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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ20.609</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2543</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпифитотический процесс септориоза на сортах яровой пшеницы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Septoriablotch epidemic process on spring wheat varieties</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торопова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toropova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск;</p><p>р.п. Большие Вяземы, Одинцовский район,  Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk;</p><p>r. p. Bolshie Vyazemy, Odintsovo district, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89139148962@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск;</p><p>р.п. Большие Вяземы, Одинцовский район,  Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>r. p. Bolshie Vyazemy, Odintsovo district, Moscow region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-5227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пискарев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piskarev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет;&#13;
Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт фитопатологии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Agrarian University;&#13;
All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>139</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Торопова Е.Ю., Казакова О.А., Пискарев В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торопова Е.Ю., Казакова О.А., Пискарев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Toropova E.Y., Kazakova O.A., Piskarev V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2543">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2543</self-uri><abstract><p>Септориоз листьев и колоса яровой пшеницы – одна из наиболее экономически значимых  инфекций в Сибирском регионе. В системах контроля септориоза основным экологически безопасным  элементом являются устойчивые сорта, которые тормозят или останавливают развитие эпифитотическо-го процесса путем замедления размножения возбудителей септориоза. Цель работы состояла в уточнении  видового состава возбудителей септориоза по регионам Западной Сибири и сортам яровой пшеницы, исследовании эпифитотического процесса септориоза дифференцированно на листьях и колосьях сортов, а  также в оценке активности семенной передачи Рarastagonospora nodorum. Исследования проводили в 2016– 2018 гг. по общепринятым методикам. В Западной Сибири септориоз листьев и колоса яровой пшеницы ши-роко распространен: 35 % по показателю развития болезни и 90 % по распространенности. Видовой состав возбудителей септориоза представлен Р. nodorum, Septoria triticiи P. avenaef. sp. triticae, причем соотношение  видов изменялось по регионам. В Новосибирской области отмечено полное доминирование Р.  nodorum,  S. tritici встречался в 13.8 раза реже, а P. avenaef. sp. triticaeединично. В Тюменской области доминирование  Р. nodorumне было таким безусловным и нарушалось в некоторых географических пунктах S. triticiи P. avenae f. sp. triticae. В Алтайском крае во всех точках учета преобладал Р. nodorum; S. triticiи P. avenaef. sp. triticae встречались повсеместно, но в 5.6 и 8.6 раза реже соответственно. Изучение сортов яровой пшеницы разного происхождения не позволило выявить иммунных к септориозу листьев и колоса форм. Установлено дифференцированное проявление признаков устойчивости к септориозу листьев и колоса, выделены сорта,  сочетающие пониженную восприимчивость к септориозу и листьев, и колоса. Инфицированность семян  фитопатогеном в регионах Сибири достигала 7 экономических порогов вредоносности и в значительной  степени (52.5 %) определялась погодными условиями августа. Изучение коллекций сортов из трех регио-нов Сибири позволило вы явить следующую тенденцию: наиболее активно передача P. nodorumс семенами  сортов шла в Новосибирской области (7.6 %), в меньшей степени – в Омской (5.7 %); самая благополучная  фитосанитарная ситуация была в Курганской области: сорта передавали P.  nodo rumв слабой степени (2.1 %),  ниже экологического порога вредоносности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Septoriablotch of spring wheat leaves and ears is one of the most economically significant infections in the Siberian region. In the control systems of Septoriablotch the main ecologically safe element is resistant  varieties, which are designed to slow down the pathogens reproduction rate and slow down or stop the development of the epiphytotic process. The purpose of the work was to clarify the species composition of Septoriablotch  pathogens for West Siberian regions and spring wheat varieties, to study the epiphytotic process of Septoriadifferentially on the leaves and ears of varieties, and to evaluate the activity of seed transmission of Parastagonospora  nodorum. Studies were carried out in 2016–2018 according to generally accepted methods. Septorialeaf and ear  blotch of spring wheat is widespread in West Siberia and the Trans-Urals, causing a decrease in yield by up to 50 %  or more with the deterioration in grain quality. The causative agents of the disease are P. nodorum, Septoria tritici,  and P. avenaef. sp. triticae, and the species ratio varied across the regions and varieties, and within plant organs.  In Novosibirsk Region, P. nodorumcompletely dominated; S. triticiwas 13.8 times less common; and P. avenae f. sp. triticaewas a singleton. In Tyumen Region, the dominance of P. nodorumwas disrupted in some geographic  locations by S. triticiand P. avenaef. sp. triticae. In Altai Krai, P. nodorumpredominated at all points studied; S. tritici and P. avenaef. sp. triticaewere found everywhere, but 5.6 and 8.6 times less often, respectively. The study of spring  wheat varieties of different origins has not revealed any samples immune to Septoriablotch. A differen tiated manifestation of resistance to Septorialeaf and ear disease has been established. Some varieties show complex resistance, combining reduced susceptibility to Septorialeaf and ear disease. Seed infection with P. nodorumin the  regions of Siberia reached 7 thresholds and was largely (52.5 %) determined by the August weather conditions.  The study of the collection of spring wheat varieties from three Siberian regions has revealed the following trend.  Transmission of P. nodorumwith the seeds of varieties was the most active (7.6 %) in Novosibirsk Region and somewhat weaker in Omsk Region (5.7 %). The most favorable phytosanitary situation was in Kurgan Region, where  varieties transmitted P. nodorumto a low degree (2.1 %), below the threshold.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>септориоз листьев и колоса</kwd><kwd>яровая пшеница</kwd><kwd>мониторинг</kwd><kwd>Рarastagonospora nodorum</kwd><kwd>Septoria tritici</kwd><kwd>P. avenaef. sp. triticae</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>семенная передача</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Septorialeaf and ear blotch</kwd><kwd>spring wheat</kwd><kwd>monitoring</kwd><kwd>Рarastagonospora nodorum</kwd><kwd>Septoria tritici</kwd><kwd>P.  avenaef. sp. triticae</kwd><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>seed transmission</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by state budget projects Nos. 0598-2015-0001 (All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology) and  0324-2019-0039 (Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS). 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