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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ20.656</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GENE POOL AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алкалоиды люпина узколистного как фактор, определяющий альтернативные пути использования и селекции культуры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alkaloids of narrow-leaved lupine as a factor determining alternative ways of the crop’s utilization and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-7745</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.vishnyakova.vir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-7961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнарева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnareva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-5353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеленга</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelenga</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-1336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>625</fpage><lpage>635</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишнякова М.А., Кушнарева А.В., Шеленга Т.В., Егорова Г.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишнякова М.А., Кушнарева А.В., Шеленга Т.В., Егорова Г.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnyakova M.A., Kushnareva A.V., Shelenga T.V., Egorova G.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2778">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2778</self-uri><abstract><p>Люпин узколистный (Lupinus angustifolius L.) – ценная зернобобовая культура, адаптированная к широкому спектру климатических условий и имеющая непродолжительную историю доместикации. В течение многих веков его употребляли преимущественно как сидеральное растение, поскольку успех и перспективы многоцелевого использования вида зависят от его селекционного улучшения, в частности от содержания определенного уровня алкалоидов в семенах и зеленой массе. Первые сорта научной селекции были созданы в 1930-х гг., после выявления низкоалкалоидных мутантов. Производство этой культуры сдерживается нестабильной урожайностью и подверженностью болезням. Очевидно, что селекционеры имеют дело лишь с небольшой частью генофонда вида и ограниченными генетическими ресурсами, используя для получения новых сортов преимущественно низкоалкалоидные (сладкие) генотипы. Генетический потенциал вида можно задействовать эффективнее. При этом сидеральные сорта рационально создавать высокоалкалоидными (горькими), а продовольственные и кормовые за счет элиминации алкалоидов не должны терять адаптивные свойства, в том числе устойчивость к патогенам. В этом отношении продуктивной идеей представляется выведение сладко-горьких сортов, сочетающих высокое содержание алкалоидов в вегетативной массе и низкое – в семенах, чего можно добиться путем регулирования синтеза/транспорта алкалоидов в растении. В обзоре рассмотрены современное состояние использования вида в качестве сидерального, кормового, пищевого растения. Приведены сведения о количестве и качественном составе алкалоидов люпина узколистного, их прикладном значении, в частности фунгицидной, антибактериальной, инсектицидной функциях, применении отдельных алкалоидов люпина в качестве действующих начал лекарственных средств. Наряду с селекционным улучшением культуры обсуждаются возможные технологии переработки высокоалкалоидного сырья с сопутствующим извлечением ценных ингредиентов для фармацевтики. Кратко представлены сведения о геномных ресурсах вида и перспективах их использования в маркер-опосредованной селекции и при редактировании генома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.), a valuable leguminous crop adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions, has a very short history of domestication. For many centuries it was used mainly as a green manure, since the success and prospects of the multi-purpose use of the species depend on its breeding improvement, in particular, on a particular concentration of alkaloids in seeds and green mass. The first varieties of scientific breeding were created only in the 1930s after the appearance of low-alkaloid mutants. Despite wide prospects for use in various areas of the national economy, unstable productivity and susceptibility to diseases hinder the production of this crop. Obviously, breeders deal only with a small part of the gene pool of the species and limited genetic resources, using mainly low-alkaloid (sweet) genotypes to create new varieties. The genetic potential of the species can be used more efficiently. At the same time, it is rational to create highly alkaloid (bitter) varieties for green manure, while food and feed varieties should not lose their adaptive potential, in particular, resistance to pathogens, due to the elimination of alkaloids. In this regard, it seems to be a productive idea to create ‘bitter/sweet’ varieties combining a high content of alkaloids in the vegetative organs and low in seeds, which can be achieved by regulating the synthesis/transport of alkaloids in the plant. The paper discusses the current state of use of the species as a green manure, fodder, food plant. Information is given on the quantity and qualitative composition of narrow-leaved lupine alkaloids, their applied value, in particular, fungicidal, antibacterial, insecticidal, the use of lupine alkaloids as active principles of drugs. Along with promising breeding considerations, the possibility of using technologies for processing raw high-alkaloid materials with the accompanying extraction of valuable ingredients for pharmaceuticals is discussed. Information is briefly presented about the genomic resources of the species and the prospects for their use in marker-assistant selection and genome editing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>люпин узколистный</kwd><kwd>алкалоиды</kwd><kwd>доместикация</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>кормовые</kwd><kwd>продовольственные</kwd><kwd>сидеральные сорта</kwd><kwd>фармакология</kwd><kwd>генетические и геномные ресурсы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>narrow-leaved lupine</kwd><kwd>alkaloids</kwd><kwd>domestication</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>feed</kwd><kwd>food</kwd><kwd>green manure</kwd><kwd>varieties</kwd><kwd>pharmacology</kwd><kwd>genetic and genomic resources</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Project No. 20-016-00072-A, and budgetary project No. 0662-2019-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abbas G., Al-Harrasi A.S., Hussain H., Sattar S.A., Choudhary M.I. 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