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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРОЦЕССЫ КОЭВОЛЮЦИИ В СИСТЕМЕ «ХИЩНИК–ЖЕРТВА». ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COEVOLUTION IN «A PREDATOR–PREY» SYSTEM: AN ECOGENETIC MODEL</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букин</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bukinyura@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Лимнологический институт Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, Иркутск, Россия&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Иркутский государственный технический университет, Иркутск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia&#13;
National Research Irkutsk State Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>320</fpage><lpage>328</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Букин Ю.С., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Букин Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Букин Ю.С.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/254">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/254</self-uri><abstract><p>В большинстве природных популяций кроме внутривидовой конкуренции за ресурсы среды существует определенное воздействие хищника. Характер и интенсивность взаимодействия жертв с хищниками могут влиять на ход конкурентного или симпатрического видообразования среди жертв и на процессы коэволюции или совместного видообразования. Математические методы позволяют разработать модели, достаточно точно описывающие все аспекты внутривидового и межвидового взаимодействия. В данной работе с помощью математического моделирования было исследовано влияние интенсивности межвидового взаимодействия на процесс конкурентного или симпатрического видообразования у жертв. Под интенсивностью взаимодействия понимается средняя доля жертв, уничтожаемых хищниками в единицу времени: чем больше средняя доля, тем больше интенсивность взаимодействия. В математических моделях интенсивность взаимодействия определяется значениями многих параметров. Изменение значения этих параметров будет влиять на интенсивность взаимодействия.</p><p>В ходе проведения исследований было установлено, что при достаточно большой интенсивности взаимодействия у жертв происходит значительное замедление процесса конкурентного видообразования. Жертвы в этой ситуации стремятся избежать влияния хищника, меняя свои адаптивные признаки. Другим важным результатом было то, что видообразование хищников происходит вслед за видообразованием у жертв тогда, когда вероятность мутационного изменения адаптивных признаков у хищников больше, чем у жертв.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In most natural populations, intraspecies competition for natural resources is supplemented by a predator impact. We suppose that the mode and intensity of the interaction between a prey and its predator affects the course of competitive or sympatric speciation among the prey and processes of co-evolution or cospeciation. Mathematical methods allow development of models precisely describing all sides of intra and interspecies interactions. In this paper, we use mathematical modeling to investigate the effect of the intensity of interspecies interactions on competitive or sympatric speciation inside a prey population. The iIntensity of the interaction is the average number of prey which predators eat in a unit of time: the higher is the number of prey eaten by predators, the greater is the intensity of the interaction. In mathematical models, the intensity of such interaction is determined by many parameters. Changes in these parameters will affect the intensity of the interaction. It was found that sufficiently high intensity of interaction slows down competitive speciation among the prey. The preys in this case, seeking to avoid the impact of predators by altering their adaptive traits. Another important result was that the speciation of predators follows prey speciation when the probability of mutational changes in adaptive traits of predators exceeds that in the prey.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>видообразование</kwd><kwd>жертва</kwd><kwd>хищник</kwd><kwd>межвидовое взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>динамика популяций</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>speciation</kwd><kwd>prey</kwd><kwd>predator</kwd><kwd>interspecies interactions</kwd><kwd>population dynamics</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Д.Ю. Щербаков, И.Б. Мезандронцев, А.В. Натяганова (Лимнологический институт СО РАН, г. Иркутск); У. 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