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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ20.658</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ И КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика активной субстанции препарата дрожжей Saccharomyces сerevisiae, обладающей радиопротекторными свойствами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristic of the active substance of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae preparation having radioprotective properties</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-3795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Риттер</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ritter</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николин</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolin</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7650-4331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кисаретова</surname><given-names>П. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisaretova</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6746-8092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таранов</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taranov</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2807-774X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубатолова</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubatolova</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1558-8655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поттер</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potter</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3426-4501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирикович</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirikovich</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-7543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремов</surname><given-names>Я. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremov</surname><given-names>Y. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байбородин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayborodin</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-8919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-2413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещанинова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meschaninova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-6932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веньяминова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Venyaminova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6800-8787</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колчанов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolchanov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-9382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богачев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogachev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labmolbiol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>643</fpage><lpage>652</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Риттер Г.С., Николин В.П., Попова Н.А., Проскурина А.С., Кисаретова П.Э., Таранов О.С., Дубатолова Т.Д., Долгова Е.В., Поттер Е.А., Кирикович С.С., Ефремов Я.Р., Байбородин С.И., Романенко М.В., Мещанинова М.И., Веньяминова А.Г., Колчанов Н.А., Богачев С.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Риттер Г.С., Николин В.П., Попова Н.А., Проскурина А.С., Кисаретова П.Э., Таранов О.С., Дубатолова Т.Д., Долгова Е.В., Поттер Е.А., Кирикович С.С., Ефремов Я.Р., Байбородин С.И., Романенко М.В., Мещанинова М.И., Веньяминова А.Г., Колчанов Н.А., Богачев С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ritter G.S., Nikolin V.P., Popova N.A., Proskurina A.S., Kisaretova P.E., Taranov O.S., Dubatolova T.D., Dolgova E.V., Potter E.A., Kirikovich S.S., Efremov Y.R., Bayborodin S.I., Romanenko M.V., Meschaninova M.I., Venyaminova A.G., Kolchanov N.A., Bogachev S.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2780">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2780</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе охарактеризованы некоторые биологические особенности радиопротекторного действия препарата двуцепочечной РНК. Обнаружено, что препарат дрожжевой РНК обладает пролонгированным радиопротекторным действием при облучении животных летальной дозой в 9.4 Гр. При облучении через 1 ч и на 4-е сутки после введения 7 мг препарата РНК выживает 100 % животных на 70-е сутки наблюдения, при облучении на 8-е и 12-е сутки – 60 % животных. Были оценены временные параметры процесса репарации двуцепочечных разрывов, индуцированных γ-лучами. Выявлено, что введение препарата РНК в момент максимального количества двуцепочечных разрывов, через 1 ч после облучения, снижает эффективность радиопротекторного действия по сравнению с введением за 1 ч до облучения и через 4 ч после облучения. Проведено сравнение эффективности радиозащитного действия штатного радиопротектора Б-190 и препарата РНК в одном эксперименте. Установлено, что препарат суммарной РНК не уступает по эффективности препарату Б-190. Выживаемость на 40-е сутки после облучения для группы мышей, получавших препарат РНК, составила 78 %, для Б-190 – 67 % животных. В ходе аналитических исследований препарата суммарной РНК дрожжей обнаружилось, что препарат представляет собой смесь одноцепочечной и двуцепочечной РНК. Радиопротекторными свойствами обладает только двуцепочечная РНК. При введении 160 мкг препарата двуцепочечной РНК выживает 100 % подопытных животных после абсолютно летальной дозы гамма-радиации 9.4 Гр. Установлено, что радиозащитный эффект двуцепочечной РНК зависит не от последовательности, а от ее двуцепочечной формы, причем для осуществления радиопротекторного действия двуцепочечная РНК должна иметь «открытые» концы молекулы. Предполагается, что радиозащитное действие препарата двуцепочечной РНК связано с участием молекул РНК в корректном восстановлении поврежденного облучением хроматина в стволовых клетках крови. Сохранившие жизнеспособность стволовые гемопоэтические клетки мигрируют на периферию и достигают селезенки, где активно пролиферируют. Вновь образовавшаяся клеточная популяция восстанавливает кроветворную и иммунную системы, что определяет выживание летально облученных животных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper describes some biological features of the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA preparation. It was found that yeast RNA preparation has a prolonged radioprotective effect after irradiation by a lethal dose of 9.4 Gy. 100 % of animals survive on the 70th day of observation when irradiated 1 hour or 4 days after 7 mg RNA preparation injection, 60 % animals survive when irradiated on day 8 or 12. Time parameters of repair of double-stranded breaks induced by gamma rays were estimated. It was found that the injection of the RNA preparation at the time of maximum number of double-stranded breaks, 1 hour after irradiation, reduces the efficacy of radioprotective action compared with the injection 1 hour before irradiation and 4 hours after irradiation. A comparison of the radioprotective effect of the standard radioprotector B-190 and the RNA preparation was made in one experiment. It has been established that the total RNA preparation is more efficacious than B-190. Survival on the 40th day after irradiation was 78 % for the group of mice treated with the RNA preparation and 67 % for those treated with B-190. In the course of analytical studies of the total yeast RNA preparation, it was found that the preparation is a mixture of single-stranded and double-stranded RNA. It was shown that only double-stranded RNA has radioprotective properties. Injection of 160 μg double-stranded RNA protects 100 % of the experimental animals from an absolutely lethal dose of gamma radiation, 9.4 Gy. It was established that the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA does not depend on sequence, but depends on its double-stranded form and the presence of “open” ends of the molecule. It is supposed that the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA is associated with the participation of RNA molecules in the correct repair of radiation-damaged chromatin in blood stem cells. The hematopoietic pluripotent cells that have survived migrate to the periphery, reach the spleen and actively proliferate. The newly formed cell population restores the hematopoietic and immune systems, which determines the survival of lethally irradiated animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двуцепочечная РНК</kwd><kwd>Б-190</kwd><kwd>селезеночные колонии</kwd><kwd>двуцепочечные разрывы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>double-stranded RNA</kwd><kwd>B-190</kwd><kwd>spleen colonies</kwd><kwd>double-stranded breaks</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>This work was supported by State Budgeted Project No. 0324-2019-0042-C-01 for the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, registration ID AAAA-А17-117071240065-4; and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 18-34-00205. Microscopical examination of cells was supported by State Budgeted Project No. 0310-2019-0005 for the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Novosibirsk.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by State Budgeted Project No. 0324-2019-0042-C-01 for the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, registration ID AAAA-А17-117071240065-4; and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 18-34-00205. Microscopical examination of cells was supported by State Budgeted Project No. 0310-2019-0005 for the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Novosibirsk.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Озеров И.В., Осипов А.Н. 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