vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ20.618vavilov-2590Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬPLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCEИспользование метаболомного подхода для поиска форм Aegilops tauschii coss. из коллекции Вир им. н.и. Вавилова, устойчивых к грибным патогенамMetabolomic approach to search for fungal resistant forms of Aegilops tauschii Coss. from the VIR collectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-5353ШеленгаТ. В.ShelengaT. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

tatianashelenga@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-1336МалышевЛ. Л.MalyshevL. L.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-6968КервЮ. А.KervYu. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3142-2877ДюбенкоТ. В.DiubenkoT. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-1014КонаревА. В.KonarevA. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-2777ХореваВ. И.HorevaV. I.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-3531БелоусоваМ. Х.BelousovaM. K.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-127XКолесоваМ. А.KolesovaM. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9698-263XЧикидаН. Н.ChikidaN. N.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian Federation202028052020243252258Copyright © Шеленга Т.В., Малышев Л.Л., Керв Ю.А., Дюбенко Т.В., Конарев А.В., Хорева В.И., Белоусова М.Х., Колесова М.А., Чикида Н.Н., 20202020Шеленга Т.В., Малышев Л.Л., Керв Ю.А., Дюбенко Т.В., Конарев А.В., Хорева В.И., Белоусова М.Х., Колесова М.А., Чикида Н.Н.Shelenga T.V., Malyshev L.L., Kerv Y.A., Diubenko T.V., Konarev A.V., Horeva V.I., Belousova M.K., Kolesova M.A., Chikida N.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2590

Расширение генетического разнообразия доноров устойчивости Triticum L. к биотическим факторам среды - актуальная задача, которую возможно решить благодаря использованию в селекционных программах дикорастущих родичей пшеницы, в частности Aegilops tauschii Coss. По существующим представлениям, последний - донор генома D мягкой пшеницы T. aestivum L. и носитель ряда ценных селекционных признаков. Это значительно облегчает скрещивание Ae. tauschii с мягкой пшеницей. Виды рода Aegilops L. являются донорами эффективных генов устойчивости пшеницы к грибным болезням. Так, от видов Aе. tauschii в геном T. aestivum L. успешно интрогрессированы гены, детерминирующие устойчивость мягкой пшеницы к возбудителям ржавчины. Целью нашего исследования было выявление различий по метаболомным профилям форм (генотипов) Ae. tauschii, устойчивых и неустойчивых к грибным патогенам (Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici и Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici), что позволит использовать такие показатели в качестве биохимических маркеров устойчивости. Сравнительный анализ групп образцов Ae. tauschii показал, что метаболомные профили устойчивых и неустойчивых к грибным патогенам форм достоверно различаются между собой по содержанию небелковых аминокислот, многоатомных спиртов, фитостеро-лов, ацилглицеролов, моно- и олигосахаридов, гликозидов, фенольных соединений (гидрохинона, кемп-ферола) и др. Последнее подтверждается ранее полученными нами данными о связи устойчивости овса (Avena sativa L.) к возбудителям фузариоза с определенными компонентами их метаболомного профиля: ацилглицеролами, небелковыми аминокислотами, галактинолом и др. Таким образом, наши исследования еще раз подтвердили возможность и эффективность применения метаболомного анализа для скрининга генетического разнообразия образцов коллекции ВИР, в частности Ae. tauschii, с целью выделения форм, имеющих в метаболомном профиле набор соединений, характеризующих их как устойчивые. К таковым относятся образцы Ae. tauschii с высоким содержанием пипеколиновых кислот, ацилглицеролов, галактинола, стигмастерола, глицерола, азелаиновой и пирогалловой кислот, кампестерола, гидрохинона и др., которые могут быть использованы для создания сортов пшеницы и тритикале, высокоустойчивых к грибным патогенам - возбудителям мучнистой росы, бурой и желтой ржавчины.

Broadening of the genetic diversity of donors of resistance to biotic environmental factors is a challenging problem concerning Triticum L., which can be solved by using wild relatives of wheat, in particular, Aegilops tauschii Coss., in breeding programs. This species, believed to be the donor of D genome of common wheat (T. aestivum L.), is a source of some traits important for breeding. This greatly facilitates the possibility of crossing Ae. tauschii with common wheat. Aegilops L. species are donors of effective genes for resistance to fungal diseases in wheat. For instance, genes that determine resistance to rust agents in common wheat were successfully introgressed from Ae. tauschii into the genome of T. aestivum L. The aim of our study was to identify differences in metabolomic profiles of Ae. tauschii forms (genotypes), resistant or susceptible to such fungal pathogens as Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici and Erysiphegraminis f. sp. tritici.These indicators may be used as biochemical markers of resistance. A comparative analysis of groups of Ae. tauschii accessions showed that metabolomic profiles of the forms with or without resistance to fungal pathogens differed significantly in the contents of nonproteinogenic amino acids, polyols, phytosterols, acylglycerols, mono- and oligosaccharides, glycosides, phenolic compounds (hydroquinone, kempferol), etc. This fact was consistent with the previously obtained data on the relationship between Fusarium resistance in oats (Avenasativa L.) and certain components of the metabolomic profile, such as acylglycerols, nonproteinogenic amino acids, galactinol, etc. Thus, our studies once again confirmed the possibility and effectiveness of the use of metabolomic analysis for screening the genetic diversity of accessions in the VIR collection, of Ae. tauschii in particular, in order to identify forms with a set of compounds in their metabolomic profile, which characterize them as resistant. Ae. tauschii accessions with a high content of pipecolic acids, acylglycerols, galactinol, stigmasterol, glycerol, azelaic and pyrogallic acids, campesterol, hydroquinone, etc., can be used for creating wheat and triticale cultivars with high resistance to fungal pathogens causing powdery mildew, brown rust, and yellow rust.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.