockler T.C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. A genetic linkage map of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) and the map¬ping of Ag4 conferring resistance to the aphid Amphorophora agathonica. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2015a;128:1631-1646. DOI 10.1007/s00122-015-2541-x.Bushakra J.M., Bryant D.M., Dossett M., Vining K.J., VanBuren R., Gilmore B.S., Lee J., Mockler T.C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. A genetic linkage map of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) and the mapping of Ag4 conferring resistance to the aphid Amphorophora aga- thonica. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2015a;128:1631-1646. DOI 10.1007/s00122-015-2541-x.Bushakra J.M., Dossett M., Carter K.A., Vining K.J., Lee J.C., Bry¬ant D.W., VanBuren R., Lee J., Mockler T.C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. Characterization of aphid resistance loci in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.). Mol. Breed. 2018;38:83. DOI 10.1007/s11032-018-0839-5.Bushakra J.M., Dossett M., Carter K.A., Vining K.J., Lee J.C., Bry¬ant D.W., VanBuren R., Lee J., Mockler T.C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. Characterization of aphid resistance loci in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.). Mol. Breed. 2018;38:83. DOI 10.1007/s11032-018-0839-5.Bushakra J.M., Lewers K.S., Staton M.E., Zhebentyayeva T., Saski C.A. Developing expressed sequence tag libraries and the discovery of simple sequence repeat markers for two species of raspberry (Rubus L.) BMC Plant Biol. 2015b;15:258-269. DOI 10.1007/s00122-015-2541-x.Bushakra J.M., Lewers K.S., Staton M.E., Zhebentyayeva T., Saski C.A. Developing expressed sequence tag libraries and the discovery of simple sequence repeat markers for two species of rasp¬berry (Rubus L.) BMC Plant Biol. 2015b;15:258-269. DOI 10.1007/s00122-015-2541-x.Bushakra J.M., Stephens M.J., Atmadjaja A.N., Lewers K.S., Symonds V.V., Udall J.A., Chagne D., Buck E.J., Gardiner S.E. Construction of black (Rubus occidentalis) and red (R. idaeus) raspberry linkage maps and their comparison to the genomes of strawberry, apple, and peach. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2012;125(2):311-327. DOI 10.1007/s00122-012-1835-5.Bushakra J.M., Stephens M.J., Atmadjaja A.N., Lewers K.S., Symonds V.V., Udall J.A., Chagne D., Buck E.J., Gardiner S.E. Construction of black (Rubus occidentalis) and red (R. idaeus) raspberry linkage maps and their comparison to the genomes of strawberry, apple, and peach. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2012;125(2):311-327. DOI 10.1007/s00122-012-1835-5.Bussemeyer D.T., Pelikan S., Kennedy R.S., Rogstad S.H. Genetic diversity of Philippine Rubus moluccanus L. (Rosaceae) populations examined with VNTR DNA probes. J. Trop. Biol. 1997;14:867-884. DOI 10.1017/S0266467400011044.Bussemeyer D.T., Pelikan S., Kennedy R.S., Rogstad S.H. Genetic diversity of Philippine Rubus moluccanus L. (Rosaceae) populations examined with VNTR DNA probes. J. Trop. Biol. 1997;14:867-884. DOI 10.1017/S0266467400011044.Castillo N.R.F., Bassil N.V., Wada S., Reed B.M. Genetic stability of cryopreserved shoot tips of Rubus germplasm. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant. 2010b;46(3):246-256. DOI 10.1007/s11627-009-9265-z.Castillo N.R.F., Bassil N.V., Wada S., Reed B.M. Genetic stability of cryopreserved shoot tips of Rubus germplasm. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant. 2010b;46(3):246-256. DOI 10.1007/s11627-009-9265-z.Castillo N.R.F., Reed B.M., Graham J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Bas¬sil N.V. Microsatellite markers for raspberry and blackberry. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 2010a;135:271-278.Castillo N.R.F., Reed B.M., Graham J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Bas¬sil N.V. Microsatellite markers for raspberry and blackberry. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 2010a;135:271-278.Castro P., Stafne E.T., Clark J.R., Lewers K.S. Genetic map of the pri- mocane-fruiting and thornless traits of tetraploid blackberry. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2013;126:2521-2532.Castro P., Stafne E.T., Clark J.R., Lewers K.S. Genetic map of the primocane-fruiting and thornless traits of tetraploid blackberry. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2013;126:2521-2532.Cekic C., Calis O., Ozturk E.S. Genetic diversity of wild raspberry genotypes (Rubus idaeus L.) in North Anatolia based on ISSR markers. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res. 2018;16(5):6835-6843. DOI 10.15666/aeer/1605_68356843.Cekic C., Calis O., Ozturk E.S. Genetic diversity of wild raspberry genotypes (Rubus idaeus L.) in North Anatolia based on ISSR markers. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res. 2018;16(5):6835-6843. DOI 10.15666/aeer/1605_68356843.Cousineau J.C., Anderson A., Daubeny H.A., Donnelly D.J. Characterization of red raspberry cultivars and selections using isoenzyme analysis. HortScience. 1993;28(12):1185-1186.Cousineau J.C., Anderson A., Daubeny H.A., Donnelly D.J. Charac¬terization of red raspberry cultivars and selections using isoenzyme analysis. HortScience. 1993;28(12):1185-1186.Dale A., Moore P.P., McNicol R.J., Sjulin T.M., Burmistrov L.A. Genetic diversity of red raspberry cultivars throughout the world. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 1993;118:119-129.Dale A., Moore P.P., McNicol R.J., Sjulin T.M., Burmistrov L.A. Genetic diversity of red raspberry cultivars throughout the world. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 1993;118:119-129.Daubeny H.A., Anderson A. Germplasm enhancement in the British Columbia raspberry breeding program. Acta Hortic. 1989;262:61- 64. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.262.7.Daubeny H.A., Anderson A. Germplasm enhancement in the British Columbia raspberry breeding program. Acta Hortic. 1989;262:61- 64. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.262.7.Dossett M., Bassil N., Finn C. SSR fingerprinting of black raspberry cultivars shows discrepancies in identification. Acta Hortic. 2012a; 946:49-53. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.4.Dossett M., Bassil N., Finn C. SSR fingerprinting of black raspberry cultivars shows discrepancies in identification. Acta Hortic. 2012a; 946:49-53. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.4.Dossett M., Bassil N.V., Lewers K.S., Finn C.E. Genetic diversity in wild and cultivated black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) evalu¬ated by simple sequence repeat markers. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2012b;59:1849-1865.Dossett M., Bassil N.V., Lewers K.S., Finn C.E. Genetic diversity in wild and cultivated black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) evalu¬ated by simple sequence repeat markers. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2012b;59:1849-1865.Dossett M., Bushakra J.M., Gilmore B., Koch C.A., Kempler C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. Development and transferability of black and red raspberry microsatellite markers from shortread sequences. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2015;140(3):243-252.Dossett M., Bushakra J.M., Gilmore B., Koch C.A., Kempler C., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V. Development and transferability of black and red raspberry microsatellite markers from short-read sequences. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2015;140(3):243-252.Ercisli S., Badjakov I., Kondakova V., Atanassov A., Todorovska E. AFLP-based genetic relationships in wild and cultivated raspberry genotypes (Rubus idaeus L.). Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 2008; 22(4):907-910.Ercisli S., Badjakov I., Kondakova V., Atanassov A., Todorovska E. AFLP-based genetic relationships in wild and cultivated raspberry genotypes (Rubus idaeus L.). Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 2008; 22(4):907-910.Eu G., Chung B., Bandopadhyay R., Yoo N.-H., Choi D., Yun S. Phylo- genic relationships of Rubus species revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers. J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2008;11(1):39-44.Eu G., Chung B., Bandopadhyay R., Yoo N.-H., Choi D., Yun S. Phylogenic relationships of Rubus species revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers. J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2008;11(1):39-44.Eu G., Park M., Baek S.H., Yun S. Phylogenic relationship of Rubus cultivated in Korea revealed by chloroplast DNA spacers. Korean J. Med. Crop Sci. 2010;18(4):266-272.Eu G., Park M., Baek S.H., Yun S. Phylogenic relationship of Rubus cultivated in Korea revealed by chloroplast DNA spacers. Korean J. Med. Crop Sci. 2010;18(4):266-272.Fazekas A.J., Burgess K.S., Kenasakurti P.R., Graham S.W., Newmas- ter S.G., Husband B.C., Percy D.M., Hajibabaei M., Barrett S.C.H. Multiple multilocus DNA barcodes from the plastid genome dis-criminate plant species equally well. PLoS One. 2008;3(7):e2802. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0002802.Fazekas A.J., Burgess K.S., Kenasakurti P.R., Graham S.W., Newmaster S.G., Husband B.C., Percy D.M., Hajibabaei M., Barrett S.C.H. Multiple multilocus DNA barcodes from the plastid genome dis-criminate plant species equally well. PLoS One. 2008;3(7):e2802. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0002802.Fernandez G.E., Molina-Bravo R., Takeda F. What we know about heat stress in Rubus. In: Graham J., Brennan R. (Eds.). Raspberry: Breed¬ing, Challenges and Advances. Springer, 2018;29-40.Fernandez G.E., Molina-Bravo R., Takeda F. What we know about heat stress in Rubus. In: Graham J., Brennan R. (Eds.). Raspberry: Breed¬ing, Challenges and Advances. Springer, 2018;29-40.Fernandez-Fernandez F., Antanaviciute L., Govan C.L., Sargent D.J. Development of a multiplexed microsatellite set for fingerprinting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) germplasm and its transferability to other Rubus species. J. Berry Res. 2011;1(4):177-187.Fernandez-Fernandez F., Antanaviciute L., Govan C.L., Sargent D.J. Development of a multiplexed microsatellite set for fingerprinting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) germplasm and its transferability to other Rubus species. J. Berry Res. 2011;1(4):177-187.Finn C.E. Blackberries. In: Hancock J.F. (Ed.).Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding: Germplasm to Genomics. Springer, 2008;83-114.Finn C.E. Blackberries. In: Hancock J.F. (Ed.).Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding: Germplasm to Genomics. Springer, 2008;83-114.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1910;17(72):1-120.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1910;17(72):1-120.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1911;17(72):121-223.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1911;17(72):121-223.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1914;17(83):1-274.Focke W.O. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi prodromus. Biblioth. Bot. 1914;17(83):1-274.Girichev G., Hanke M.V., Peil A., Flachowsky H. SSR fingerprinting of a German Rubus collection and pedigree based evaluation on trueness-to-type. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2015;64:89-103. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0345-0.Girichev G., Hanke M.V., Peil A., Flachowsky H. SSR fingerprinting of a German Rubus collection and pedigree based evaluation on trueness-to-type. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2015;64:89-103. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0345-0.Gotame T.P., Cullen D.W., Graham J., Hedley P.E., Smith K., Mor¬ris J., Andersen L., Petersen K.K. Effect of short-term exposure to high-temperature on total gene expression in the leaves of four rasp¬berry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 2014; 89(5):532-541. DOI 10.1080/14620316.2014.11513117.Gotame T.P., Cullen D.W., Graham J., Hedley P.E., Smith K., Morris J., Andersen L., Petersen K.K. Effect of short-term exposure to high-temperature on total gene expression in the leaves of four raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 2014; 89(5):532-541. DOI 10.1080/14620316.2014.11513117.Graham J., Gordon S.C., Williamson B. Progress towards the use of transgenic plants as an aid to control soft fruit pests and diseases. In: Proceedings of Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests & Diseases. Brighton, UK, 1996;3:777-781.Graham J., Gordon S.C., Williamson B. Progress towards the use of transgenic plants as an aid to control soft fruit pests and diseases. In: Proceedings of Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests & Diseases. Brighton, UK, 1996;3:777-781.Graham J., Hackett C.A., Smith K., Woodhead M., MacKenzie K., Tier¬ney I., Cooke D., Bayer M., Jennings N. Towards an understanding of the nature of resistance to Phytophtora root rot in red raspberry. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2011;123:585-601. DOI 10.1007/s00122-011-1609-5.Graham J., Hackett C.A., Smith K., Woodhead M., MacKenzie K., Tier¬ney I., Cooke D., Bayer M., Jennings N. Towards an understanding of the nature of resistance to Phytophtora root rot in red raspberry. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2011;123:585-601. DOI 10.1007/s00122-011-1609-5.Graham J., McNicol R.J., Greig K., Van De Ven W.T.G. Identification of red raspberry cultivars and an assessment of their relatedness using fingerprints produced by random primers. J. Hortic. Sci. 1994;69:123-130.Graham J., McNicol R.J., Greig K., Van De Ven W.T.G. Identification of red raspberry cultivars and an assessment of their related¬ness using fingerprints produced by random primers. J. Hortic. Sci. 1994;69:123-130.Graham J., Smith K., MacKenzie K., Jorgensen L., Hackett C.A., Powell W. The construction of a genetic linkage map of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) based on AFLPs, genomic-SSR and EST-SSR markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2004;109:740-749.Graham J., Smith K., MacKenzie K., Jorgensen L., Hackett C.A., Po¬well W. The construction of a genetic linkage map of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) based on AFLPs, genomic-SSR and EST-SSR markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2004;109:740-749.Graham J., Smith K., McCallum S., Hedley P., Cullen D., Dolan A., Milne L., McNicol J., Hackett C. Towards an understanding of crumbly fruit in red raspberry. SpringerPlus. 2015;4:223. DOI 10.1186/s40064-015-1010-y.Graham J., Smith K., McCallum S., Hedley P., Cullen D., Dolan A., Milne L., McNicol J., Hackett C. Towards an understanding of crumbly fruit in red raspberry. SpringerPlus. 2015;4:223. DOI 10.1186/s40064-015-1010-y.Graham J., Smith K., Tierney I., MacKenzie K., Hackett C. Mapping gene H controlling cane pubescence in raspberry and its association with resistance to cane botyritis and spur blight, rust and cane spot. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2006;112:818-831.Graham J., Smith K., Tierney I., MacKenzie K., Hackett C. Mapping gene H controlling cane pubescence in raspberry and its association with resistance to cane botyritis and spur blight, rust and cane spot. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2006;112:818-831.Graham J., Smith K., Woodhead M., Russell J.R. Development and use of simple sequence repeat SSR markers in Rubus species. Mol. Ecol. Notes. 2002;2:250-252.Graham J., Smith K., Woodhead M., Russell J.R. Development and use of simple sequence repeat SSR markers in Rubus species. Mol. Ecol. Notes. 2002;2:250-252.Graham J., Squire B., Marshall B., Harrison R.E. Spatially dependent genetic diversity within and between colonies of wild raspberry R. idaeus detected using RAPD markers. Mol. Ecol. 1997;6:1001-1008.Graham J., Squire B., Marshall B., Harrison R.E. Spatially dependent genetic diversity within and between colonies of wild raspberry R. idaeus detected using RAPD markers. Mol. Ecol. 1997;6:1001-1008.Graham J., Woodhead M., Smith K. Russell J., Marshall B., Ramsay G., Squire G. New insight into wild red raspberry populations using simple sequence repeat markers. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2009; 134(1):109-119.Graham J., Woodhead M., Smith K. Russell J., Marshall B., Ramsay G., Squire G. New insight into wild red raspberry populations using simple sequence repeat markers. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2009; 134(1):109-119.Gustafsson A. The Genesis of the European Blackberry Flora. Acta Univ. Lund. 1943;39(6):1-200.Gustafsson A. The Genesis of the European Blackberry Flora. Acta Univ. Lund. 1943;39(6):1-200.Hackett C.A., Milne L., Smith K., Hedley P., Morris J., Simpson C.J., Preedy K., Graham J. Enhancement of Glen Moy x Latham raspberry linkage map using GbS to further understand control of development processes leading to fruit ripening. BMC Genetics. 2018;19:59. DOI 10.1186/s12863-018-0666-z.Hackett C.A., Milne L., Smith K., Hedley P., Morris J., Simpson C.J., Preedy K., Graham J. Enhancement of Glen Moy x Latham raspberry linkage map using GbS to further understand control of development processes leading to fruit ripening. BMC Genetics. 2018;19:59. DOI 10.1186/s12863-018-0666-z.Hoepfner A.S., Nybom H., Carlsson U., Franzen R. DNA fingerprinting useful for monitoring cell line identity in micropropagated raspberries. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B. Soil Plant Sci. 1993;43:53-57.Hoepfner A.S., Nybom H., Carlsson U., Franzen R. DNA fingerprinting useful for monitoring cell line identity in micropropagated raspberries. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B. Soil Plant Sci. 1993;43:53-57.Ipek A., Barut E., Gulen H., Ipek M. Genetic diversity among some blackberry cultivars and their relationship with Boysenberry assessed by AFLP markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2009;8:4830-4834.Ipek A., Barut E., Gulen H., Ipek M. Genetic diversity among some blackberry cultivars and their relationship with Boysenberry assessed by AFLP markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2009;8:4830-4834.Jennings D.L. Raspberries and Blackberries: Their Breeding, Diseases and Growth. San Diego: Acad. Press Ltd, 1988.Jennings D.L. Raspberries and Blackberries: Their Breeding, Diseases and Growth. San Diego: Acad. Press Ltd, 1988.Jibran R., Dzierzon H., Bassil N., Bushakra J.M., Edger P.P., Sullivan S., Finn C.E., Dossett M., Vining K.J., VanBuren R., Mockler T.C., Li-achko I., Davies K.M., Foster T.M., Chagne D. Chromosomescale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) genome based on chromatin interaction data. Hortic. Res. 2018;5:8. DOI 1038/s41438-017-0013-y.Jibran R., Dzierzon H., Bassil N., Bushakra J.M., Edger P.P., Sullivan S., Finn C.E., Dossett M., Vining K.J., VanBuren R., Mockler T.C., Li-achko I., Davies K.M., Foster T.M., Chagne D. Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) genome based on chromatin interaction data. Hortic. Res. 2018;5:8. DOI 1038/s41438-017-0013-y.Kassim A., Poette J., Paterson A., Zait D., McCallum S., Woodhead M., Smith K., Hackett C., Graham J. Environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry anthocyanin antioxidant contents and identification of quantitative traits loci. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2009;53: 625-634.Kassim A., Poette J., Paterson A., Zait D., McCallum S., Woodhead M., Smith K., Hackett C., Graham J. Environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry anthocyanin antioxidant contents and identification of quantitative traits loci. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2009;53: 625-634.Keane B., Smith M.K., Rogstad S.H. Genetic variation in red raspberries (Rubus idaeus L., Rosaceae) from sites differing in organic pollutants compared with synthetic repeat DNA probes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1998;17:2027-2034. DOI 10.1002/etc.5620171019.Keane B., Smith M.K., Rogstad S.H. Genetic variation in red raspberries (Rubus idaeus L., Rosaceae) from sites differing in organic pollutants compared with synthetic repeat DNA probes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1998;17:2027-2034. DOI 10.1002/etc.5620171019.Knight V.H. Review of Rubus species used in raspberry breeding at East Malling. Acta Hortic. 1993;352:363-372. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.1993.352.52.Knight V.H. Review of Rubus species used in raspberry breeding at East Malling. Acta Hortic. 1993;352:363-372. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.1993.352.52.Knight V.H., Jennings D.L., McNicol R.J. Progress in the UK raspberry breeding programme. Acta Hortic. 1989;262:93-104. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.262.12.Knight V.H., Jennings D.L., McNicol R.J. Progress in the UK raspberry breeding programme. Acta Hortic. 1989;262:93-104. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.262.12.Kollmann J., Steinger T., Roy B.A. Evidence of sexuality in european Rubus (Rosaceae) species based on AFLP and allozyme analysis. Am. J. Bot. 2000;87(11):1592-1598.Kollmann J., Steinger T., Roy B.A. Evidence of sexuality in european Rubus (Rosaceae) species based on AFLP and allozyme analysis. Am. J. Bot. 2000;87(11):1592-1598.Kostamo K., Toljamo A., Antonius K., Kokko H., Karenlampi S.O. Morphological and molecular identification to secure cultivar maintenance and management of self-sterile Rubus arcticus. Ann. Bot. 2013;111(4):713-721. DOI 10.1093/aob/mct029.Kostamo K., Toljamo A., Antonius K., Kokko H., Karenlampi S.O. Morphological and molecular identification to secure cultivar maintenance and management of self-sterile Rubus arcticus. Ann. Bot. 2013;111(4):713-721. DOI 10.1093/aob/mct029.Kraft T., Nybom H. DNA fingerprinting and biometry can solve some taxonomic problems in apomictic blackberries (Rubus, subgen. Rubus). Watsonia. 1995;20:329-343.Kraft T., Nybom H. DNA fingerprinting and biometry can solve some taxonomic problems in apomictic blackberries (Rubus, subgen. Rubus). Watsonia. 1995;20:329-343.Kraft T., Nybom H., Werlemark G. DNA fingerprint variation in some blackberry species (Rubus subg. Rubus, Rosaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 1996;199:93-108.Kraft T., Nybom H., Werlemark G. DNA fingerprint variation in some blackberry species (Rubus subg. Rubus, Rosaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 1996;199:93-108.Lacis G., Kota-Dombrovska I., Strautina S. Evaluation of red raspberry cultivars used for breeding and commercial growing in the Baltic region. Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci. Sect. B. 2017;71(3):203-210.Lacis G., Kota-Dombrovska I., Strautina S. Evaluation of red raspberry cultivars used for breeding and commercial growing in the Baltic region. Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci. Sect. B. 2017;71(3):203-210.Lamoureux D., Sorokin A., Lefevre I., Alexanian A., Eyzaguirre P., Hausmann J.F. Investigation of genetic diversity in Russian collections of raspberry and blue honeysuckle. Plant Genet. Resour. 2011; 9(2):202-205. DOI 10.1017/S1479262111000323.Lamoureux D., Sorokin A., Lefevre I., Alexanian A., Eyzaguirre P., Hausmann J.F. Investigation of genetic diversity in Russian collections of raspberry and blue honeysuckle. Plant Genet. Resour. 2011; 9(2):202-205. DOI 10.1017/S1479262111000323.Lee G.A., Song J.Y., Choi H.R., Chung J.W., Jeon Y.A., Lee J.R., Ma K.H., Lee M.C. Novel microsatellite markers acquired from Ru-bus coreanus Miq. and cross-amplification in other Rubus species. Molecules. 2015;20:6432-6442. DOI 10.3390/molecules20046432.Lee G.A., Song J.Y., Choi H.R., Chung J.W., Jeon Y.A., Lee J.R., Ma K.H., Lee M.C. Novel microsatellite markers acquired from Ru-bus coreanus Miq. and cross-amplification in other Rubus species. Molecules. 2015;20:6432-6442. DOI 10.3390/molecules20046432.Lee K.J., Lee G.A., Kang H.K., Lee J.R., Raveendar S., Shin M.J., Cho Y.H., Ma K.H. Genetic diversity and population structure of Rubus accessions using simple sequence repeat markers. Plant Breed. Biotech. 2016;4(3):345-351. DOI 10.9787/PBB.2016.4.3.345.Lee K.J., Lee G.A., Kang H.K., Lee J.R., Raveendar S., Shin M.J., Cho Y.H., Ma K.H. Genetic diversity and population structure of Rubus accessions using simple sequence repeat markers. Plant Breed. Biotech. 2016;4(3):345-351. DOI 10.9787/PBB.2016.4.3.345.Lewers K., Saski C., Cuthbertson B., Henry D., Staton M., Main D., Dhanaraj A., Rowland L., Tomkins J. A blackberry (Rubus L.) expressed sequence tag library for the development of simple sequence repeat markers. BMC Plant Biol. 2008;8:69. DOI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-69.Lewers K., Saski C., Cuthbertson B., Henry D., Staton M., Main D., Dhanaraj A., Rowland L., Tomkins J. A blackberry (Rubus L.) expressed sequence tag library for the development of simple sequence repeat markers. BMC Plant Biol. 2008;8:69. DOI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-69.Liang Y., Lenz R.R., Dai W. Development of retrotransposon-based molecular markers and their application in genetic mapping in chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.). Mol. Breed. 2016;36:109. DOI 10.1007/s11032-016-0535-2.Liang Y., Lenz R.R., Dai W. Development of retrotransposon-based molecular markers and their application in genetic mapping in chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.). Mol. Breed. 2016;36:109. DOI 10.1007/s11032-016-0535-2.Lopes M., Maciel G., Mendonca D., Gil F., Da Camara A. Isolation and characterization of simple sequence repeat loci in R. hochstet-terorum and their use in other species from the Rosaceae family. Mol. Ecol. Notes. 2006;6:750-752. DOI 1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01329.x.Lopes M., Maciel G., Mendonca D., Gil F., Da Camara A. Isolation and characterization of simple sequence repeat loci in R. hochstet-terorum and their use in other species from the Rosaceae family. Mol. Ecol. Notes. 2006;6:750-752. DOI 1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01329.x.López A., Barrera C., Marulanda M. Evaluation of SSR and SNP markers in R. glaucus Benth progenitors’ selection. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 2019;41(1):1-14. DOI 10.1590/0100-29452019081.López A., Barrera C., Marulanda M. Evaluation of SSR and SNP markers in R. glaucus Benth progenitors’ selection. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 2019;41(1):1-14. DOI 10.1590/0100-29452019081.Marieschi M., Torelli A., Poli F., Bianchi A., Bruni R. Quality control of commercial Mediterranean oregano: development of SCAR markers for the detection of the adulterants Cistus incanus L., Rubus caesius L. and Rhus coriaria L. Food Control. 2010;21:998-1003.Marieschi M., Torelli A., Poli F., Bianchi A., Bruni R. Quality control of commercial Mediterranean oregano: development of SCAR markers for the detection of the adulterants Cistus incanus L., Rubus caesius L. and Rhus coriaria L. Food Control. 2010;21:998-1003.Marulanda M., Lopez A., Aguilar S. Genetic diversity of wild and cultivated Rubus species in Colombia using AFLP and SSR markers. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 2007;7:242-252.Marulanda M., Lopez A., Aguilar S. Genetic diversity of wild and cultivated Rubus species in Colombia using AFLP and SSR markers. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 2007;7:242-252.Mazzitelli L., Hancock R., Haupt S., Walker P., Pont S., McNicol J., Cardle L., Morris J., Viola R., Brennan R., Hedley P., Taylor M.A. Co-ordinated gene expression during phases of dormancy release in raspberry (R. idaeus L.) buds. J. Exp. Bot. 2006;58(5):1035-1045.Mazzitelli L., Hancock R., Haupt S., Walker P., Pont S., McNicol J., Cardle L., Morris J., Viola R., Brennan R., Hedley P., Taylor M.A. Co-ordinated gene expression during phases of dormancy release in raspberry (R. idaeus L.) buds. J. Exp. Bot. 2006;58(5):1035-1045.Meng R., Finn C. Determining ploidy level and nuclear DNA content in Rubus by flow cytometry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2002;127(5):767-775. DOI 10.21273/JASHS.127.5.767.Meng R., Finn C. Determining ploidy level and nuclear DNA content in Rubus by flow cytometry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2002;127(5):767-775. DOI 10.21273/JASHS.127.5.767.Miyashita T., Kunitake H., Yotsukura N., Hoshino Y. Assessment of genetic relationships among cultivated and wild Rubus accessions using AFLP-markers. Sci. Hortic. 2015;193:165-173.Miyashita T., Kunitake H., Yotsukura N., Hoshino Y. Assessment of genetic relationships among cultivated and wild Rubus accessions using AFLP-markers. Sci. Hortic. 2015;193:165-173.Molina-Bravo R., Fernandez G.E., Sosinski B.R. Quantitative trait locus analysis of tolerance to temperature fluctuations in winter, fruit characteristics, flower color, and prickle-free canes in raspberry. Mol. Breed. 2014;33:267-280.Molina-Bravo R., Fernandez G.E., Sosinski B.R. Quantitative trait locus analysis of tolerance to temperature fluctuations in winter, fruit characteristics, flower color, and prickle-free canes in raspberry. Mol. Breed. 2014;33:267-280.Moore P.P. Chloroplast DNA diversity in raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 1993;118:371-376.Moore P.P. Chloroplast DNA diversity in raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 1993;118:371-376.Nybom H. Biometry and DNA fingerprinting detect limited genetic differentiation among populations of the apomictic blackberry Rubus nessensis (Rosaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 1998;18:323-333. DOI 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1998.tb01884.x.Nybom H. Biometry and DNA fingerprinting detect limited genetic differentiation among populations of the apomictic blackberry Rubus nessensis (Rosaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 1998;18:323-333. DOI 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1998.tb01884.x.Nybom H., Hall H.K. Minisatellite DNA ‘fingerprints’ can distinguish Rubus cultivars and estimate their degree of relatedness. Euphytica. 1991;53:107-114.Nybom H., Hall H.K. Minisatellite DNA ‘fingerprints’ can distinguish Rubus cultivars and estimate their degree of relatedness. Euphytica. 1991;53:107-114.Nybom H., Rogstad S.H., Schaal B.A. Genetic variation detected by use of the M13 ‘DNA fingerprint’ probe inMalus, Prunus and Rubus (Rosaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 1990;79:153-156.Nybom H., Rogstad S.H., Schaal B.A. Genetic variation detected by use of the M13 ‘DNA fingerprint’ probe inMalus, Prunus and Rubus (Rosaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 1990;79:153-156.Ochieng J.A., Oyoo M.E., Gesimba R.M., Korir P.C., Ojwang P.P.O., Owuoche J.O. Genetic diversity of blackberry (Rubus subgenus Ru-bus Watson) in selected counties in Kenya using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2018;17(39):1247-1264. DOI 10.5897/AJB2018.16613.Nybom H., Rogstad S.H., Schaal B.A. Genetic variation detected by use of the M13 ‘DNA fingerprint’ probe inMalus, Prunus and Rubus (Rosaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 1990;79:153-156.Oydvin J. Important Breeding Lines and Cultivars in Raspberry Breeding (in Norwegian). St. Forsokag. Njos, 1970.Ochieng J.A., Oyoo M.E., Gesimba R.M., Korir P.C., Ojwang P.P.O., Owuoche J.O. Genetic diversity of blackberry (Rubus subgenus Ru-bus Watson) in selected counties in Kenya using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2018;17(39):1247-1264. DOI 10.5897/AJB2018.16613.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by non-radioactive DNA fingerprinting. HortScience. 1992;27:1108-1110.Ochieng J.A., Oyoo M.E., Gesimba R.M., Korir P.C., Ojwang P.P.O., Owuoche J.O. Genetic diversity of blackberry (Rubus subgenus Ru-bus Watson) in selected counties in Kenya using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2018;17(39):1247-1264. DOI 10.5897/AJB2018.16613.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by sequence characterized amplified region DNA analysis. HortScience. 1998; 33:140-142.Oydvin J. Important Breeding Lines and Cultivars in Raspberry Breeding (in Norwegian). St. Forsokag. Njos, 1970.Raluca R.A., Pamfil D., Graham J. Mapping resistance of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) to viral diseases - leaf spot (RLSV) and vein chlorosis (RVCV) on the genetic linkage map. USAMV-CN. 2006;63:318-319.Oydvin J. Important Breeding Lines and Cultivars in Raspberry Breeding (in Norwegian). St. Forsokag. Njos, 1970.Robertson K.R. The genera Rosaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arboretum. 1974;55:352-360.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by non-radioactive DNA fingerprinting. HortScience. 1992;27:1108-1110.Ryu J., Kim W.J., Im J., Kim S.H., Lee K.S., Jo H.J., Kim E.Y., Kang S.Y., Lee J.H., Ha B.H. Genotyping-by-sequencing based single nucleotide polymorphisms enabled Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR marker development in mutant Rubus genotypes. Electron. J. Biotechnol. 2018;35:57-62. DOI 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.08.001.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by non-radioactive DNA fingerprinting. HortScience. 1992;27:1108-1110.Saddhe A.A., Kumar K. DNA barcoding of plants: selection of core markers for taxonomic groups. Plant Sci. Today. 2018;5(1):9-13.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by sequence characterized amplified region DNA analysis. HortScience. 1998; 33:140-142.Sargent D.J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Rys A., Knight V.H., Simpson D.W., Tobutt K.R. Mapping of A1 conferring resistance to Am-phophora idaei and dw (dwarfing habit) in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) using AFLP and microsatellite markers. BMC Plant Biol. 2007;7:15.Parent J.G., Page D. Identification of raspberry cultivars by sequence characterized amplified region DNA analysis. HortScience. 1998; 33:140-142.Simlat M., Ptak A., Kula A., Orzel A. Assessment of genetic variability among raspberry accessions using molecular markers. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 2018;17(5):61-72. DOI 10.24326/asphc.2018.5.6.Raluca R.A., Pamfil D., Graham J. Mapping resistance of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) to viral diseases - leaf spot (RLSV) and vein chlorosis (RVCV) on the genetic linkage map. USAMV-CN. 2006;63:318-319.Simpson C.G., Cullen D.W., Hackett C.A., Smith K., Hallett P.D., McNicol J., Woodhead M. Mapping and expression of genes associated with raspberry fruit ripening and softening. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2017;130(3):557-572.Raluca R.A., Pamfil D., Graham J. Mapping resistance of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) to viral diseases - leaf spot (RLSV) and vein chlorosis (RVCV) on the genetic linkage map. USAMV-CN. 2006;63:318-319.Stafne E., Clark J., Pelto M., Lindstrom J. Discrimination of Rubus cultivars using RAPD markers and pedigree analysis. Acta Hortic. 2003;626:119-124. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.626.16.Robertson K.R. The genera Rosaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arboretum. 1974;55:352-360.Strik B.C., Finn C.E. Blackberry production systems - a worldwide perspective. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:341-347. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2012.946.56.Robertson K.R. The genera Rosaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arboretum. 1974;55:352-360.Ukhatova Y.V., Dunaeva S.E., Antonova O.Y., Apalikova O.V., Pozd-niakova K.S., Novikova L.Y., Shuvalova L.E., Gavrilenko T.A. Cryopreservation of red raspberry cultivars from the VIR in vitro collection using a modified droplet vitrification method. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant. 2017;53:394-401. DOI 10.1007/s11627-017-9860-3.Ryu J., Kim W.J., Im J., Kim S.H., Lee K.S., Jo H.J., Kim E.Y., Kang S.Y., Lee J.H., Ha B.H. Genotyping-by-sequencing based single nucleotide polymorphisms enabled Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR marker development in mutant Rubus genotypes. Electron. J. Biotechnol. 2018;35:57-62. DOI 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.08.001.Umar G., Vasanthaiah H., Kambiranda D., Basha S., Phills B., Hunter W. Assessment of genetic diversity among selected raspberry cultivars. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 2010;123:26-28.Ryu J., Kim W.J., Im J., Kim S.H., Lee K.S., Jo H.J., Kim E.Y., Kang S.Y., Lee J.H., Ha B.H. Genotyping-by-sequencing based single nucleotide polymorphisms enabled Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR marker development in mutant Rubus genotypes. Electron. J. Biotechnol. 2018;35:57-62. DOI 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.08.001.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Lyons E., Filichkin S.A., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Plant J. 2016;87:535-547.Saddhe A.A., Kumar K. DNA barcoding of plants: selection of core markers for taxonomic groups. Plant Sci. Today. 2018;5(1):9-13.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Filichkin S., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytonen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (Eds.). The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, 2018:185-197.Saddhe A.A., Kumar K. DNA barcoding of plants: selection of core markers for taxonomic groups. Plant Sci. Today. 2018;5(1):9-13.Wang Y., Chen Q., Chen T., Tang H., Liu L., Wang X. Phylogenetic insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from multiple chloroplast and nuclear DNAs. Front. Plant Sci. 2016;7:968. DOI 10.3389/flps.2016.00968.Sargent D.J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Rys A., Knight V.H., Simpson D.W., Tobutt K.R. Mapping of A1 conferring resistance to Am-phophora idaei and dw (dwarfing habit) in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) using AFLP and microsatellite markers. BMC Plant Biol. 2007;7:15.Ward J.A., Bhangoo J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Moore P., Swanson J.D., Viola R., Velasco R., Bassil N., Weber C.A., Sargent D.J. Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyp-ing by sequencing and genome-independent imputation. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:2.Sargent D.J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Rys A., Knight V.H., Simpson D.W., Tobutt K.R. Mapping of A1 conferring resistance to Am-phophora idaei and dw (dwarfing habit) in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) using AFLP and microsatellite markers. BMC Plant Biol. 2007;7:15.Ward J.A., Boone W.E., Moore P.P., Weber C.A. Developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection for resistance for Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) in red raspberry. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:61-66. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.6.Simlat M., Ptak A., Kula A., Orzel A. Assessment of genetic variability among raspberry accessions using molecular markers. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 2018;17(5):61-72. DOI 10.24326/asphc.2018.5.6.Waugh R., Van de Ven W.T.G., Phillips M.S., Powell W. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Rubus revealed by Southern hybridization. Plant Syst. Evol. 1990;172:65-75.Simlat M., Ptak A., Kula A., Orzel A. Assessment of genetic variability among raspberry accessions using molecular markers. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 2018;17(5):61-72. DOI 10.24326/asphc.2018.5.6.Weber C.A. Genetic diversity in black raspberry detected by RAPD markers. HortScience. 2003;38(2):269-272.Simpson C.G., Cullen D.W., Hackett C.A., Smith K., Hallett P.D., McNicol J., Woodhead M. Mapping and expression of genes associated with raspberry fruit ripening and softening. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2017;130(3):557-572.Weber C.A., Pattison J., Samuelian S. Marker assisted selection for resistance to root rot in red raspberry caused by Phytophthora fraga-riae var. rubi. Acta Hortic. 2008;777:311-316. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2008.777.46.Simpson C.G., Cullen D.W., Hackett C.A., Smith K., Hallett P.D., McNicol J., Woodhead M. Mapping and expression of genes associated with raspberry fruit ripening and softening. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2017;130(3):557-572.Werlemark G., Nybom H. Pollen donor impact on progenies of pseu-dogamous blackberries (Rubus subgen. Rubus). Euphytica. 2003; 133:71-80.Stafne E., Clark J., Pelto M., Lindstrom J. Discrimination of Rubus cultivars using RAPD markers and pedigree analysis. Acta Hortic. 2003;626:119-124. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.626.16.Wight H., Zhou J., Li M., Hannenhalli S., Mount S., Liu Z. Draft genome assembly and annotation of red raspberry Rubus idaeus. bioRxiv. 2019. DOI 10.1101/546135.Stafne E., Clark J., Pelto M., Lindstrom J. Discrimination of Rubus cultivars using RAPD markers and pedigree analysis. Acta Hortic. 2003;626:119-124. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.626.16.Woodhead M., Smith K., McCallum S., Cardle L., Mazzitelli M., Graham J. Identification, characterisation and mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from raspberry root and bud ESTs. Mol. Breed. 2008;22:555-563.Strik B.C., Finn C.E. Blackberry production systems - a worldwide perspective. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:341-347. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2012.946.56.Woodhead M., Weir A., Smith K., McCallum S., MacKenzie K., Graham J. Functional markers for red raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2010;135(5):418-427.Strik B.C., Finn C.E. Blackberry production systems - a worldwide perspective. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:341-347. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2012.946.56.Woodhead M., Williamson S., Smith K., McCallum S., Jennings N., Hackett C., Graham J. Identification of quantitative trait loci for cane splitting in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Mol. Breed. 2013;31:111-122.Ukhatova Y.V., Dunaeva S.E., Antonova O.Y., Apalikova O.V., Pozd-niakova K.S., Novikova L.Y., Shuvalova L.E., Gavrilenko T.A. Cryopreservation of red raspberry cultivars from the VIR in vitro collection using a modified droplet vitrification method. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant. 2017;53:394-401. DOI 10.1007/s11627-017-9860-3.Zurn J.D., Carter K.A., Yin M.H., Worthington M., Clark J.R., Finn C.E., Bassil N. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2018;143(5):381-390.Ukhatova Y.V., Dunaeva S.E., Antonova O.Y., Apalikova O.V., Pozd-niakova K.S., Novikova L.Y., Shuvalova L.E., Gavrilenko T.A. Cryopreservation of red raspberry cultivars from the VIR in vitro collection using a modified droplet vitrification method. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant. 2017;53:394-401. DOI 10.1007/s11627-017-9860-3.Umar G., Vasanthaiah H., Kambiranda D., Basha S., Phills B., Hunter W. Assessment of genetic diversity among selected raspberry cultivars. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 2010;123:26-28.Umar G., Vasanthaiah H., Kambiranda D., Basha S., Phills B., Hunter W. Assessment of genetic diversity among selected raspberry cultivars. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 2010;123:26-28.Umar G., Vasanthaiah H., Kambiranda D., Basha S., Phills B., Hunter W. Assessment of genetic diversity among selected raspberry cultivars. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 2010;123:26-28.Umar G., Vasanthaiah H., Kambiranda D., Basha S., Phills B., Hunter W. Assessment of genetic diversity among selected raspberry cultivars. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 2010;123:26-28.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Lyons E., Filichkin S.A., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Plant J. 2016;87:535-547.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Lyons E., Filichkin S.A., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Plant J. 2016;87:535-547.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Lyons E., Filichkin S.A., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Plant J. 2016;87:535-547.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Lyons E., Filichkin S.A., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Plant J. 2016;87:535-547.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Filichkin S., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytonen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (Eds.). The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, 2018:185-197.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Filichkin S., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytonen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (Eds.). The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, 2018:185-197.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Filichkin S., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytonen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (Eds.). The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, 2018:185-197.VanBuren R., Bryant D., Bushakra J.M., Vining K.J., Filichkin S., Edger P.P., Rowley E.R., Priest H.D., Michael T.P., Dossett M., Finn C.E., Bassil N.V., Mockler T.C. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytonen T., Graham J., Harrison R. (Eds.). The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and Their Wild Relatives. Springer, 2018:185-197.Wang Y., Chen Q., Chen T., Tang H., Liu L., Wang X. Phylogenetic insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from multiple chloroplast and nuclear DNAs. Front. Plant Sci. 2016;7:968. DOI 10.3389/flps.2016.00968.Wang Y., Chen Q., Chen T., Tang H., Liu L., Wang X. Phylogenetic insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from multiple chloroplast and nuclear DNAs. Front. Plant Sci. 2016;7:968. DOI 10.3389/flps.2016.00968.Wang Y., Chen Q., Chen T., Tang H., Liu L., Wang X. Phylogenetic insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from multiple chloroplast and nuclear DNAs. Front. Plant Sci. 2016;7:968. DOI 10.3389/flps.2016.00968.Wang Y., Chen Q., Chen T., Tang H., Liu L., Wang X. Phylogenetic insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from multiple chloroplast and nuclear DNAs. Front. Plant Sci. 2016;7:968. DOI 10.3389/flps.2016.00968.Ward J.A., Bhangoo J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Moore P., Swanson J.D., Viola R., Velasco R., Bassil N., Weber C.A., Sargent D.J. Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:2.Ward J.A., Bhangoo J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Moore P., Swanson J.D., Viola R., Velasco R., Bassil N., Weber C.A., Sargent D.J. Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:2.Ward J.A., Bhangoo J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Moore P., Swanson J.D., Viola R., Velasco R., Bassil N., Weber C.A., Sargent D.J. Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:2.Ward J.A., Bhangoo J., Fernandez-Fernandez F., Moore P., Swanson J.D., Viola R., Velasco R., Bassil N., Weber C.A., Sargent D.J. Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:2.Ward J.A., Boone W.E., Moore P.P., Weber C.A. Developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection for resistance for Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) in red raspberry. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:61-66. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.6.Ward J.A., Boone W.E., Moore P.P., Weber C.A. Developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection for resistance for Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) in red raspberry. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:61-66. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.6.Ward J.A., Boone W.E., Moore P.P., Weber C.A. Developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection for resistance for Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) in red raspberry. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:61-66. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.6.Ward J.A., Boone W.E., Moore P.P., Weber C.A. Developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection for resistance for Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) in red raspberry. Acta Hortic. 2012;946:61-66. DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.946.6.Waugh R., Van de Ven W.T.G., Phillips M.S., Powell W. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Rubus revealed by Southern hybridization. Plant Syst. Evol. 1990;172:65-75.Waugh R., Van de Ven W.T.G., Phillips M.S., Powell W. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Rubus revealed by Southern hybridization. Plant Syst. Evol. 1990;172:65-75.Waugh R., Van de Ven W.T.G., Phillips M.S., Powell W. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Rubus revealed by Southern hybridization. Plant Syst. Evol. 1990;172:65-75.Waugh R., Van de Ven W.T.G., Phillips M.S., Powell W. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Rubus revealed by Southern hybridization. Plant Syst. Evol. 1990;172:65-75.Weber C.A. Genetic diversity in black raspberry detected by RAPD markers. HortScience. 2003;38(2):269-272.Weber C.A. Genetic diversity in black raspberry detected by RAPD markers. HortScience. 2003;38(2):269-272.Weber C.A. Genetic diversity in black raspberry detected by RAPD markers. HortScience. 2003;38(2):269-272.Weber C.A. Genetic diversity in black raspberry detected by RAPD markers. HortScience. 2003;38(2):269-272.Weber C.A., Pattison J., Samuelian S. Marker assisted selection for resistance to root rot in red raspberry caused by Phytophthora fraga-riae var. rubi. Acta Hortic. 2008;777:311-316. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2008.777.46.Weber C.A., Pattison J., Samuelian S. Marker assisted selection for resistance to root rot in red raspberry caused by Phytophthora fraga-riae var. rubi. Acta Hortic. 2008;777:311-316. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2008.777.46.Weber C.A., Pattison J., Samuelian S. Marker assisted selection for resistance to root rot in red raspberry caused by Phytophthora fraga-riae var. rubi. Acta Hortic. 2008;777:311-316. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2008.777.46.Weber C.A., Pattison J., Samuelian S. Marker assisted selection for resistance to root rot in red raspberry caused by Phytophthora fraga-riae var. rubi. Acta Hortic. 2008;777:311-316. DOI 10.17660/Acta-Hortic.2008.777.46.Werlemark G., Nybom H. Pollen donor impact on progenies of pseu-dogamous blackberries (Rubus subgen. Rubus). Euphytica. 2003; 133:71-80.Werlemark G., Nybom H. Pollen donor impact on progenies of pseu-dogamous blackberries (Rubus subgen. Rubus). Euphytica. 2003; 133:71-80.Werlemark G., Nybom H. Pollen donor impact on progenies of pseu-dogamous blackberries (Rubus subgen. Rubus). Euphytica. 2003; 133:71-80.Werlemark G., Nybom H. Pollen donor impact on progenies of pseu-dogamous blackberries (Rubus subgen. Rubus). Euphytica. 2003; 133:71-80.Wight H., Zhou J., Li M., Hannenhalli S., Mount S., Liu Z. Draft genome assembly and annotation of red raspberry Rubus idaeus. bioRxiv. 2019. DOI 10.1101/546135.Wight H., Zhou J., Li M., Hannenhalli S., Mount S., Liu Z. Draft genome assembly and annotation of red raspberry Rubus idaeus. bioRxiv. 2019. DOI 10.1101/546135.Wight H., Zhou J., Li M., Hannenhalli S., Mount S., Liu Z. Draft genome assembly and annotation of red raspberry Rubus idaeus. bioRxiv. 2019. DOI 10.1101/546135.Wight H., Zhou J., Li M., Hannenhalli S., Mount S., Liu Z. Draft genome assembly and annotation of red raspberry Rubus idaeus. bioRxiv. 2019. DOI 10.1101/546135.Woodhead M., Smith K., McCallum S., Cardle L., Mazzitelli M., Graham J. Identification, characterisation and mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from raspberry root and bud ESTs. Mol. Breed. 2008;22:555-563.Woodhead M., Smith K., McCallum S., Cardle L., Mazzitelli M., Graham J. Identification, characterisation and mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from raspberry root and bud ESTs. Mol. Breed. 2008;22:555-563.Woodhead M., Smith K., McCallum S., Cardle L., Mazzitelli M., Graham J. Identification, characterisation and mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from raspberry root and bud ESTs. Mol. Breed. 2008;22:555-563.Woodhead M., Smith K., McCallum S., Cardle L., Mazzitelli M., Graham J. Identification, characterisation and mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from raspberry root and bud ESTs. Mol. Breed. 2008;22:555-563.Woodhead M., Weir A., Smith K., McCallum S., MacKenzie K., Graham J. Functional markers for red raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2010;135(5):418-427.Woodhead M., Weir A., Smith K., McCallum S., MacKenzie K., Graham J. Functional markers for red raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2010;135(5):418-427.Woodhead M., Weir A., Smith K., McCallum S., MacKenzie K., Graham J. Functional markers for red raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2010;135(5):418-427.Woodhead M., Weir A., Smith K., McCallum S., MacKenzie K., Graham J. Functional markers for red raspberry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2010;135(5):418-427.Woodhead M., Williamson S., Smith K., McCallum S., Jennings N., Hackett C., Graham J. Identification of quantitative trait loci for cane splitting in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Mol. Breed. 2013;31:111-122.Woodhead M., Williamson S., Smith K., McCallum S., Jennings N., Hackett C., Graham J. Identification of quantitative trait loci for cane splitting in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Mol. Breed. 2013;31:111-122.Woodhead M., Williamson S., Smith K., McCallum S., Jennings N., Hackett C., Graham J. Identification of quantitative trait loci for cane splitting in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Mol. Breed. 2013;31:111-122.Woodhead M., Williamson S., Smith K., McCallum S., Jennings N., Hackett C., Graham J. Identification of quantitative trait loci for cane splitting in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Mol. Breed. 2013;31:111-122.Zurn J.D., Carter K.A., Yin M.H., Worthington M., Clark J.R., Finn C.E., Bassil N. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2018;143(5):381-390.Zurn J.D., Carter K.A., Yin M.H., Worthington M., Clark J.R., Finn C.E., Bassil N. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2018;143(5):381-390.Zurn J.D., Carter K.A., Yin M.H., Worthington M., Clark J.R., Finn C.E., Bassil N. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2018;143(5):381-390.Zurn J.D., Carter K.A., Yin M.H., Worthington M., Clark J.R., Finn C.E., Bassil N. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2018;143(5):381-390.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.