References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ20.608

vavilov-2542

Research Article

СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ

PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY

Стеблевая ржавчина в Западной Сибири – расовый состав и эффективные гены устойчивости

Stem rust in Western Siberia – race composition and effective resistance genes

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4767-9957

Шаманин

В. П.

Shamanin

V. P.

vp.shamanin@omgau.org

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3574-2875

Потоцкая

И. В.

Pototskaya

I. V.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-8725

Шепелев

С. С.

Shepelev

S. S.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-2167

Пожерукова

В. Е.

Pozherukova

V. E.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-847X

Салина

Е. А.

Salina

E. A.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-5695

Сколотнева

Е. С.

Skolotneva

E. S.

Ходсон

Д.

Hodson

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-8898

Хоумвёллер

М.

Hovmøller

Патпур

М.

Patpour

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-5655

Моргунов

А. И.

Morgounov

A. I.

Омский государственный аграрный университет им. П.А. СтолыпинаРоссияOmsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. StolypinRussian Federation

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation

CIMMYTЭфиопияCIMMYTEthiopia

Орхусский университетДанияAarhus UniversityDenmark

Представительство CIMMYTТурцияCIMMYT-TurkeyTurkey

2020

23042020

242131138

2020

Шаманин В.П., Потоцкая И.В., Шепелев С.С., Пожерукова В.Е., Салина Е.А., Сколотнева Е.С., Ходсон Д., Хоумвёллер М., Патпур М., Моргунов А.И.

Shamanin V.P., Pototskaya I.V., Shepelev S.S., Pozherukova V.E., Salina E.A., Skolotneva E.S., Hodson D., Hovmøller M., Patpour M., Morgounov A.I.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2542

Стеблевая ржавчина пшеницы в последние годы приобрела эпифитотийный характер, нанося значительный экономический ущерб производству зерна пшеницы в отдельных областях Западной Сибири. По результатам изучения расового состава популяций стеблевой ржавчины, собранной в 2016–2017 гг. в Омской области и Алтайском крае, выявлено 13 патотипов в омской популяции и 10 – в алтайской. Дифференцирование рас стеблевой ржавчины проводили с помощью тестерного набора 20 североамериканских линий-дифференциаторов Srгенов. Гены патотипов стеблевой ржавчины омской популяции авирулентны только к гену устойчивости Sr31, алтайские изоляты авирулентны, помимо Sr31, к генам Sr24, Sr30. Низкая частота вирулентности (10–25 %) патотипов омской популяции установлена для Sr11, Sr24, Sr30, а патотипов алтайской – для Sr7b,Sr9b,Sr11,SrTmp, которые неэффективны в Омской области. Полевая оценка устойчивости к стеблевой ржавчине проводилась в 2016–2018 гг. в Омской области в динамике в течение вегета-ционного периода у сортов и линий мягкой пшеницы из трех различных источников. Первый набор вклю-чал 58 линий и сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы с идентифицированными генами Sr, условно называемыми « питомник-ловушка» (ISRTN – international stem rust trap nursery). Второй набор включал линии яровой пшеницы из коллекции «Арсенал», отобранные ранее по комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков и несущие пирамиду генов устойчивости к стеблевой ржавчине, в том числе интрогрессированных в геном мягкой пшеницы от дикорастущих видов злаков. Третий набор включал сорта яровой мягкой пшеницы, созданные в Омском аграрном университете по программе челночной селекции, имеющие в родословной синтетическую пшеницу с геномом Ae. tauschii. Установлено, что линии с генами Sr31,Sr40,Sr2 complexневосприимчивы к стеблевой ржавчине в условиях Западно-Сибирского региона. Выделены источники с эффективными гена-ми Sr : из питомника ISRTN – (Benno)/6*LMPG-6 DK42 (Sr31), Seri 82 (Sr31), Cham 10 (Sr31), Bacanora (Sr31), RL 6087 Dyck (Sr40), Amigo (Sr24,1RS-Am), Siouxland (Sr24,Sr31), Roughrider (Sr6,Sr36), Sisson (Sr6,Sr31,Sr36), Fleming (Sr6,Sr24,Sr36,1RS-Am), Pavon 76 (Sr2 complex); из коллекции «Арсенал» – № 1 BC 1F2 (96 × 113) × 145 × 113 (Sr2, Sr36,Sr44), № 14а F 3(96 × 113) × 145 (Sr36,Sr44), № 19 BC 2F3(96 × 113) × 113 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr44), № 20 F 3(96 × 113) × 145 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr40,Sr44); сорта Омского аграрного университета – Элемент 22 (Sr31,Sr35), Лютесценс 27-12, Лютесценс 87-12 (Sr23,Sr36), Лютесценс 70-13, Лютесценс 8713 (Sr23,Sr31,Sr36). Выделенные источники рекомендуются для включения в селекционный процесс при создании сортов, устойчивых к стеблевой ржавчине в условиях региона.

Stem rust in recent years has acquired an epiphytotic character, causing significant economic damage for wheat production in some parts of Western Siberia. On the basis of a race composition study of the stem rust populations collected in 2016–2017 in Omsk region and Altai Krai, 13 pathotypes in Omsk population and 10 in Altai population were identified. The race differentiation of stem rust using a tester set of 20 North American Sr genes differentiator lines was carried out. The genes of stem rust pathotypes of the Omsk population are avirulent only to the resistance gene Sr31, Altai isolates are avirulent not only to Sr31, but also to Sr24, and Sr30. A low frequency of virulence (10–25 %) of the Omsk population pathotypes was found for Sr11, Sr24,Sr30, and for Altai population – Sr7b,Sr9b,Sr11,SrTmp, which are ineffective in Omsk region. Field evaluations of resistance to stem rust were made in 2016–2018 in Omsk region in the varieties and spring wheat lines from three different sources. The first set included 58 lines and spring bread wheat varieties with identified Sr genes – the so-called trap nursery (ISRTN – International Stem Rust Trap Nursery). The second set included spring wheat lines from the Arsenal collection, that were previously selected according to a complex of economically valuable traits, with genes for resistance to stem rust, including genes introgressed into the common wheat genome from wild cereal species. The third set included spring bread wheat varieties created in the Omsk State Agrarian University within the framework of a shuttle breeding program, with a synthetic wheat with the Ae. tauschiigenome in their pedigrees. It was established that the resistance genes Sr31, Sr40,Sr2 complexare effective against stem rust in the conditions of Western Siberia. The following sources with effective Srgenes were selected: (Benno)/6*LMPG-6 DK42, Seri 82, Cham 10, Bacanora (Sr31), RL 6087 Dyck (Sr40), Amigo (Sr24,1RS-Am), Siouxland (Sr24,Sr31), Roughrider (Sr6, Sr36), Sisson (Sr6,Sr31,Sr36), and Fleming (Sr6,Sr24,Sr36,1RS-Am), Pavon 76 (Sr2 complex) from the ISRTN nursery; No. 1 BC 1F2 (96 × 113) × 145 × 113 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr44), No. 14а F 3(96 × 113) × 145 (Sr36,Sr44), No. 19 BC 2F3(96 × 113) × 113 (Sr2, Sr36, Sr44), and No. 20 F 3 (96 × 113) × 145 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr40, Sr44) from the Arsenal collection; and the Omsk State Agrarian University varieties Element 22 (Sr31,Sr35), Lutescens 27-12, Lutescens 87-12 (Sr23,Sr36), Lutescens 70-13, and Lutescens 87-13 (Sr23,Sr31,Sr36). These sources are recommended for inclusion in the breeding process for developing stem rust resistant varieties in the region.

мягкая пшеницастеблевая ржавчинапатотипэффективные гены устойчивостиселекция

bread wheatstem rustpathotypeeffective resistance genesbreeding

The present research has been carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 16-16-10005) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 17-29-08018)

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.