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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СТАДИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ЦВЕТКА, ОПТИМАЛЬНАЯ ДЛЯ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ОПЫЛЕНИЯ, ВАРЬИРУЕТ В РОДЕ ГОРОХ (PISUM L.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PEA (PISUM L.) ACCESSIONS DIFFER IN THE STAGE OF FLOWER DEVELOPMENT BEST FOR POLLINATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костерин</surname><given-names>О. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosterin</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kosterin@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kosterin@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>478</fpage><lpage>485</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костерин О.Э., Богданова В.С., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костерин О.Э., Богданова В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosterin O.E., Bogdanova V.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>С целью оптимизировать поцедуру искусственного опыления для разных видов и подвидов гороха у 8 образцов, принадлежащих таксонам Pisum fulvum, Pisum sativum ssp. elatius (дикие), P. abyssinicum и P. sativum ssp. sativum (культивируемые), сравнивалась эффективность искусственного опыления (среднее число семян на один опыленный цветок) собственной пыльцой при использовании трех способов опыления : 1) сразу после кастрации бутона на стадии до раскрытия пыльников; 2) после раскрытия цветка, кастрированного на той же стадии (отложенное опыление), и 3) двукратное опыление, как в методах (1) и (2). У культурных форм эффективность опыления всеми тремя способами не различалась. У диких форм метод (2) по сравнению с методом (1) показал сходные или лучшие результаты, а метод (3) показал результаты, сравнимые с таковыми для метода (2). Для образца 721 (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius) с особо крупными цветками метод 2 (отложенное опыление) оказался в 12 раз эффективнее метода (1). Для дикорастущих форм гороха можно рекомендовать отложенное опыление.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In order to optimize artificial pollination in various pea species and subspecies, the efficiency of artificial pollination was analyzed in eight accessions belonging to Pisum fulvum, Pisum sativum ssp. elatius (wild), P. abyssinicum, and P. sativum ssp. sativum (cultivated). Mean numbers of seeds per flower pollinated with its own pollen were determined in three pollination methods: 1) immediately after bud castration before anther dehiscence, 2) after the dehiscence of a flower castrated at the same stage (delayed pollination), and 3) double pollination as in methods (1) and (2). These methods did not differ in efficiency in cultivated accessions. In wild ones, method (2) was similar to (1) or better, whereas method (3) was comparable in efficiency with method (2). Method (2) (delayed pollination) was 12 times as efficient as method (1) in accession 721 (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius), possessing very large flowers. Delayed pollination is recommended for wild pea varieties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дикий горох</kwd><kwd>Pisum L.</kwd><kwd>искусственное опыление</kwd><kwd>самоопыление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wild pea</kwd><kwd>Pisum L.</kwd><kwd>artificial pollination</kwd><kwd>self-pollination</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>грант РФФИ № 13-04-00516 и бюджетный проект VI.53.1.3</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ben-Ze’ev N., Zohary D. Species relationship in the genus Pisum L. // Israel J. Bot. 1973. V. 22. P. 73–91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ben-Ze’ev N., Zohary D. Species relationship in the genus Pisum L. // Israel J. Bot. 1973. V. 22. 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