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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ20.46-o</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2716</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ И КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Получение микродиссекционных ДНК-проб из метафазных хромосом в случае невозможности идентификации целевой хромосомы методами рутинного окрашивания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Generation of microdissected DNA probes from metaphase chromosomes when chromosome identification by routine staining is impossible</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Задесенец</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadesenets</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубцов</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubtsov</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">rubt@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>524</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Задесенец К.С., Рубцов Н.Б., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Задесенец К.С., Рубцов Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zadesenets K.S., Rubtsov N.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2716">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2716</self-uri><abstract><p>При проведении многочисленных и разнообразных молекулярно-цитогенетических исследований микродиссекционные ДНК-библиотеки и ДНК-пробы зарекомендовали себя как надежный и эффективный инструмент как в диагностике и анализе хромосомных патологий человека, так и в работах, посвященных изучению реорганизации хромосом в ходе кариотипической эволюции. Важным преимуществом микродиссекционных ДНК-проб перед хромосомоспецифичными ДНК-пробами, полученными с помощью хромосомного сортинга, является возможность их приготовления из хромосомного материала индивидуальных животных без дополнительного этапа создания клеточных культур, предназначенных для производства большого числа метафазных хромосом. Одно из основных условий успешного использования микродиссекционной техники – идентификация целевой хромосомы на препаратах метафазных хромосом, что позволяет, используя микроманипуляционную технику, осуществлять сбор непосредственно ее материала с цитологических препаратов. В настоящей работе предложена технология создания ДНК-проб для индивидуальных хромосом даже в том случае, когда рутинное окрашивание не дает провести их надежную идентификацию. Представленный подход апробирован при получении наборов хромосомоспецифичных ДНКпроб для хромосом двух видов свободноживущих плоских червей рода Macrostomum – M. mirumnovem и M. cliftonensis. Кариотипы этих видов содержат три пары мелких, близких по размеру метацентрических хромосом, надежная идентификация которых после окрашивания красителем Гимза оказалась невозможной. Раздельный сбор всех метафазных хромосом из одной метафазной пластинки с последующей амплификацией их ДНК позволил создать ДНК-пробы, специфически окрашивающие исходные хромосомы при проведении даже частичной супрессионной гибридизации in situ. При анализе результатов такой супрессионной гибридизации in situ идентифицированы хромосомы, из которых были получены ДНК-пробы. Последующее пулирование ДНК-проб, созданных из гомологичных хромосом, способствовало увеличению интенсивности их специфического окрашивания при проведении их супрессионной гибридизации in situ. Это, в свою очередь, обеспечило возможность успешного применения предлагаемого подхода в экспериментах, посвященных изучению кариотипической эволюции в роде Macrostomum, а также при анализе хромосомных перестроек, имеющих место в лабораторных культурах M. mirumnovem.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Application of microdissected DNA libraries and DNA probes in numerous and various modern molecular cytogenetic studies showed them as an efficient and reliable tool in the analysis of chromosome reorganization during karyotypic evolution and in the diagnosis of human chromosome pathology. An important advantage of DNA probe generation by metaphase chromosome microdissection followed by sequence-independent polymerase chain reaction in comparison with the method of DNA probe generation using chromosome sorting is the possibility of DNA probe preparation from chromosomes of an individual sample without cell line establishment for the production of a large number of metaphase chromosomes. One of the main requirements for successful application of this technique is a possibility for identification of the chromosome of interest during its dissection and collection of its material from metaphase plates spread on the coverslip. In the present study, we developed and applied a technique for generation of microdissected DNA probes in the case when chromosome identification during microdissection appeared to be impossible. The technique was used for generation of two sets of Whole Chromosome Paints (WCPs) from all chromosomes of two species of free-living flatworms in the genus Macrostomum, M. mirumnovem and M. cliftonensis. The single-copy chromosome technique including separate collection of all chromosomes from one metaphase plate allowed us to generate WCPs that painted specifically the original chromosome by Chromosome In Situ Suppression Hybridization (CISS-Hybridization). CISS-Hybridization allowed identifying the original chromosome(s) used for DNA probe generation. Pooled WCPs derived from homologous chromosomes increased the intensity and specificity of chromosome painting provided by CISS-Hybridization. In the result, the obtained DNA probes appeared to be good enough for application in our studies devoted to analysis of karyotypic evolution in the genus Macrostomum and for analysis of chromosome rearrangements among the worms of laboratory cultures of M. mirumnovem.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микродиссекция метафазных хромосом</kwd><kwd>микродиссекционные ДНК-пробы</kwd><kwd>флуоресцентная in situ гибридизация</kwd><kwd>сиквенс-независимая полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metaphase chromosome microdissection</kwd><kwd>Whole Chromosome Paints</kwd><kwd>FISH</kwd><kwd>sequence-independent polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant 19-14-00211</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferguson-Smith M.A., Trifonov V. 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