vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ20.617vavilov-2589Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬPLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCEОпределение селекционной ценности коллекционных образцов нута (Cicer arietinum L.) методом кластерного анализаDetermination of the breeding value of collection chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) accessions by cluster analysishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-9158ВусН. А.VusN. A.

Харьков

Kharkiv

vus.nadezhda@gmail.comКобызеваЛ. Н.KobyzevaL. N.

Харьков

Kharkiv

БезуглаяО. Н.BezuglayaO. N.

Харьков

Kharkiv

Институт растениеводства им. В.Я. Юрьева, Национальная академия аграрных наук УкраиныУкраинаPlant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuryev, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of UkraineUkraine202028052020243244251Copyright © Вус Н.А., Кобызева Л.Н., Безуглая О.Н., 20202020Вус Н.А., Кобызева Л.Н., Безуглая О.Н.Vus N.A., Kobyzeva L.N., Bezuglaya O.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2589

Оценка генетических ресурсов нута (Cicer arietinum L.) в нетипичной для выращивания зоне (восточная часть лесостепи Украины) дает возможность выделить ценный исходный материал для приоритетных направлений селекции. В статье представлены результаты кластерного анализа образцов нута Национального центра генетических ресурсов растений Украины (НЦГРРУ) по комплексу агрономических характеристик. В период 2005-2017 гг. были изучены 653 образца базовой коллекции нута НЦГРРУ: 369 образцов морфотипа kabuli и 284 - desi. Выделены 152 источника ценных признаков по 11 показателям: засухоустойчивости, устойчивости к аскохитозу, скороспелости (длительности вегетационного периода), урожайности, продуктивности, количеству продуктивных бобов, количеству семян с одного растения, реакции на нитрагинизацию, содержанию белка, крупности семян, разваримости. Эти образцы (77 типа kabuli - светлоокрашенные и 75 desi - темноокрашенные) были сгруппированы по комплексу ценных хозяйственных признаков с помощью кластерного анализа методом евклидовых расстояний. Результаты исследования показали, что представленная выборка состоит из четырех кластеров. В кластере 1 преобладают образцы типа kabuli с оптимальным сочетанием ценных признаков: засухоустойчивость, устойчивость к аскохитозу, крупносемянность, высокая урожайность и продуктивность, количество бобов и семян, содержание белка в семенах. В этот кластер вошли стандарты и большинство эталонов, которые характеризуются высокой адаптивностью к условиям восточной части лесостепи Украины. Образцы кластера 2 отличаются высокой устойчивостью к аскохитозу, позднеспелостью, мелкосемянностью, низким содержанием белка, средней реакцией на нитрагинизацию и высокой продуктивностью за счет большого количества продуктивных бобов и семян с одного растения. Большая часть образцов этого кластера - мелкосемянные позднеспелые образцы типа kabuli. Кластер 3 состоит из трех образцов, отличающихся высокой крупностью семян, средним уровнем урожайности, высокой реакцией на нитрагинизацию и повышенным содержанием белка при низкой устойчивости к аскохитозу. Кластер 4 объединяет преимущественно образцы морфотипа desi (63 %), среднеспелые со средними показателями урожайности, содержания белка и устойчивости к аскохитозу, с невысокой крупностью семян и продуктивностью, низкой разваримостью и засухоустойчивостью. Представители этого кластера - преимущественно источники одного признака - и могут иметь узкое применение в специализированных селекционных программах. На основе полученных данных предлагается приоритетное использование образцов первого кластера в селекционных программах по созданию сортов нута для лесостепной зоны.

Assessment of the genetic resources of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in a zone that is atypical for its cultivation (eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine) gives an opportunity to identify valuable starting material for priority breeding areas. The article presents the results of a cluster analysis on chickpea accessions from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine (NCPGRU) for a set of agronomic characteristics. In 2005-2017, 653 chickpea accessions from the NCPGRU's core collection were studied: 369 kabuli accessions and 284 desi accessions. One hundred and fifty two sources of valuable traits were identified for 11 parameters: drought tolerance, resistance to Ascochyta leaf and pod spot, early ripening (vegetation period length), yield, performance, number of productive pods and seed number per plant, response to nitrogenization, protein content, seed size, and cooking quality. These accessions (77 kabuli accessions are light-colored and 75 desi ones are dark-colored) were grouped by a set of valuable economic characteristics using cluster analysis with the Euclidean distance as a measure. The study showed that this sample consisted of 4 clusters. Cluster 1 contained mainly kabuli accessions with optimal combinations of valuable traits: drought tolerance, resistance to Ascochyta leaf and pod spot, large seeds, high yield capacity and performance, pod and seed numbers as well as protein content in seeds. This cluster includes standards and most of reference varieties, which are well-adapted to the conditions of the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. The accessions of cluster 2 are characterized by high resistance to Ascochyta leaf and pod spot, late ripening, small seeds, low protein content, moderate response to nitrogenization, high performance attributed to a large number of productive pods and seeds per plant. Most of the accessions of this cluster are small-seeded late-ripening kabuli accessions. Cluster 3 consists of 3 accessions, which have large seeds and high protein content in them, give moderate yields, are highly responsive to nitrogenization and poorly resistant to Ascochyta leaf and pod spot. Cluster 4 comprises mainly desi accessions (63 %), which are mid-ripening, with small seeds, low performance, moderate yield capacity, medium protein content, poor cooking quality, moderate resistance to Ascochyta leaf and pod spot, and low drought tolerance. Representatives of this cluster are predominantly sources of one trait and may have restricted application in specialized breeding programs. Based on the data obtained, we concluded that the accessions of cluster 1 were preferable in breeding programs to develop chickpea varieties for the forest-steppe zone.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.